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(GeekBand)系统设计与实践 系统设计七剑客

(GeekBand)系统设计与实践 系统设计七剑客

作者: Linary_L | 来源:发表于2017-01-07 23:41 被阅读0次

    大纲

    • 同步
    • 网络
    • 数据库
    • 分布式
    • 性能
    • 估算
    • 面向对象
    案例
    • 社交网站信息流
    • 日志统计
    • 网络爬虫
    • 电商产品页面

    Concurrency

    Thread vs. Process

    Consumer and Producer

    Blockingqueue

    Tracking:(log记录)

    Synchronized(同步):每次请求直接写入磁盘

    Asynchronized(异步):先放入缓冲区,每隔一段时间刷新到磁盘上

    Network

    OSI模型(上到下封包)

    • Application Layer(*http1.0/1.1协议,应用层)
    • Presentaation Layer(应用层)
    • Session Layer(会话层)
    • Transport Layer(*TCP,UDP协议,传输层)
    • Network Layer(网络层)
    • Data Link Layer(数据连接层)
    • Physical Layer(物理层)

    Visit URL

    What happens after you typed a URL in your browser and pressed return key?

    (*寻址与建立链接是关键)

    1. 访问DNS
    2. DNS返回网页服务器IP地址
    3. 与网页服务器建立连接(三次无首,80端口)
    4. 浏览器与服务器建立http会话(接受数据)
    5. 浏览器解析数据,渲染网页
    6. 关闭浏览器,终止http会话

    Database

    Relational DB vs. KV Store(关系型数据库VS.KeyValue存储)

    Sharding vs. Clustering(分片VS.集群)

    TinyURL:

    Store the mapping from shortlink code to full URL.

    document:
    • code:varchar(8)
    • url:varchar(1000)
    • created_at:timestamp
    • We also need to store the reverse mapping from URL back to code.

    Distribute System

    How to scala Tiny URL service?(规模化Tiny URL服务)
    • Stateless frontend servers behind a load balancer(负载均衡)
    • Sharded/replicated database(on shortlink code)(数据库备份化)
    • Memcached to scala read traffic(逐层加cache提高性能)
    • Spread write load(平分化)
    • Locally buffered evevt tracking + async flush to high-throughput messagequeue
    • Use a distributed unique IDgenerator(64-bit)

    Performance

    Cache is KEY!
    • Numbers Everyone Should Know
    • L1 cache reference 0.5ns
    • Branch mispredict 5ns
    • L2 cache reference 7ns
    • Mutex lock/unlock 25ns
    • Main memory reference 100ns
    • Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 3,000ns
    • Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network 20,000ns
    • Read 1 MB sequentially from memory 250,000ns
    • Round trip within same datacenter 500,000ns
    • Disk seek 10,000,000ns
    • Read 1 MB sequentially from disk 20,000,000ns
    • Send packet CA->Netherlands->CA 150,000,000ns

    Estimation

    How many piano tuners are there in the entire world?
    Tiny URL:How much is total storage?
    • URL Length 10-1000 chars.
    • Total accumulated URL number 100M
    • New URL registrations are on the order 100,000/day(1/sec)
    • Redirect requests are on the order of 100M/day(1000/sec)

    Design Pattern

    23patterns
    • MVC(前后端分离,中间件连接)
    • Singleton(保证只有一个实例)
    • Factory(工业框架,生成一系列子类)
    • Iterator(迭代器,提供方法顺序访问聚合对象并且不暴露内部特征)
    • Decorator(装饰器,为对象添加额外职责)
    • Facade

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