(目前) 定义:
百度百科:
可检验的有关宇宙的知识
维基百科:
Science (from the Latin word scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds andorganizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
"科学" --> "science" --> “scientia” --> “knowledge” --> “知识”
历史溯源:
什么人(Who)在什么时间(When)什么地点(Where),
出于什么原因(Why)以什么方式(How)把什么事情(What)做到什么程度(How much)。
(现代科学)3个分支:
自然科学、社会科学、形式科学
自然科学:
Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description,prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.
社会科学
Social science is the branch of science devoted to the study of human societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies.
形式科学
Formal science is a branch of science studying formal language disciplines concerned with formal systems, such as logic, mathematics, statistics, theoretic al computer science, artificial intelligence, information theory, game theory, systems theory, decision theory, and theoretical linguistics. Whereas the natural sciences and social sciences seek to characterize physical systems and social systems, respectively, using empirical methods, the formal sciences are language tools concerned with characterizing abstract structures described by symbolic systems. The formal sciences aid the natural and social sciences by providing information about the structures the latter use to describe the world, and what inferences may be made about them.
科学研究
研究
研究是主动寻求根本性原因与更高可靠性依据,从而为提高事业或功利的可靠性和稳健性而做的工作。
研究的对象为现象,任何事件都可以称为“现象”,包括研究本身 。
科学方法
科学思维
可验证性
注:
用发展的眼光看问题,以上对【科学】的定义、分类,并不是科学一出现就如此定义和分类,并静态地保持不变。人们在不同时期对科学分类体系的不同认识。科学在发展过程中,累积和革命相互交替。
参考材料:
【百度百科:科学】https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6/10406
【】http://h.bkzx.cn/item/214333?q=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6
【】http://h.bkzx.cn/item/123741?q=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6
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