在使用git进行commit之后,提交代码进行push的时候,可能会遇到下面的问题:
To git@git.****.com:****/djangoProject.git
! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'git@git.****.com:****/djangoProject.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
出现这个问题的原因,是因为在本地commit完了之后,远端仓库上有别人提交了代码,进行了更新。
要解决这个问题,需要首先更新自己的本地代码。
运行
git pull
结果分为两种情况:
没有冲突
终端会显示:
remote: Counting objects: 4, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 4 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (4/4), done.
From git.sami.int.****.com:****/djangoProject
33d5978..a41fda9 master -> origin/master
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
dssWebPortal/views.py | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
表示git自动进行了merge,接下来再运行
git push
结果显示:
remote: Counting objects: 4, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 4 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (4/4), done.
From git.***.com:***/djangoProject
33d5978..a41fda9 master -> origin/master
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
dssWebPortal/views.py | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
提交代码成功。
有冲突
终端会显示:
Auto-merging dssWebPortal/tests.py
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in dssWebPortal/tests.py
Removing dssWebPortal/static/resources/PFExcel/p1.txt
Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
git尝试去进行merge,但是检测到了不能自动解决的冲突,需要用户手动merge,稍微复杂了一点。
先运行
git status
来查看当前文件状态
C:\Users\*****\www\django\mysite>git status
On branch master
Your branch and 'origin/master' have diverged,
and have 1 and 7 different commits each, respectively.
(use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
You have unmerged paths.
(fix conflicts and run "git commit")
Changes to be committed:
modified: dssWebPortal/dssTools.py
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/p10_factmaps_table.js
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/p1_pffields.js
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/p6_validaterule.js
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/p6_validaterule_table.js
deleted: dssWebPortal/static/resources/PFExcel/p1.txt
modified:
....
Unmerged paths:
(use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
both modified: dssWebPortal/tests.py
这里要引起注意,本地只修该了 tests.py,要解决的冲突也是这个文件。但是,与本地不一致的文件(由其他用户修改), 由于有一个冲突文件的存在,显示为changes to be commited。
这个意思也就是说,远端仓库有多个文件的修改,在执行完了pull之后,如果有若干个文件跟本地冲突,那么,有冲突的文件会显示为
Unmerged paths:
(use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
both modified: dssWebPortal/tests.py
而其他的文件则会是:
Changes to be committed:
modified: dssWebPortal/dssTools.py
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/common/leftMenus.js
modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/dssfield.js
...
用户接下来需要做的操作是:
-
解决冲突,手动merge test.py文件
-
运行 git add test.py, 把解决冲突后的文件add进来, 然后运行git status,显示
Changes to be committed: modified: dssWebPortal/dssTools.py modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/common/leftMenus.js modified: dssWebPortal/static/localjs/dssfield.js
-
把所有的这些文件进行 commit。
-
git push
-
遇到问题的话,再重复之前的步骤
切记,解决冲突文件后,不可以用本地的文件去覆盖没有冲突的文件, 不然就会导致远端仓库的代码丢失。
因为commit了两次,所以在gitlab上看到两条记录:
从Graph里看到是这个样子:
之所以会这样,是因为,本地用户在
add select version page, p2, p6 p10
这个状态时修改了代码,进行了commit为
update unit test
但是在还没有提交的时候,有其他用户向仓库进行了
url of p1
的提交。为了让代码进行一致,本地用户进行了以上的操作后,再次commit, 在gitlab上显示为一次 Merge
Merge branch 'master' of git.****.com:****/djangoProject
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