clojure 宏

宏的本质是fn* 函数. 该函数有个meta 说明是宏. 则clojure compiler 在编译的时候需要先展开后编译.

(def
 ^{:doc "Like defn, but the resulting function name is declared as a
  macro and will be used as a macro by the compiler when it is
  called."
   :arglists '([name doc-string? attr-map? [params*] body]
                 [name doc-string? attr-map? ([params*] body)+ attr-map?])
   :added "1.0"}
 defmacro (fn [&form &env 
                name & args]
             (let [prefix (loop [p (list name) args args]
                            (let [f (first args)]
                              (if (string? f)
                                (recur (cons f p) (next args))
                                (if (map? f)
                                  (recur (cons f p) (next args))
                                  p))))
                   fdecl (loop [fd args]
                           (if (string? (first fd))
                             (recur (next fd))
                             (if (map? (first fd))
                               (recur (next fd))
                               fd)))
                   fdecl (if (vector? (first fdecl))
                           (list fdecl)
                           fdecl)
                   add-implicit-args (fn [fd]
                             (let [args (first fd)]
                               (cons (vec (cons '&form (cons '&env args))) (next fd))))
                   add-args (fn [acc ds]
                              (if (nil? ds)
                                acc
                                (let [d (first ds)]
                                  (if (map? d)
                                    (conj acc d)
                                    (recur (conj acc (add-implicit-args d)) (next ds))))))
                   fdecl (seq (add-args [] fdecl))
                   decl (loop [p prefix d fdecl]
                          (if p
                            (recur (next p) (cons (first p) d))
                            d))]
               (list 'do
                     (cons `defn decl)
                     (list '. (list 'var name) '(setMacro))  ; 这里定义的fn也被设置为宏
                     (list 'var name)))))


(. (var defmacro) (setMacro))  ；defmacro 本身是宏. 在上面展开后 继续对用户自定义的宏展开编译. 生成jvm可加载运行的bytecode.