2.项目的基础配置

作者: 思绪太重_飘不动 | 来源:发表于2019-10-15 13:30 被阅读0次

1.配置mysql数据库

# 1.安装mysql
pip install pymysql
# 2.在工程的__init__.py中注册mysql
import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
# 3.在settings.py中配置mysql数据库
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',   # 使用mysql引擎
        'NAME': 'axf_db',    # 数据库名字
        'USER': 'root',        # 用户名称
        'PASSWORD': '123456',  # mysql密码
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',    # 域名
        'PORT': 3306    # 端口
    }
}

# mysql常用命令
    show databases;           查看数据库
    create database  db_name  charset='utf-8';   创建数据库
    drop database db_name;   删除数据库

2.rest-framework配置

# 1.安装django-rest-framework 和 django-fliter
    pip install djangorestframework
    pip install django-filter  
# 2.在settins.py中的配置
  INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',  # 添加rest-framework应用
]

# 3.rest-framework的分页, 过滤, 重构配置
# rest_framework配置
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 分頁配置
    'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    'PAGE_SIZE': 10,
    # 过滤
    'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': (
        'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend'
    ),
    # 重构renderer
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSER': (
        'utils.renderer.MyJsonRenderer',
    )
}

3.日志配置

# 1.在项目中创建 logs 包来存放日志文件
# 2.在项目中创建utils工具包用来存放自己封装的工具文件
# 3.在utlis中创建LogMiddleware.py文件来写日志中间键
# 4.LogMiddleware.py中间键的内容
import logging
from datetime import datetime

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

logger = logging.getLogger()


class LogMiddle(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self, request):
        # 请求进来的时间
        request.init_time = datetime.now()

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        try:
            # 耗时多长
            count_time = datetime.now() - request.init_time
            # 请求方式
            method = request.method
            # 请求地址
            path = request.path
            # 响应状态码
            status_code = response.status_code
            # 相应内容
            content = response.content

            logger.info("%s %s %s %s %s" % (count_time, method, path,
                                            status_code, content ))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.critical('系统错误, %s' % e)

        return response

# 在settins.py中的配置
# 配置中间键
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'utils.LogMiddleware.LogMiddle',  # 日志中间键
]

#日志配置文件
# 在项目中创建一个logs的文件夹
LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs')
LOGGING = {
    # 必须是1
    'version': 1,
    # 是否禁用日志, 默认为True
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    # 定义formatters组件,定义存储日志的格式
    'formatters': {
        'default': {
            'format': '%(levelno)s %(name)s %(asctime)s %(message)s'
        }
    },
    # 定义logger组件,用于接收日志信息
    'loggers': {
        '': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'INFO'
        }
    },
    # 定义handlers组件,用户写入日志信息
    'handlers': {
        'console': {
            'level': 'INFO',
            # 定义存储日志的文件
            'filename': '%s/log.txt' % LOG_PATH,
            # 指定写入日志中信息的格式
            'formatter': 'default',
            # 指定日志文件超过5M就自动备份
            'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
            'maxBytes': 5 * 1024 * 1024,
        }
    }
}

3. 中文配置

# 语言设置默认'en-us'英语， 改成中文 zh-hans
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
# 时区，默认UTC，改为中国上海时区Asia/Shanghai
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

4.配置reids缓存

# 配置django-redis,用缓存
CACHES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379",  # 服务器地址
        "OPTIONS": {
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
            # "CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100}#最大连接数
            # "PASSWORD": "密码",
        }
    }
}

5.其他配置,以后再加

# sttings.py大致配置
"""
Django settings for axf project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '@0^_gbpymhwlql=w779@98duo2%$%n$&_m99bii@2cs9!=*v40'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # 'corsheaders',  # 跨域应用
    'rest_framework',  # 添加rest-framework应用
    # 配置项目应用
    'user',
    'goods',
    'carts',
    'orders',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    # 'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',  # 跨域中间键
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'utils.LogMiddleware.LogMiddle',  # 日志中间键
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'axf.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'axf.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases
# 配置mysql数据库
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'axf_db',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': 3306
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/
# 语言设置默认'en-us'英语， 改成中文 zh-hans
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
# 时区，默认UTC，改为中国上海时区Asia/Shanghai
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'


# 跨域配置
# 跨域允许的请求方式,可以使用默认值,默认的请求方式
CORS_ALLOW_METHOSD = (
    'GET',       # 查询
    'POST',      # 创建
    'PUT',       # 修改
    'PATCH',     # 修改
    'DELETE',    # 删除
    'OPTIONS',
)

# 允许的跨域请求头,可以使用默认值,默认的请求头为:
# from corsheaders.defaults import default_headers
# CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = default_headers

CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = (
    'XMLHttpRequest',
    'x_FILENAME',
    'accept-encoding',
    'authorization',
    'content-type',
    'dnt',
    'origin',
    'user-agent',
    'x-csrftoken',
    'x-requested-with',
    'Pragma',
)

# 跨域求请时,是否运行携带cookie,默认为False
CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True

# 允许所有主机执行跨站点请求,默认为False
# 如果没设置参数,则必须设置白名单,运行部分白名单的主机才能执行跨站点请求
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True

# 配置django-redis,用缓存
CACHES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379",  # 服务器地址
        "OPTIONS": {
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
            # "CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100}#最大连接数
            # "PASSWORD": "密码",
        }
    }
}


# rest_framework配置
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 分頁配置
    # 'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
    # 'PAGE_SIZE': 10,
    # 过滤
    'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': (
        'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend'
    ),
    # 重构renderer
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSER': (
        'utils.renderer.MyJsonRenderer',
    )
}

# 日志配置
# 在项目中创建一个logs的文件夹
LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs')
LOGGING = {
    # 必须是1
    'version': 1,
    # 是否禁用日志, 默认为True
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    # 定义formatters组件,定义存储日志的格式
    'formatters': {
        'default': {
            'format': '%(levelno)s %(name)s %(asctime)s %(message)s'
        }
    },
    # 定义logger组件,用于接收日志信息
    'loggers': {
        '': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'level': 'INFO'
        }
    },
    # 定义handlers组件,用户写入日志信息
    'handlers': {
        'console': {
            'level': 'INFO',
            # 定义存储日志的文件
            'filename': '%s/log.txt' % LOG_PATH,
            # 指定写入日志中信息的格式
            'formatter': 'default',
            # 指定日志文件超过5M就自动备份
            'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
            'maxBytes': 5 * 1024 * 1024,
        }
    }
}

2.项目的基础配置

1.配置mysql数据库

2.rest-framework配置

3.日志配置

3. 中文配置

4.配置reids缓存

5.其他配置,以后再加

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