1、启动
1)启用目录数据库和监听
2)启动GSM(Shard directors)
3)启动分片的数据库、监听、代理
4)启动全局服务(global service)
5)通过Service连接sharing

1.1 启动目录数据库和监听

[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup

SQL> exit
[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ lsnrctl start

[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ lsnrctl status

Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=8080))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "GDS$CATALOG.oradbcloud" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "catadb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "catadb" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "catadb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "catadbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "catadb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

1.2 启动GSM(Shard directors)

[gds@gsm1 ~]$ gdsctl

Current GSM is set to SHARDDIRECTOR3

GDSCTL>connect mygds/oracle

GDSCTL>start gsm

GDSCTL>status gsm
Alias                     SHARDDIRECTOR3
Version                   12.2.0.1.0
Start Date                07-MAR-2020 12:12:56
Trace Level               off
Listener Log File         /u05/app/oracle/diag/gsm/gsm1/sharddirector3/alert/log.xml
Listener Trace File       /u05/app/oracle/diag/gsm/gsm1/sharddirector3/trace/ora_2852_140100292587904.trc
Endpoint summary          (ADDRESS=(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1522)(PROTOCOL=tcp))
GSMOCI Version            2.2.1
Mastership                Y
Connected to GDS catalog  Y
Process Id                2855
Number of reconnections   0
Pending tasks.     Total  0
Tasks in  process. Total  0
Regional Mastership       TRUE
Total messages published  0
Time Zone                 +08:00
Orphaned Buddy Regions:   
     None
GDS region                region1

1.3. 启动分片的数据库、监听、代理

#可以通过config shard目录查看到当前Sharding环境中分片的信息：
GDSCTL>config shard
Name                Shard Group         Status    State       Region    Availability 
----                -----------         ------    -----       ------    ------------ 
sh1                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   -            
sh2                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   -  

#sd1
[oracle@sd1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=sh1

[oracle@sd1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup

SQL> !lsnrctl start

SQL> !schagent -start

SQL> !schagent -status

#sd2
[oracle@sd2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=sh2

[oracle@sd2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup

SQL> !lsnrctl start

SQL> !schagent -start

SQL> !schagent -status

1.4. 启动全局服务

#检查service状态：
GDSCTL>status service
Service "oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud" has 2 instance(s). Affinity: ANYWHERE
   Instance "shdb%1", name: "sh1", db: "sh1", region: "region1", status: ready.
   Instance "shdb%11", name: "sh2", db: "sh2", region: "region1", status: ready.

GDSCTL>config service
Name           Network name                  Pool           Started Preferred all 
----           ------------                  ----           ------- ------------- 
oltp_rw_srvc   oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud  shdb           Yes     Yes 

#如果没有启用使用start service启动(上行 Started =Yes 表示已启动)：
GDSCTL> start service -service oltp_rw_srvc

GDSCTL>config shard
Name                Shard Group         Status    State       Region    Availability 
----                -----------         ------    -----       ------    ------------ 
sh1                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   ONLINE       
sh2                 primary_shardgroup  Ok        Deployed    region1   ONLINE 

GDSCTL>databases
Database: "sh1" Registered: Y State: Ok ONS: N. Role: PRIMARY Instances: 1 Region: region1
   Service: "oltp_rw_srvc" Globally started: Y Started: Y
            Scan: N Enabled: Y Preferred: Y
   Registered instances:
     shdb%1
Database: "sh2" Registered: Y State: Ok ONS: N. Role: PRIMARY Instances: 1 Region: region1
   Service: "oltp_rw_srvc" Globally started: Y Started: Y
            Scan: N Enabled: Y Preferred: Y
   Registered instances:
     shdb%11

1.5. 通过Service连接sharding

[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> 
set lines 120
col name for a20

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                     TYPE    VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
_cloud_name              string  oradbcloud
cdb_cluster_name             string  catadb
cell_offloadgroup_name           string
db_file_name_convert             string
db_name                  string  catadb
db_unique_name               string  catadb
global_names                 boolean     FALSE
instance_name                string  catadb
lock_name_space              string
log_file_name_convert            string
pdb_file_name_convert            string
processor_group_name             string
service_names                string  catadb

2、停止
关闭顺序和打开顺序相反:
1)关闭连接池和客户端
2)关闭全局服务
3)关闭分片的数据库和监听
4)关闭GSM
5)关闭目录数据库和监听

2.1.关闭服务：

[gds@gsm1 ~]$ gdsctl
Current GSM is set to SHARDDIRECTOR3

GDSCTL>config service 
Name           Network name                  Pool           Started Preferred all 
----           ------------                  ----           ------- ------------- 
oltp_rw_srvc   oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud  shdb           Yes     Yes           


GDSCTL>stop service -gdspool shdb -service oltp_rw_srvc

GDSCTL>config service

Name           Network name                  Pool           Started Preferred all 
----           ------------                  ----           ------- ------------- 
oltp_rw_srvc   oltp_rw_srvc.shdb.oradbcloud  shdb           Yes     Yes     

2.2.在每个分片关闭数据库、监听、代理

#sd1
[oracle@sd1 ~]$ lsnrctl stop

[oracle@sd1 ~]$ schagent -stop

[oracle@sd1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep smon
oracle    12397      1  0 Mar06 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_sh1
oracle    17571   1623  0 00:16 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto smon

[oracle@sd1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=sh1

[oracle@sd1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate

#sd2
[oracle@sd2 oradata]$ lsnrctl stop

[oracle@sd2 oradata]$ schagent -stop

[oracle@sd2 oradata]$ ps -ef|grep smon
oracle    11966      1  0 Mar06 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_sh2
oracle    17251   1716  0 00:19 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto smon

[oracle@sd2 oradata]$ export ORACLE_SID=sh2

[oracle@sd2 oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate

2.3. 关闭GSM

GDSCTL>config gsm
Name             Region    ENDPOINT                                                    
----             ------    --------                                                    
sharddirector3   region1   (ADDRESS=(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1522)(PROTOCOL=tcp))              
                                                                           
GDSCTL>stop gsm -gsm sharddirector3
GSM is stopped successfully

GDSCTL>config gsm
Name            Region    ENDPOINT                                                    
----            ------    --------                                                    
sharddirector3  region1   (ADDRESS=(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1522)(PROTOCOL=tcp))             
                                                                         
GDSCTL>config gsm -gsm sharddirector3
Name: sharddirector3
Endpoint 1: (ADDRESS=(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1522)(PROTOCOL=tcp))
Local ONS port: 6123
Remote ONS port: 6234
ORACLE_HOME path: /u05/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/gsm_1
GSM Host name: gsm1
Region: region1


Buddy
------------------------

GDSCTL>status gsm
GSM-45075: No response from GSM

2.4 关闭目录数据库和监听(gsm1)

[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ lsnrctl stop

[oracle@gsm1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate

查看监听状态

[gds@gsm1 ~]$ lsnrctl status sharddirector3

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 07-MAR-2020 00:31:21

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(HOST=gsm1)(PORT=1522)(PROTOCOL=tcp))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=GDS$CATALOG.oradbcloud)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused