Fragment(1)

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.hzx.fragment_hello.MainActivity">

  <LinearLayout
      android:id="@+id/line"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="150dp"
      android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
      android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
      android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
      android:layout_marginTop="96dp"
      android:background="#CCCCCC"
      android:orientation="vertical">
  </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

f1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <CheckBox
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:text="CheckBox" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:text="Button" />
</LinearLayout>

HelloFragment.java

package com.example.hzx.fragment_hello;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by hzx on 2018/11/10.
 */

public class HelloFragment extends Fragment {
    //初始化Fragment,实例化在Fragment中的成员变量
    private Button button;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    //给Fragment加载UI的布局
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.f1,null);
        button = (Button)view.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Toast.makeText(getActivity(),"Hello world",1).show();
            }
        });
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
    }
}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.hzx.fragment_hello;

import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    //如何加载Fragment到Activity中
    private FragmentManager manager;
    private FragmentTransaction transaction;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        manager = getFragmentManager();
        transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
        HelloFragment helloFragment = new HelloFragment();
        transaction.add(R.id.line,helloFragment);
        transaction.commit();
    }
}

效果
当点击按钮时，会弹出"Hello world"

image.png

Fragment是Activity的子布局，也有自己的生命周期。