大家好!这周的“每周一段”选自 7 月 4 日《经济学人》Leaders 板块的 Why it's worth reading crazy-sounding scenarios about the future 一文,文章讨论了预测未来的价值。
一、文本
It is wrong to see sci-fi as chiefly predictive, however. Its contemplation of the future is often a commentary on the present: many sci-fi authors take current concerns, from robots to climate chaos to gender politics, to the logical extremes and consider their implications. As a result, sci-fi can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for technological, social and political trends. But sci-fi does directly shape the future in one concrete way: the tech industry is full of people trying to make it come true.
译文:
然而,把科幻小说看作是主要的预测手段是错误的。它对未来的思考往往是对现实的评论: 许多科幻作家在符合逻辑的情况下,将机器人、气候混乱和性别政治等时事极端化,并考虑其背后的影响。因此,科幻作为技术、社会和政治趋势的前向扫描雷达,可以发挥有益的作用。但科幻小说确实以一种具体的方式直接塑造了未来: 科技行业里到处都是试图将科幻作品中的想象变为现实的人。
二、段落解读
这篇短文写得很好,观点、语言俱佳。全文共 5 段,适合做精读、临摹和背诵。选段摘自文章的第 3 段道理论证部分,一共 4 句话,讨论了科幻小说容易被忽略的现实意义。
很多时候我们写作写不出来是因为没有观点,或者只有模糊的想法,但却无法表达出来。这段话就把“科幻小说其实有很强的现实意义”这个观点给清晰、具体地表达出来了。遇到这样的段落,我们可以问自己同样的观点我自己会怎么写?《经济学人》是怎么写的?我为什么写不出来?区别真的只是语言吗?然后我们可以通过反复阅读甚至背诵来试着回答这些问题,在积累中学习。
这段第 2 句和第 4 句中都使用了冒号,值得体会。冒号看似简单,不值一提,但却是写作中非常有用、高效的工具:我们可以先表达一个比较概括、抽象的意思,然后在冒号后面给出具体的解释或例子。从视觉上来看,冒号还可以帮助读者快速区分重要信息(一般在冒号前)和次重要信息(一般在冒号后),方便读者高效处理信息。
三、句子学习
临摹:提炼句型+造句
临摹句子 1:It is wrong to see sci-fi as chiefly predictive, however.
提炼出句型:It is wrong to see X as chiefly Y, however.
造句示范:
比如非洲某个国家内部两个民族之间有冲突,表明上是文化上的冲突,但背后的真正原因可能是经济、信仰等其他方面的。就可以说:
It is wrong to see the conflict as chiefly cultural, however.
这个句式本身比较简单,但要能驾驭其实比较难,因为需要用形容词(Y)去评价某事物(X),对使用者的形容词积累要求比较高。我们只要对这样的句型有意识就好。
临摹句子 2:As a result, sci-fi can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for technological, social and political trends.
提炼出句型:As a result, X can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for Y trends.(注意这里的 Y 可以是形容词,也可以是可用作修饰词的名词)
造句示范:
a) As a result, major shopping malls can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for consumption trends.(我们从一些大型商场可以看到一些消费趋势)
b) As a result, Silicon Valley can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for global innovation trends.(我们从硅谷可以看到一些全球的创新趋势)
c) As the hardware hub in China, Shenzhen can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for the newest manufacturing trends.(我们可以从深圳看到制造业趋势)
2)可直接背诵和使用的句子
a) It is wrong to see sci-fi as chiefly predictive, however.
b) Its contemplation of the future is often a commentary on the present: many sci-fi authors take current concerns, from robots to climate chaos to gender politics, to the logical extremes and consider their implications.
c) As a result, sci-fi can play a useful role as a forward-scanning radar for technological, social and political trends.
d) But sci-fi does directly shape the future in one concrete way: the tech industry is full of people trying to make it come true.
五、作业
在下方评论区完成练习作业:
1)参考第三部分的句型造句,造句时可以用中文写出具体的语境。可以选择练习写一个或多个句式。
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