每个人都想健康长寿，那么长寿的秘诀是什么呢？科学研究表明，只要我们保持五个好的生活习惯，就能把预期寿命延长十年以上。
How to live 10 years longer
by Ian Sample
People who stick to five healthy habits in adulthood can add more than a decade to their lives, according to a major study into the impact behaviour has on lifespan.★
stick to 坚持
adulthood /əˈdʌlthʊd/ n. 成年期
decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年
major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj. 重要的、大的
impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 显著影响
lifespan /ˈlaɪfspæn/ n. 寿命
★ 这句话里behaviour has on lifespan是省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰之前的impact
Researchers at Harvard University used lifestyle questionnaires and medical records from 123,000 volunteers to understand how much longer people lived if they followed a healthy diet, controlled their weight, took regular exercise, drank in moderation and did not smoke.
researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ n. 研究者（由research加上表示人的后缀-er）
Harvard University 哈佛大学
lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ n. 生活方式（由life和style组成）
questionnaire /ˌkwestʃəˈneə(r)/ n. 调查问卷
medical /ˈmedɪk(ə)l/ adj. 医疗的
record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者
moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 适度、适中（由moderate加后缀-ion变成名词）
When the scientists calculated average life expectancy, they noticed a dramatic effect from the healthy habits. Compared with people who adopted none of them, men and women who adhered to all five saw their life expectancy at 50 rise from 26 to 38 years and 29 to 43 years respectively.
calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ v. 计算
life expectancy /ɪkˈspekt(ə)nsi/ 预期寿命
dramatic /drəˈmætɪk/ adj. 急剧的、激动人心的
adopt /əˈdɒpt/ v. 采取
adhere /ədˈhɪə(r)/ to 一直遵从
respectively /rɪˈspektɪvli/ adv. 分别地
"When we embarked on this study, I thought, of course, that people who adopted these habits would live longer. But the surprising thing was how huge the effect was," said Meir Stampfer, a co-author on the study and professor of epidemiology（流行病学） and nutrition at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health.
embark /ɪmˈbɑːk/ on 开始做（某件重要的事）
co- 前缀，意思是“共同”
nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 营养
The study, published in the journal Circulation, suggests poor lifestyle is a major factor that cuts American lives short. Only 8% of the general population followed all five healthy habits. The research focused on the US population, but Stampfer said the findings applied to much of the western world.
journal /ˈdʒɜːn(ə)l/ n. 期刊
suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 表明
poor /pʊə(r)/ adj. 不好的、差的
factor /ˈfæktə(r)/ n. 因素
cut something short 使某事缩短
focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ on 专注于、聚焦于
finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 发现
apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 适用
The five healthy habits were defined as not smoking; having a body mass index between 18.5 and 25; taking at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise a day; having no more than one 150ml glass of wine a day for women, or two for men; and having a diet rich in items such as fruit, vegetables and whole grains and low in red meat, saturated（饱和的） fats and sugar.
define /dɪˈfaɪn/ v. 定义
mass /mæs/ n. 质量、重量
index /ˈɪndeks/ n. 指数（body mass index就是体重指数）
moderate /ˈmɒd(ə)rət/ adj. 适中的、适度的
rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 丰富的
grain /ɡreɪn/ n. 谷物
fat /fæt/ n. 脂肪、油脂
Men and women who had such healthy lives were 82% less likely to die of heart disease and 65% less likely to die of cancer compared with those with the least healthy lifestyles, over the roughly 30 years of the study.
roughly /ˈrʌfli/ adv. 大约
Given that the habits of a healthy lifestyle are well known, the mystery is why we are so bad at adopting them, said Stampfer. Part of the problem is that many people struggle to give up smoking, and the continuous peddling of unhealthy food, he said.
given /ˈɡɪv(ə)n/ prep. 考虑到
struggle /ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/ v. 挣扎
continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/ adj. 持续不断的（由continue加后缀-ous变成形容词）
peddle /ˈped(ə)l/ v. 兜售
"People can get stuck in a rut and think it's too late to change their ways, but what we find is that when people do change their ways, we see remarkable benefits," he added. "I think people need to step up and take some personal responsibility, but as a society we need to make it easier for people to do that."
stuck in a rut 一成不变
remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəb(ə)l/ adj. 显著的
step up 向前一步、挺身而出
responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsɪˈbɪləti/ n. 责任
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