一、环境搭建
1.创建maven-web工程：目录结构
在这里插入图片描述
2.导入maven坐标
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.编写springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.unclezs.controller"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean id="InternalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--开启mvc注解支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
4.编写web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--过滤器解决中文乱码-->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--拦截器初始化-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.控制类
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String sayHello(){
System.out.println("hello springMvc");
return "success";
}
}
6.测试
访问http://localhost:8080/hello即可跳转success.jsp
二、参数绑定
SpringMVC的参数绑定只需要再Controller的方法参数上写对应的参数名字即可
1.普通参数
接收提交的参数,并绑定到控制器方法的参数上
控制器类
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String sayHello(String username,String password){
System.out.println("username:"+username+"-- password:"+password);
return "success";
}
}
参数提交格式
<form action="/hello" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username"/>
<input type="text" name="password"/>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
2.普通JacaBean参数
参数对象User.java
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
//getter setter 省略
}
控制器对应方法
@RequestMapping(path = "/user")
public String bindParams(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}
参数提交方式
<form action="/user" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username"/>
<input type="text" name="password"/>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
3.POJO参数(plain ordinary java object)
实体类
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private List<Account> accounts;
private Map<String,Account> accountMap;
}
public class Account {
private int id;
private double money;
}
表单提交格式
<form action="/user" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username"/>
<input type="text" name="password"/>
<input type="text" name="accounts[0].id"/>
<input type="text" name="accounts[0].money"/>
<input type="text" name="accountMap['one'].id"/>
<input type="text" name="accountMap['one'].money"/>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
控制器
@RequestMapping(path = "/user")
public String bindParams(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}
结果集
User{username='15023814323', password='uncle924', accounts=[Account{id=123, money=213.0}], accountMap={one=Account{id=312, money=312.0}}}
4.获取原生servlet-API
与参数绑定相同格式，只需要将需要的api当作参数写在Controller参数列表即可
@RequestMapping(path = "/servlet_api")
public String bindParams(HttpServletRequest request){
System.out.println(request);
return "success";
}
5.自定义类型转换器
转换器类
需要实现Converter接口
public class MyDateConvert implements Converter<String, Date> {
@Override
public Date convert(String source) {
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(source)){
throw new RuntimeException("数据不能为空");
}
DateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
try {
return df.parse(source);
} catch (ParseException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("时间字符串解析错误");
}
}
}
注册转换器
再springmvc.xml中添加
<!--注册转换器-->
<bean id="ConversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters">
<set>
<bean class="com.unclezs.convert.MyDateConvert"/>
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<!--开启mvc注解支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="ConversionService"/>
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