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SpringBoot和Mybatis配置多数据源连接多个数据库

SpringBoot和Mybatis配置多数据源连接多个数据库

作者: ChinaXieShuai | 来源:发表于2017-05-26 00:36 被阅读555次

    SpringBoot和Mybatis配置多数据源连接多个数据库


    目前业界操作数据库的框架一般是 Mybatis,但在很多业务场景下,我们需要在一个工程里配置多个数据源来实现业务逻辑。在SpringBoot中也可以实现多数据源并配合Mybatis框架编写xml文件来执行SQL。在SpringBoot中,配置多数据源的方式十分便捷,

    下面开始上代码:

    • pom.xml文件中需要添加一些依赖
    <!-- Spring Boot Mybatis 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- MySQL 连接驱动依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.39</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Druid 数据连接池依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.0.18</version>
    </dependency>
    
    • application.properties 配置两个数据源配置
    # master 数据源配置
    master.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    master.datasource.username=root
    master.datasource.password=321
    master.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
    # second 数据源配置
    second.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootdb_second?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    second.datasource.username=root
    second.datasource.password=321
    second.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
    • 数据源配置
    多数据源配置的时候注意,必须要有一个主数据源,即 MasterDataSourceConfig 配置
    • @Primary 标志这个 Bean 如果在多个同类 Bean 候选时,该 Bean 优先被考虑。「多数据源配置的时候注意,必须要有一个主数据源,用 @Primary 标志该 Bean
    • @MapperScan 扫描 Mapper 接口并容器管理,包路径精确到 master,为了和下面 cluster 数据源做到精确区分
    • @Value 获取全局配置文件 application.properties 的 kv 配置,并自动装配sqlSessionFactoryRef 表示定义了 key ,表示一个唯一 SqlSessionFactory 实例

    MasterDataSourceConfig的代码:

    @Configuration
    // 扫描 Mapper 接口并容器管理
    @MapperScan(basePackages = MasterDataSourceConfig.PACKAGE, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
    public class MasterDataSourceConfig {
     
        // 精确到 master 目录,以便跟其他数据源隔离
        static final String PACKAGE = "org.spring.springboot.dao.master";
        static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/master/*.xml";
     
        @Value("${master.datasource.url}")
        private String url;
     
        @Value("${master.datasource.username}")
        private String user;
     
        @Value("${master.datasource.password}")
        private String password;
     
        @Value("${master.datasource.driverClassName}")
        private String driverClass;
     
        @Bean(name = "masterDataSource")
        @Primary
        public DataSource masterDataSource() {
            DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
            dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClass);
            dataSource.setUrl(url);
            dataSource.setUsername(user);
            dataSource.setPassword(password);
            return dataSource;
        }
     
        @Bean(name = "masterTransactionManager")
        @Primary
        public DataSourceTransactionManager masterTransactionManager() {
            return new DataSourceTransactionManager(masterDataSource());
        }
     
        @Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
        @Primary
        public SqlSessionFactory masterSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("masterDataSource") DataSource masterDataSource)
                throws Exception {
            final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
            sessionFactory.setDataSource(masterDataSource);
            sessionFactory.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver()
                    .getResources(MasterDataSourceConfig.MAPPER_LOCATION));
            return sessionFactory.getObject();
        }
    }
    

    第二个数据源SecondDataSourceConfig的配置如下:

    @Configuration
    // 扫描 Mapper 接口并容器管理
    @MapperScan(basePackages = SecondDataSourceConfig.PACKAGE, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "secondSqlSessionFactory")
    public class SecondDataSourceConfig {
    
        // 精确到 cluster 目录,以便跟其他数据源隔离
        static final String PACKAGE = "com.springboot.dao.second";
        static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/second/*.xml";
    
        @Value("${second.datasource.url}")
        private String url;
    
        @Value("${second.datasource.username}")
        private String user;
    
        @Value("${second.datasource.password}")
        private String password;
    
        @Value("${second.datasource.driverClassName}")
        private String driverClass;
    
        @Bean(name = "secondDataSource")
        public DataSource clusterDataSource() {
            DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
            dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClass);
            dataSource.setUrl(url);
            dataSource.setUsername(user);
            dataSource.setPassword(password);
            return dataSource;
        }
    
        @Bean(name = "secondTransactionManager")
        public DataSourceTransactionManager clusterTransactionManager() {
            return new DataSourceTransactionManager(clusterDataSource());
        }
    
        @Bean(name = "secondSqlSessionFactory")
        public SqlSessionFactory clusterSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("secondDataSource") DataSource clusterDataSource)
                throws Exception {
            final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
            sessionFactory.setDataSource(clusterDataSource);
            sessionFactory.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver()
                    .getResources(SecondDataSourceConfig.MAPPER_LOCATION));
            return sessionFactory.getObject();
        }
    }
    

    到此,不同的数据源配置就已经完成,剩下的只需要将将Mybatis的xml文件和DAO层的接口写好,并在Service层注入,直接使用就行。

    Service层的代码:

    @Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserDao userDao;
        @Autowired
        private SchoolDao schoolDao;
    
        public UserVo getUser(Long id) {
            UserVo userVo = userDao.findById(id);
            SchoolVo schoolVo = schoolDao.findByName("清华");
            userVo.setSchoolVo(schoolVo);
            return userVo;
        }
    
    }
    

    Mybatis的xml文件UserDao.xmlSchoolDao.xml的内容:

    UserDao.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
    <mapper namespace="com.springboot.dao.master.UserDao">
        <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.springboot.vo.UserVo">
            <result column="id" property="id" />
            <result column="user_name" property="userName" />
        </resultMap>
    
        <sql id="Base_Column_List">
            id, user_name
        </sql>
    
        <select id="findById" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Long">
            select
                <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
            from
                user
            where
                id = #{id}
        </select>
    </mapper>
    
    

    SchoolDao.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
    <mapper namespace="com.springboot.dao.second.SchoolDao">
        <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.springboot.vo.SchoolVo">
            <result column="id" property="id" />
            <result column="school_name" property="schoolName" />
            <result column="school_describe" property="schoolDescribe" />
        </resultMap>
    
        <sql id="Base_Column_List">
            id, school_name, school_describe
        </sql>
    
        <select id="findByName" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.String">
            select
                <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
            from
                school
            where
                school_name = #{schoolName}
        </select>
    
    </mapper>
    
    

    TestController

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/v1/test")
    public class TestController {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getUser")
        @ResponseBody
        public UserVo getUser(@RequestParam(value = "id") Long id) {
            return userService.getUser(id);
        }
    
    }
    

    创建数据库和表SQL:

    CREATE DATABASE springbootdb;
    
    CREATE DATABASE springbootdb_second;
    
    CREATE TABLE `user` (
      `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户编号',
      `user_name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
      `description` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
    
    CREATE TABLE `school` (
      `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
      `school_name` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学校名',
      `school_describe` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学校描述',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
    
    insert into `springbootdb`.`user` ( `user_name`, `description`) values ( 'shuai', 'so handsome');
    
    insert into `springbootdb_second`.`school` ( `id`, `school_name`, `school_describe`) values ( '1', '清华', '自强不息,厚德载物');
    

    创建好数据后,整个工程的机构如下:

    启动程序,在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/api/v1/test/getUser?id=1即可返回结果。

    工程结构.png

    github地址:https://github.com/chinashuai/SpringBootMax.git

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