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Android AsyncTask源码简单分析

Android AsyncTask源码简单分析

作者: 徘徊0_ | 来源:发表于2018-10-10 11:03 被阅读0次

最开始的异步,应该是使用AsyncTask处理的比较多,都知道AsyncTask常用的三个方法:onPreExecute onPostExecute doInBackground前两个是在UI线程,最后一个doInBackground是在子线程,可以处理一些耗时操作。简单分析一下这三个方法:
1,最常见使用方式如下:

       AsyncTask mAsyncTask = new AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>() {
            @Override
            protected void onPreExecute() {
                super.onPreExecute();
                //ui线程
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
                super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
                //UI线程
            }

            @Override
            protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {
                //子线程,处理耗时操作
                return null;
            }
        };
        mAsyncTask.execute();//开始执行,就从这个方法入手

2,跟到mAsyncTask.execute();中可以看到:

  @MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
        //调用了下面的方法
        return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
    }

接着(下面这段代码,也说明了为什么AsyncTask只能执行一次,具体看注释):

    @MainThread
    public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
            Params... params) {
        if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
            switch (mStatus) {
                case RUNNING://是否已经处于运行状态(否则不伺候)
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task is already running.");
                case FINISHED://是否已经结束(否则不伺候)
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task has already been executed "
                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");
            }
        }

        //如果第一次,就会将状态置为 运行
        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;

        onPreExecute(); //在这里,就调用了,文章最开始说的方法,同时也是在UI线程运行

        mWorker.mParams = params;
        exec.execute(mFuture); //紧接着调用该方法,跟到 mFuture 

        return this;
    }

3,接着分析:exec.execute(mFuture);

  • 首先看看mFuture是个什么东西:
private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture;//声明
....//省略好多代码
mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
            @Override
            protected void done() {
                try {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                            e.getCause());
                } catch (CancellationException e) {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                }
            }
        };
  • FutureTask 其实是实现了Runnable 接口,相当于一个线程(所以必定有run方法)
public class FutureTask<V> implements RunnableFuture<V>{
    ....
    public FutureTask(Callable<V> callable) {
        if (callable == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        this.callable = callable;
        this.state = NEW;       // ensure visibility of callable
    }

   ...
}
  • FutureTask 的run方法,这里注意 callable 其实就是 AsyncTask中的mWorker
.....
    public void run() {
        if (state != NEW ||
            !U.compareAndSwapObject(this, RUNNER, null, Thread.currentThread()))
            return;
        try {
            Callable<V> c = callable; //注意这里,其实就是上面构造器传入的 mWorker
            if (c != null && state == NEW) {
                V result;
                boolean ran;
                try {
                    result = c.call(); //在这里,调用了 mWorker 的call方法
                    ran = true;
                } catch (Throwable ex) {
                    result = null;
                    ran = false;
                    setException(ex);
                }
                if (ran)
                    set(result);
            }
        } finally {
            runner = null;
            int s = state;
            if (s >= INTERRUPTING)
                handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);
        }
    }
.....

4,回到AsyncTask 的mWorker,也就是在这里调用了doInBackground方法,执行完毕后,调用postResult(result);方法:

mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
            public Result call() throws Exception {
                mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                Result result = null;
                try {
                    Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                    //在这里调用了该方法,并且他是Runnable,也就是子线程
                    result = doInBackground(mParams);
                    Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                } catch (Throwable tr) {
                    mCancelled.set(true);
                    throw tr;
                } finally {
                    //最后调用 该方法
                    postResult(result);
                }
                return result;
            }
        };

5,postResult方法(其实就是一个handler,发送 MESSAGE_POST_RESULT 切换到了UI线程):

 private Result postResult(Result result) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
                new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
        message.sendToTarget();
        return result;
    }

可以搜索到,MESSAGE_POST_RESULT 在哪里接收:

private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
        public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // 注意这里
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

此时,只需要看看 result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);这里做了哪些操作就可以。

 private void finish(Result result) {
        if (isCancelled()) {
            //如果cancel 就执行该方法
            onCancelled(result);
        } else {
            onPostExecute(result);//执行了该方法
        }

        //状态置为:finish
        mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
    }


@SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
    private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> {
        final AsyncTask mTask;
        final Data[] mData;

        AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) {
            mTask = task;//这里的task也就是AsyncTask,调用了上面的finish方法
            mData = data;
        }
    }

over...

上面简单分析了一下AsyncTask,其实分析下来也就是这几个类:AsyncTaskFutureTask 相互传参调用,还有如果是UI和子线程通讯,一定会使用到handler,这样分析也就稍微简单了一点!

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