parted:磁盘分区工作
命令详解
- 大于2TB的磁盘只能用parted分区，且需要将磁盘转化为GPT格式
语法格式
parted [option] [device]
| 选项参数 |
解释说明 |
| -l |
显示所有磁盘分区的信息 |
| -h |
查看帮助 |
例子
#parted -l
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 525MB 524MB primary xfs boot
2 525MB 21.5GB 20.9GB primary lvm
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 106MB 105MB primary ext4
2 106MB 316MB 210MB primary
3 316MB 630MB 315MB primary
4 630MB 735MB 105MB extended
5 631MB 684MB 52.4MB logical
6 685MB 735MB 50.3MB logical
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 2147MB 2147MB linux-swap(v1)
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.8GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 18.8GB 18.8GB xfs
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0
has been opened read-only.
Model: NECVMWar VMware IDE CDR10 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sr0: 4330MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 2048B/2048B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
2 4563kB 30.2MB 25.7MB primary
#parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
(parted) mklabel apt
parted: invalid token: apt
New disk label type?
New disk label type? ^C
Error: Expecting a disk label type.
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
(parted) mkpart
Partition type? primary/extended? primary
File system type? [ext2]? ext4
Start?
Start? 0
End? 500
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel?
Ignore/Cancel? Igonre
parted: invalid token: Igonre
Ignore/Cancel?
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 512B 500MB 500MB primary
(parted) mkpart primary 500 1000
(parted) mkpart
Partition type? primary/extended? primary
File system type? [ext2]? ext3
Start? 500
End? 1000
Warning: You requested a partition from 500MB to 1000MB (sectors 976562..1953125).
The closest location we can manage is 500MB to 500MB (sectors 976563..976895).
Is this still acceptable to you?
Yes/No? yes
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 512B 500MB 500MB primary
3 500MB 500MB 170kB primary
2 500MB 1000MB 500MB primary
(parted) q
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@lhf 20:04:19 /root]
#parted /dev/sdb mklabel apt Yes
parted: invalid token: apt
New disk label type? apt
parted: invalid token: apt
New disk label type? p
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost.
Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@lhf 20:04:40 /root]
#parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 500
Warning: You requested a partition from 0.00B to 500MB (sectors 0..976562).
The closest location we can manage is 8225kB to 502MB (sectors 16065..979964).
Is this still acceptable to you?
Yes/No? yes
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
[root@lhf 20:06:05 /root]
#parted /dev/sdb p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: pc98
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 8225kB 502MB 494MB primary
mkfs：创建Liunx文件系统
:alarm_clock:
命令说明
语法格式
mkfs [option] [filesys]
选项说明
| 选项说明 |
解释说明 |
| -t |
指定创建文件的系统类型 |
| -c |
创建文件系统时检测磁盘坏块 |
| -v |
显示详细信息 |
[root@lhf 20:06:41 /root]
#ls /sbin/mkfs.*
/sbin/mkfs.btrfs /sbin/mkfs.ext2 /sbin/mkfs.ext4 /sbin/mkfs.xfs
/sbin/mkfs.cramfs /sbin/mkfs.ext3 /sbin/mkfs.minix
例子
[root@lhf 20:19:38 /root]
#mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
60800 inodes, 242983 blocks
12149 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=249561088
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7600 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
dumpe2fs:导出ext2/ext3/ext4文件系统信息
命令详情
- 导出ext2/ext3/ext4文件系统内容的相关信息。例如：文件系统的组成包括超级块、块组、inode、block等信息。
语法格式
dumpe2fs [option] [device]
选项说明
| 选择参数 |
解释说明 |
| -b |
打印文件预留的块信息 |
| -h |
仅提供超级块信息 |
| -i |
从指定的文件系统映射文件读取文件的系统信息 |
| -x |
已16进制格式打印信息块成员 |
例子
[root@lhf 21:06:31 /root]
#dumpe2fs /dev/sdb1 | egrep -i "inode size|inode count"
dumpe2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Inode count: 60800
Inode size: 256
[root@lhf 21:06:48 /root]
#df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 18317312 28371 18288941 1% /
devtmpfs 122555 393 122162 1% /dev
tmpfs 125166 1 125165 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 125166 480 124686 1% /run
tmpfs 125166 13 125153 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 512000 330 511670 1% /boot
tmpfs 125166 1 125165 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 60800 11 60789 1% /mnt
#dumpe2fs /dev/sdb1 | egrep -i "block size|block count"
dumpe2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Block count: 242983
Reserved block count: 12149
Block size: 4096
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