XML、沙箱、UserDefaults、归档、sqlite、co

作者: 我不白先生 | 来源:发表于2020-11-23 10:16 被阅读0次

xml:可扩展标记性语言
应用场景：1.用来封装网路数据（使用的不多更多的使用json）2.用来做配置文件

image.png

Book.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Book : NSObject
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *price;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *page;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *author;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *bookID;
@end

BookXMLParser.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Book.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface BookXMLParser : NSObject<NSXMLParserDelegate>
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSMutableArray *books;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *currentString;
-(NSArray *)parseBooksWithXMLFileName:(NSString *)name;
@end

BookXMLParser.m

#import "BookXMLParser.h"
@implementation BookXMLParser
-(NSArray *)parseBooksWithXMLFileName:(NSString *)name{
    self.books = [NSMutableArray array];
    NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:name ofType:@"xml"];
    //创建系统提供的解析类
    NSXMLParser *parser = [[NSXMLParser alloc]initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path]];
    parser.delegate = self;
    //开始解析
    [parser parse];
    return  self.books;
}
//didStartElement已经开始元素
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *,NSString *> *)attributeDict{
    NSLog(@"开始标签：%@",elementName);
    if([elementName isEqualToString:@"book"]){
        Book *b=[Book new];
        [self.books addObject:b];
        b.bookID = attributeDict[@"bookID"];
    }
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string{
    NSLog(@"发现文本:%@",string);
    self.currentString = string;
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(nonnull NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(nullable NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(nullable NSString *)qName{
    NSLog(@"结束标签:%@",elementName);
    Book *b = self.books.lastObject;
    if([elementName isEqualToString:@"name"]){
        b.name = self.currentString;
    }else  if([elementName isEqualToString:@"author"]){
        b.author = self.currentString;
    }else  if([elementName isEqualToString:@"price"]){
        b.price = self.currentString;
    }else  if([elementName isEqualToString:@"page"]){
        b.page = self.currentString;
    }
    
}
@end

books.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<books>
    <book bookID="1">
        <name>三国演义</name>
        <author>罗贯中</author>
        <price>10</price>
        <page>50</page>
        </book>
    <book bookID="2">
        <name>西游记</name>
        <author>吴承恩</author>
        <price>50</price>
        <page>100</page>
        </book>
    <book bookID="3">
        <name>红楼梦</name>
        <author>曹雪芹</author>
        <price>60</price>
        <page>200</page>
        </book>
    <book bookID="4">
        <name>水浒传</name>
        <author>施耐庵</author>
        <price>30</price>
        <page>150</page>
        </book>
</books>

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "BookXMLParser.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    BookXMLParser *parser = [[BookXMLParser alloc]init];
    NSArray *books = [parser parseBooksWithXMLFileName:@"books"];
}

解析方式有两种：
1.SAX解析：逐行解析节省资源步骤繁琐
2.Dom解析：把所有数据加载到内存中在内存中构建树桩结构使用简单

导入三方文件夹TBXML，并且为了顺利导入不报错需要创建PrefixHeader.pch
写入代码

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#define ARC_ENABLED
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

最后一定要创建pch路径

image.png

或者直接拖入pch路径也可
在项目里创建BookXMLParser.m

#import "BookXMLParser.h"
#import "Book.h"
#import "TBXML.h"
@implementation BookXMLParser
+(NSArray *)parserBookWithFileName:(NSString *)name{
    NSMutableArray *books = [NSMutableArray array];
    TBXML *tbXML = [[TBXML alloc]initWithXMLFile:name fileExtension:@"xml" error:nil];
    TBXMLElement *booksEle = tbXML.rootXMLElement;
    TBXMLElement *bookEle = [TBXML childElementNamed:@"book" parentElement:booksEle];
    while (bookEle) {
        Book *book = [Book new];
        book.bookID = [TBXML valueOfAttributeNamed:@"bookID" forElement:bookEle];
        TBXMLElement *nameEle = [TBXML childElementNamed:@"name" parentElement:bookEle];
        TBXMLElement *pageEle = [TBXML childElementNamed:@"page" parentElement:bookEle];
        TBXMLElement *authorEle = [TBXML childElementNamed:@"author" parentElement:bookEle];
        TBXMLElement *priceEle = [TBXML childElementNamed:@"price" parentElement:bookEle];
        book.price = [TBXML textForElement:priceEle];
        book.name = [TBXML textForElement:nameEle];
        book.page = [TBXML textForElement:pageEle];
        book.author = [TBXML textForElement:authorEle];
        [books addObject:book];
        //查找下个兄弟标签
        bookEle = [TBXML nextSiblingNamed:@"book" searchFromElement:bookEle];
    }
    return books;
}
@end

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "BookXMLParser.h"
@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    NSArray *books = [BookXMLParser parserBookWithFileName:@"books"];
}

沙箱：
Documents:文档最常打交道 iTunes会备份和恢复此文件的内容
Library/Caches:缓存文件夹用来保存缓存数据不会备份和恢复
Library/Preferences：用户偏好设置 iTunes会备份和恢复此文件夹的内容
tmp：临时文件夹存放临时文件不会备份和恢复此文件夹内容会不定时时删除
NSHomeDirectory()获得沙箱根目录的代码
ViewController.m

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    //得到沙箱的根目录
    NSString *homePath = NSHomeDirectory();
    //除了通过字符串拼接得到沙箱子文件夹路径之外 还提供了以下几种方式
    NSString *documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject;
    NSString *cachesPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES).firstObject;
    NSString *tmpPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();
    //
    NSLog(@"%@",homePath);
    NSLog(@"%@",documentsPath);
    NSLog(@"%@",cachesPath);
    NSLog(@"%@",tmpPath);
    NSString *filePath = [documentsPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"names.plist"];
    NSArray *names = @[@"a",@"b",@"c"];
    [names writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
}

数据持久化的四种方式

1.UserDefaults用户偏好设置用来保存小量数据时使用

image.png

分别拖入这三个控件
分别创建三个控件的属性和事件方法
注意文本控件的事件方法改为Editing change
其他两个空间的时间方法是value change
ViewController.m

@interface ViewController ()
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UISlider *mySlider;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *myTF;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UISegmentedControl *mySC;

@end

@implementation ViewController
- (IBAction)editAction:(UITextField *)sender {
    NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
     [ud setObject:sender.text forKey:@"text"];
     [ud synchronize];

}
- (IBAction)sliderAction:(UISlider *)sender {
   NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    [ud setFloat:sender.value forKey:@"value"];
    [ud synchronize];
}
- (IBAction)scAction:(UISegmentedControl *)sender {
    NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
     [ud setInteger:sender.selectedSegmentIndex forKey:@"index"];
     [ud synchronize];
}

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    self.myTF.text = [ud objectForKey:@"text"];
    self.mySC.selectedSegmentIndex =[ud integerForKey:@"index"];
    self.mySlider.value = [ud floatForKey:@"value"];   
}

归档需要把对象保存或者通过网络传输时把对象转成NSData
只有当实现了NSCoding协议的对象才能进行归档
归档1
ViewController.m

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
//    UIView *v =[[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200)];
//    v.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
//    [self.view addSubview:v];
    //通过归档把v 转换成NSData第一种方式
//    NSData *viewData = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:v];
//    [viewData writeToFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/view.arch" atomically:YES];
    //第二种方式简写
//    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:v toFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/view2.arch"];
    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:self.myView.subviews toFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/layout_4_0.arch"];
    
}
//-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//    //把nsdata转回对象（解档）第一种方法
////    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/view.arch"];
////    UIView *view = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:data];
////    [self.view addSubview:view];
//    //第二种方法
//    UIView *view = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/view.arch"];
//    [self.view addSubview:view];
}

归档之换版式练习

image.png

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *myView;
@property(nonatomic)int count;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:@"layout_4_0" ofType:@"arch"];
    NSArray *views = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:path];
    for(UIView *v in views){
        UIImageView *iv =[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:v.frame];
        iv.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"timg2"];
        [self.myView addSubview:iv];
    }
    [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:2 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer * _Nonnull timer) {
        self.count++;
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"layout_4_%d",self.count%4] ofType:@"arch"];
        NSArray *views = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:path];
        NSArray *imageViews = self.myView.subviews;
        for (NSInteger i = 0; i<imageViews.count; i++) {
            UIView *v = views[I];
            UIImageView *iv = imageViews[I];
            [UIView animateWithDuration:1 animations:^{
                iv.frame = v.frame;
            }];
        }
    }];
}

自定义对象的归档

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Person.h"
@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
  
}
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
  //保存用户
//    Person *p = [Person new];
//    p.name = @"xiaoming";
//    p.age = 9;
//    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:p toFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/person.arch"];
    /************** * 保存多个   *****************************/
    //获取之前保存的person
    NSArray *oldPersons = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/persons.arch"];
    //如果有之前的则取出之前的 没有则创建一个空数组
    NSMutableArray *newPersons = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:oldPersons];
    Person *p = [Person new];
    p.name = @"xiaoming";
    p.age = 58;
    [newPersons addObject:p];
    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:newPersons toFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/persons.arch"];
   
}
-(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//    Person *p = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/person.arch"];
//    NSLog(@"%@ %d",p.name,p.age);
    /************** *获取 保存多个person   *****************************/
    NSArray *oldPersons = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:@"/Users/zhengyang/Desktop/persons.arch"];
    for (NSInteger i = 0; i<oldPersons.count; i++) {
        Person *p = oldPersons[I];
        NSLog(@"%@   %d ====%ld",p.name,p.age,i);
    }
}
@end

sqlite(数据库)

image.png

FMDB是对SQLite API轻量级二次封装。所以整体使用思路还是类似SQLite API的思路。由于FMDB是基于SQLite API 的，所以使用FMDB也需要导入SQLite的动态库文件
FMDB中除了“查询”以外，任何操作都归属于“更新”行为。
coreData
欢迎页面练习
创建一个UIViewController的类WelcomViewController并带xib，将xib面板背景改为绿色
AppDelegate.m

#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "WelcomViewController.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate
@synthesize window = _window;

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    //得到之前的版本号
    NSString *oldVersion = [ud objectForKey:@"version"];
    NSDictionary *dic = [NSBundle mainBundle].infoDictionary;
    //得到当前版本号
    NSString *currentVersion = dic[@"CFBundleShortVersionString"];
    if (![oldVersion isEqualToString:currentVersion]) {
        //第一次运行
        //把程序的版本号保存到UserDefault里面
        [ud setObject:currentVersion forKey:@"version"];
        [ud synchronize];
        //显示欢迎页面
        self.window.rootViewController = [WelcomViewController new];
    }  
    return YES;
}

image.png

XML、沙箱、UserDefaults、归档、sqlite、co

数据持久化的四种方式

1.UserDefaults用户偏好设置用来保存小量数据时使用

相关文章

网友评论

延伸阅读

深度阅读

栏目导航

热点阅读

XML、沙箱、UserDefaults、归档、sqlite、co

数据持久化的四种方式

1.UserDefaults用户偏好设置 用来保存小量数据时使用

相关文章

网友评论

延伸阅读

深度阅读

栏目导航

热点阅读

1.UserDefaults用户偏好设置用来保存小量数据时使用