并行执行阶段的逻辑封装在 ConcurrentMarkThread 中，该线程对应 G1 Main Marker 。
具体的执行逻辑在 run_service() 方法中，我们对应着日志分块阅读代码。
1. Concurrent Clear Claimed Marks
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L280
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::CLEAR_CLAIMED_MARKS, this);
ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();
清理声明的标记。
// hotspot/share/classfile/classLoaderData.cpp#L434
void ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks() {
for (ClassLoaderData* cld = _head; cld != NULL; cld = cld->next()) {
cld->clear_claimed();
}
}
2. Concurrent Scan Root Regions
并行扫描根 region。
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L293
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::SCAN_ROOT_REGIONS, this);
_cm->scan_root_regions();
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp#L928
void G1ConcurrentMark::scan_root_regions() {
// scan_in_progress() will have been set to true only if there was
// at least one root region to scan. So, if it's false, we
// should not attempt to do any further work.
if (root_regions()->scan_in_progress()) {
assert(!has_aborted(), "Aborting before root region scanning is finished not supported.");
_num_concurrent_workers = MIN2(calc_active_marking_workers(),
// We distribute work on a per-region basis, so starting
// more threads than that is useless.
root_regions()->num_root_regions());
assert(_num_concurrent_workers <= _max_concurrent_workers,
"Maximum number of marking threads exceeded");
G1CMRootRegionScanTask task(this);
log_debug(gc, ergo)("Running %s using %u workers for %u work units.",
task.name(), _num_concurrent_workers, root_regions()->num_root_regions());
_concurrent_workers->run_task(&task, _num_concurrent_workers);
// It's possible that has_aborted() is true here without actually
// aborting the survivor scan earlier. This is OK as it's
// mainly used for sanity checking.
root_regions()->scan_finished();
}
}
如果 survivor 区非空的话才进行根扫描。
扫描的就是 survivor 区。
3. Concurrent Mark
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L310
// Concurrent marking.
{
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::MARK_FROM_ROOTS, this);
_cm->mark_from_roots();
}
具体的标记逻辑封装在 G1CMTask 中。
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp#L2512
void G1CMTask::do_marking_step(double time_target_ms,
bool do_termination,
bool is_serial) {
assert(time_target_ms >= 1.0, "minimum granularity is 1ms");
assert(_concurrent == _cm->concurrent(), "they should be the same");
_start_time_ms = os::elapsedVTime() * 1000.0;
// If do_stealing is true then do_marking_step will attempt to
// steal work from the other G1CMTasks. It only makes sense to
// enable stealing when the termination protocol is enabled
// and do_marking_step() is not being called serially.
bool do_stealing = do_termination && !is_serial;
double diff_prediction_ms = _g1h->g1_policy()->predictor().get_new_prediction(&_marking_step_diffs_ms);
_time_target_ms = time_target_ms - diff_prediction_ms;
// set up the variables that are used in the work-based scheme to
// call the regular clock method
_words_scanned = 0;
_refs_reached = 0;
recalculate_limits();
// clear all flags
clear_has_aborted();
_has_timed_out = false;
_draining_satb_buffers = false;
++_calls;
// Set up the bitmap and oop closures. Anything that uses them is
// eventually called from this method, so it is OK to allocate these
// statically.
G1CMBitMapClosure bitmap_closure(this, _cm);
G1CMOopClosure cm_oop_closure(_g1h, _cm, this);
set_cm_oop_closure(&cm_oop_closure);
if (_cm->has_overflown()) {
// This can happen if the mark stack overflows during a GC pause
// and this task, after a yield point, restarts. We have to abort
// as we need to get into the overflow protocol which happens
// right at the end of this task.
set_has_aborted();
}
// First drain any available SATB buffers. After this, we will not
// look at SATB buffers before the next invocation of this method.
// If enough completed SATB buffers are queued up, the regular clock
// will abort this task so that it restarts.
drain_satb_buffers();
// ...then partially drain the local queue and the global stack
drain_local_queue(true);
drain_global_stack(true);
do {
if (!has_aborted() && _curr_region != NULL) {
// This means that we're already holding on to a region.
assert(_finger != NULL, "if region is not NULL, then the finger "
"should not be NULL either");
// We might have restarted this task after an evacuation pause
// which might have evacuated the region we're holding on to
// underneath our feet. Let's read its limit again to make sure
// that we do not iterate over a region of the heap that
// contains garbage (update_region_limit() will also move
// _finger to the start of the region if it is found empty).
update_region_limit();
// We will start from _finger not from the start of the region,
// as we might be restarting this task after aborting half-way
// through scanning this region. In this case, _finger points to
// the address where we last found a marked object. If this is a
// fresh region, _finger points to start().
MemRegion mr = MemRegion(_finger, _region_limit);
assert(!_curr_region->is_humongous() || mr.start() == _curr_region->bottom(),
"humongous regions should go around loop once only");
// Some special cases:
// If the memory region is empty, we can just give up the region.
// If the current region is humongous then we only need to check
// the bitmap for the bit associated with the start of the object,
// scan the object if it's live, and give up the region.
// Otherwise, let's iterate over the bitmap of the part of the region
// that is left.
// If the iteration is successful, give up the region.
if (mr.is_empty()) {
giveup_current_region();
regular_clock_call();
} else if (_curr_region->is_humongous() && mr.start() == _curr_region->bottom()) {
if (_next_mark_bitmap->is_marked(mr.start())) {
// The object is marked - apply the closure
bitmap_closure.do_addr(mr.start());
}
// Even if this task aborted while scanning the humongous object
// we can (and should) give up the current region.
giveup_current_region();
regular_clock_call();
} else if (_next_mark_bitmap->iterate(&bitmap_closure, mr)) {
giveup_current_region();
regular_clock_call();
} else {
assert(has_aborted(), "currently the only way to do so");
// The only way to abort the bitmap iteration is to return
// false from the do_bit() method. However, inside the
// do_bit() method we move the _finger to point to the
// object currently being looked at. So, if we bail out, we
// have definitely set _finger to something non-null.
assert(_finger != NULL, "invariant");
// Region iteration was actually aborted. So now _finger
// points to the address of the object we last scanned. If we
// leave it there, when we restart this task, we will rescan
// the object. It is easy to avoid this. We move the finger by
// enough to point to the next possible object header.
assert(_finger < _region_limit, "invariant");
HeapWord* const new_finger = _finger + ((oop)_finger)->size();
// Check if bitmap iteration was aborted while scanning the last object
if (new_finger >= _region_limit) {
giveup_current_region();
} else {
move_finger_to(new_finger);
}
}
}
// At this point we have either completed iterating over the
// region we were holding on to, or we have aborted.
// We then partially drain the local queue and the global stack.
// (Do we really need this?)
drain_local_queue(true);
drain_global_stack(true);
// Read the note on the claim_region() method on why it might
// return NULL with potentially more regions available for
// claiming and why we have to check out_of_regions() to determine
// whether we're done or not.
while (!has_aborted() && _curr_region == NULL && !_cm->out_of_regions()) {
// We are going to try to claim a new region. We should have
// given up on the previous one.
// Separated the asserts so that we know which one fires.
assert(_curr_region == NULL, "invariant");
assert(_finger == NULL, "invariant");
assert(_region_limit == NULL, "invariant");
HeapRegion* claimed_region = _cm->claim_region(_worker_id);
if (claimed_region != NULL) {
// Yes, we managed to claim one
setup_for_region(claimed_region);
assert(_curr_region == claimed_region, "invariant");
}
// It is important to call the regular clock here. It might take
// a while to claim a region if, for example, we hit a large
// block of empty regions. So we need to call the regular clock
// method once round the loop to make sure it's called
// frequently enough.
regular_clock_call();
}
if (!has_aborted() && _curr_region == NULL) {
assert(_cm->out_of_regions(),
"at this point we should be out of regions");
}
} while ( _curr_region != NULL && !has_aborted());
if (!has_aborted()) {
// We cannot check whether the global stack is empty, since other
// tasks might be pushing objects to it concurrently.
assert(_cm->out_of_regions(),
"at this point we should be out of regions");
// Try to reduce the number of available SATB buffers so that
// remark has less work to do.
drain_satb_buffers();
}
// Since we've done everything else, we can now totally drain the
// local queue and global stack.
drain_local_queue(false);
drain_global_stack(false);
// Attempt at work stealing from other task's queues.
if (do_stealing && !has_aborted()) {
// We have not aborted. This means that we have finished all that
// we could. Let's try to do some stealing...
// We cannot check whether the global stack is empty, since other
// tasks might be pushing objects to it concurrently.
assert(_cm->out_of_regions() && _task_queue->size() == 0,
"only way to reach here");
while (!has_aborted()) {
G1TaskQueueEntry entry;
if (_cm->try_stealing(_worker_id, &_hash_seed, entry)) {
scan_task_entry(entry);
// And since we're towards the end, let's totally drain the
// local queue and global stack.
drain_local_queue(false);
drain_global_stack(false);
} else {
break;
}
}
}
// We still haven't aborted. Now, let's try to get into the
// termination protocol.
if (do_termination && !has_aborted()) {
// We cannot check whether the global stack is empty, since other
// tasks might be concurrently pushing objects on it.
// Separated the asserts so that we know which one fires.
assert(_cm->out_of_regions(), "only way to reach here");
assert(_task_queue->size() == 0, "only way to reach here");
_termination_start_time_ms = os::elapsedVTime() * 1000.0;
// The G1CMTask class also extends the TerminatorTerminator class,
// hence its should_exit_termination() method will also decide
// whether to exit the termination protocol or not.
bool finished = (is_serial ||
_cm->terminator()->offer_termination(this));
double termination_end_time_ms = os::elapsedVTime() * 1000.0;
_termination_time_ms +=
termination_end_time_ms - _termination_start_time_ms;
if (finished) {
// We're all done.
if (_worker_id == 0) {
// Let's allow task 0 to do this
if (_concurrent) {
assert(_cm->concurrent_marking_in_progress(), "invariant");
// We need to set this to false before the next
// safepoint. This way we ensure that the marking phase
// doesn't observe any more heap expansions.
_cm->clear_concurrent_marking_in_progress();
}
}
// We can now guarantee that the global stack is empty, since
// all other tasks have finished. We separated the guarantees so
// that, if a condition is false, we can immediately find out
// which one.
guarantee(_cm->out_of_regions(), "only way to reach here");
guarantee(_cm->mark_stack_empty(), "only way to reach here");
guarantee(_task_queue->size() == 0, "only way to reach here");
guarantee(!_cm->has_overflown(), "only way to reach here");
} else {
// Apparently there's more work to do. Let's abort this task. It
// will restart it and we can hopefully find more things to do.
set_has_aborted();
}
}
// Mainly for debugging purposes to make sure that a pointer to the
// closure which was statically allocated in this frame doesn't
// escape it by accident.
set_cm_oop_closure(NULL);
double end_time_ms = os::elapsedVTime() * 1000.0;
double elapsed_time_ms = end_time_ms - _start_time_ms;
// Update the step history.
_step_times_ms.add(elapsed_time_ms);
if (has_aborted()) {
// The task was aborted for some reason.
if (_has_timed_out) {
double diff_ms = elapsed_time_ms - _time_target_ms;
// Keep statistics of how well we did with respect to hitting
// our target only if we actually timed out (if we aborted for
// other reasons, then the results might get skewed).
_marking_step_diffs_ms.add(diff_ms);
}
if (_cm->has_overflown()) {
// This is the interesting one. We aborted because a global
// overflow was raised. This means we have to restart the
// marking phase and start iterating over regions. However, in
// order to do this we have to make sure that all tasks stop
// what they are doing and re-initialize in a safe manner. We
// will achieve this with the use of two barrier sync points.
if (!is_serial) {
// We only need to enter the sync barrier if being called
// from a parallel context
_cm->enter_first_sync_barrier(_worker_id);
// When we exit this sync barrier we know that all tasks have
// stopped doing marking work. So, it's now safe to
// re-initialize our data structures. At the end of this method,
// task 0 will clear the global data structures.
}
// We clear the local state of this task...
clear_region_fields();
if (!is_serial) {
// ...and enter the second barrier.
_cm->enter_second_sync_barrier(_worker_id);
}
// At this point, if we're during the concurrent phase of
// marking, everything has been re-initialized and we're
// ready to restart.
}
}
}
使用 SATB 算法标记各个 region。
4. Pause Remark
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L323
// Delay remark pause for MMU.
double mark_end_time = os::elapsedVTime();
jlong mark_end = os::elapsed_counter();
_vtime_mark_accum += (mark_end_time - cycle_start);
delay_to_keep_mmu(g1_policy, true /* remark */);
if (cm()->has_aborted()) break;
// Pause Remark.
log_info(gc, marking)("%s (%.3fs, %.3fs) %.3fms",
cm_title,
TimeHelper::counter_to_seconds(mark_start),
TimeHelper::counter_to_seconds(mark_end),
TimeHelper::counter_to_millis(mark_end - mark_start));
mark_manager.set_phase(G1ConcurrentPhase::REMARK, false);
CMCheckpointRootsFinalClosure final_cl(_cm);
VM_CGC_Operation op(&final_cl, "Pause Remark");
VMThread::execute(&op);
首先等待 MMU(Minimum Mutator Utilisation) 达到条件，默认为 1 - MaxGCPauseMillis/GCPauseIntervalMillis。
Remark 是 STW 操作，具体逻辑封装在 CMCheckpointRootsFinalClosure 中。
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp#L1002
void G1ConcurrentMark::checkpoint_roots_final(bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
// world is stopped at this checkpoint
assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
"world should be stopped");
G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
// If a full collection has happened, we shouldn't do this.
if (has_aborted()) {
g1h->collector_state()->set_mark_in_progress(false); // So bitmap clearing isn't confused
return;
}
SvcGCMarker sgcm(SvcGCMarker::OTHER);
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
g1h->verifier()->verify(G1HeapVerifier::G1VerifyRemark, VerifyOption_G1UsePrevMarking, "During GC (before)");
}
g1h->verifier()->check_bitmaps("Remark Start");
G1Policy* g1p = g1h->g1_policy();
g1p->record_concurrent_mark_remark_start();
double start = os::elapsedTime();
checkpoint_roots_final_work();
double mark_work_end = os::elapsedTime();
weak_refs_work(clear_all_soft_refs);
if (has_overflown()) {
// We overflowed. Restart concurrent marking.
_restart_for_overflow = true;
// Verify the heap w.r.t. the previous marking bitmap.
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
g1h->verifier()->verify(G1HeapVerifier::G1VerifyRemark, VerifyOption_G1UsePrevMarking, "During GC (overflow)");
}
// Clear the marking state because we will be restarting
// marking due to overflowing the global mark stack.
reset_marking_state();
} else {
SATBMarkQueueSet& satb_mq_set = JavaThread::satb_mark_queue_set();
// We're done with marking.
// This is the end of the marking cycle, we're expected all
// threads to have SATB queues with active set to true.
satb_mq_set.set_active_all_threads(false, /* new active value */
true /* expected_active */);
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
g1h->verifier()->verify(G1HeapVerifier::G1VerifyRemark, VerifyOption_G1UseNextMarking, "During GC (after)");
}
g1h->verifier()->check_bitmaps("Remark End");
assert(!restart_for_overflow(), "sanity");
// Completely reset the marking state since marking completed
set_non_marking_state();
}
// Statistics
double now = os::elapsedTime();
_remark_mark_times.add((mark_work_end - start) * 1000.0);
_remark_weak_ref_times.add((now - mark_work_end) * 1000.0);
_remark_times.add((now - start) * 1000.0);
g1p->record_concurrent_mark_remark_end();
G1CMIsAliveClosure is_alive(g1h);
_gc_tracer_cm->report_object_count_after_gc(&is_alive);
}
处理 SATB 缓冲区，已经并发标记阶段的漏网之鱼。
5. Concurrent Create Live Data
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L354
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::CREATE_LIVE_DATA, this);
cm()->create_live_data();
6. Pause Cleanup
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L365
delay_to_keep_mmu(g1_policy, false /* cleanup */);
if (!cm()->has_aborted()) {
CMCleanUp cl_cl(_cm);
VM_CGC_Operation op(&cl_cl, "Pause Cleanup");
VMThread::execute(&op);
}
也是 STW 操作，具体逻辑封装在 CMCleanUp 中
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/g1ConcurrentMark.cpp#L1171
void G1ConcurrentMark::cleanup() {
// world is stopped at this checkpoint
assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
"world should be stopped");
G1CollectedHeap* g1h = G1CollectedHeap::heap();
// If a full collection has happened, we shouldn't do this.
if (has_aborted()) {
g1h->collector_state()->set_mark_in_progress(false); // So bitmap clearing isn't confused
return;
}
g1h->verifier()->verify_region_sets_optional();
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
g1h->verifier()->verify(G1HeapVerifier::G1VerifyCleanup, VerifyOption_G1UsePrevMarking, "During GC (before)");
}
g1h->verifier()->check_bitmaps("Cleanup Start");
G1Policy* g1p = g1h->g1_policy();
g1p->record_concurrent_mark_cleanup_start();
double start = os::elapsedTime();
HeapRegionRemSet::reset_for_cleanup_tasks();
{
GCTraceTime(Debug, gc)("Finalize Live Data");
finalize_live_data();
}
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
GCTraceTime(Debug, gc)("Verify Live Data");
verify_live_data();
}
g1h->collector_state()->set_mark_in_progress(false);
double count_end = os::elapsedTime();
double this_final_counting_time = (count_end - start);
_total_counting_time += this_final_counting_time;
if (log_is_enabled(Trace, gc, liveness)) {
G1PrintRegionLivenessInfoClosure cl("Post-Marking");
_g1h->heap_region_iterate(&cl);
}
// Install newly created mark bitMap as "prev".
swap_mark_bitmaps();
g1h->reset_gc_time_stamp();
uint n_workers = _g1h->workers()->active_workers();
// Note end of marking in all heap regions.
G1ParNoteEndTask g1_par_note_end_task(g1h, &_cleanup_list, n_workers);
g1h->workers()->run_task(&g1_par_note_end_task);
g1h->check_gc_time_stamps();
if (!cleanup_list_is_empty()) {
// The cleanup list is not empty, so we'll have to process it
// concurrently. Notify anyone else that might be wanting free
// regions that there will be more free regions coming soon.
g1h->set_free_regions_coming();
}
// call below, since it affects the metric by which we sort the heap
// regions.
if (G1ScrubRemSets) {
double rs_scrub_start = os::elapsedTime();
g1h->scrub_rem_set();
_total_rs_scrub_time += (os::elapsedTime() - rs_scrub_start);
}
// this will also free any regions totally full of garbage objects,
// and sort the regions.
g1h->g1_policy()->record_concurrent_mark_cleanup_end();
// Statistics.
double end = os::elapsedTime();
_cleanup_times.add((end - start) * 1000.0);
// Clean up will have freed any regions completely full of garbage.
// Update the soft reference policy with the new heap occupancy.
Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
if (VerifyDuringGC) {
g1h->verifier()->verify(G1HeapVerifier::G1VerifyCleanup, VerifyOption_G1UsePrevMarking, "During GC (after)");
}
g1h->verifier()->check_bitmaps("Cleanup End");
g1h->verifier()->verify_region_sets_optional();
// We need to make this be a "collection" so any collection pause that
// races with it goes around and waits for completeCleanup to finish.
g1h->increment_total_collections();
// Clean out dead classes and update Metaspace sizes.
if (ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark) {
ClassLoaderDataGraph::purge();
}
MetaspaceGC::compute_new_size();
// We reclaimed old regions so we should calculate the sizes to make
// sure we update the old gen/space data.
g1h->g1mm()->update_sizes();
g1h->allocation_context_stats().update_after_mark();
}
交换 mark bitmaps，整理堆，调整清理RSet。
7. Concurrent Complete Cleanup
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L379
// Check if cleanup set the free_regions_coming flag. If it
// hasn't, we can just skip the next step.
if (g1h->free_regions_coming()) {
// The following will finish freeing up any regions that we
// found to be empty during cleanup. We'll do this part
// without joining the suspendible set. If an evacuation pause
// takes place, then we would carry on freeing regions in
// case they are needed by the pause. If a Full GC takes
// place, it would wait for us to process the regions
// reclaimed by cleanup.
// Now do the concurrent cleanup operation.
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::COMPLETE_CLEANUP, this);
_cm->complete_cleanup();
// Notify anyone who's waiting that there are no more free
// regions coming. We have to do this before we join the STS
// (in fact, we should not attempt to join the STS in the
// interval between finishing the cleanup pause and clearing
// the free_regions_coming flag) otherwise we might deadlock:
// a GC worker could be blocked waiting for the notification
// whereas this thread will be blocked for the pause to finish
// while it's trying to join the STS, which is conditional on
// the GC workers finishing.
g1h->reset_free_regions_coming();
}
回收空 region
8. Concurrent Cleanup for Next Mark
// hotspot/share/gc/g1/concurrentMarkThread.cpp#L446
G1ConcPhase p(G1ConcurrentPhase::CLEANUP_FOR_NEXT_MARK, this);
_cm->cleanup_for_next_mark();
清理 bitmap 和 live data。
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