它俩的输出是一样的。
其中ii, rc这样的状态字段读起来有点麻烦，具体含义要看文档man dpkg-query。
rc的意思是已经删除了但是还有配置文件，ii就是正常安装好了的包。
Desired action:
u = Unknown
i = Install
h = Hold
r = Remove
p = Purge
Package status:
n = Not-installed
c = Config-files
H = Half-installed
U = Unpacked
F = Half-configured
W = Triggers-awaiting
t = Triggers-pending
i = Installed
Error flags:
<empty> = (none)
R = Reinst-required
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