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Spring Security + JWT 前后端分离

Spring Security + JWT 前后端分离

作者: habit_learning | 来源:发表于2019-01-15 20:29 被阅读133次

    Spring Security

    1、基本简介

    SpringSecurity 是企业应用系统的权限管理框架,应用的安全性包括用户认证(Authentication)和用户授权(Authorization)两个部分。用户认证一般要求用户提供用户名和密码。系统通过校验用户名和密码来完成认证过程,用户授权指的是验证某个用户是否有权限执行某个操作。在一个系统中,不同用户所具有的权限是不同的。spring security的主要核心功能为认证和授权,所有的架构也是基于这两个核心功能去实现的。

    2、框架原理

    总所周知,想要对 Web 资源进行控制,最好的莫过于加 Filter;想要对方法调用进行控制,最好的办法莫过于 AOP。所以 SpringSecurity 在我们进行用户认证以及授权权限的时候,通过各种各样的 Filter 来控制权限的访问。


    • 框架的核心组件
    1. SecurityContextHolder:提供对 SecurityContext 的访问,底层封装了 ThreadLocal,使其管理的对象(SecurityContext )存储在当前线程上;
    2. SecurityContext,:持有 Authentication 对象和其他可能需要的信息;
    3. AuthenticationManager 其中可以包含多个AuthenticationProvider;
    4. ProviderManager 对象为 AuthenticationManager 接口的实现类;
    5. AuthenticationProvider 主要用来进行认证操作的类 调用其中的 authenticate() 方法去进行认证操作;
    6. Authentication:Spring Security 方式的认证主体;
    7. GrantedAuthority:对认证主题的应用层面的授权,含当前用户的权限信息,通常使用角色表示;
    8. UserDetails:构建Authentication对象必须的信息,可以自定义,可能需要访问DB得到;
    9. UserDetailsService:通过username构建UserDetails对象,通过loadUserByUsername根据userName获取UserDetail对象 (可以在这里基于自身业务进行自定义的实现 如通过数据库,xml,缓存获取等)。

    3、认证流程说明

    我们直接看 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 类:

    public class UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {
        public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
            // 必须 POST 请求
            if (this.postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
                throw new AuthenticationServiceException("Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod());
            } else {
                // 获取用户名,密码
                String username = this.obtainUsername(request);
                String password = this.obtainPassword(request);
                if (username == null) {
                    username = "";
                }
    
                if (password == null) {
                    password = "";
                }
    
                username = username.trim();
                // 生成 Token
                UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
                this.setDetails(request, authRequest);
                // 进行验证
                return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
            }
        }
    }
    

    attemptAuthentication方法中,主要是进行 username 和 password 请求值的获取,然后再生成一个UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken 对象,进行验证。
    不过我们可以先看看UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken的构造方法:

    public UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Object credentials) {
            // 设置空权限
            super(null);
            // 设置用户名
            this.principal = principal;
            // 设置密码
            this.credentials = credentials;
            // 设置是否通过了校验
            setAuthenticated(false);
        }
    

    其实UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken是继承于Authentication,该对象是处理登录成功回调方法中的一个参数,里面包含了用户信息、请求信息等参数。
    接下来我们看:
    this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
    这里有一个AuthenticationManager,但是真正调用的是ProviderManager

    public class ProviderManager implements AuthenticationManager, MessageSourceAware,InitializingBean {
      public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
                throws AuthenticationException {
            Class<? extends Authentication> toTest = authentication.getClass();
            AuthenticationException lastException = null;
            Authentication result = null;
            boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();
    
            for (AuthenticationProvider provider : getProviders()) {
                // 判断是否有provider支持该 Authentication
                if (!provider.supports(toTest)) {
                    continue;
                }
    
                try {
                    // 真正的逻辑判断
                    result = provider.authenticate(authentication);
    
                    if (result != null) {
                        copyDetails(authentication, result);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                catch (AccountStatusException e) {
                    prepareException(e, authentication);
                    // SEC-546: Avoid polling additional providers if auth failure is due to
                    // invalid account status
                    throw e;
                }
                ...
    }
    
    1. 这里首先通过provider判断是否支持当前传入进来的Authentication,目前我们使用的是UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken,因为除了帐号密码登录的方式,还会有其他的方式,比如SocialAuthenticationToken
    2. 根据我们目前所使用的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationTokenprovider对应的是DaoAuthenticationProvider
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
                throws AuthenticationException {
    
            // Determine username
            String username = (authentication.getPrincipal() == null) ? "NONE_PROVIDED" : authentication.getName();
    
            boolean cacheWasUsed = true;
            UserDetails user = this.userCache.getUserFromCache(username);
            if (user == null) {
                cacheWasUsed = false;   
                // 1.获取 UserDetails
                user = retrieveUser(username, (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken) authentication);
            }
            try {
                // 2.用户信息预检查
                preAuthenticationChecks.check(user);
                // 3.附加的信息检查(密码检查)
                additionalAuthenticationChecks(user, (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken) authentication);
            }
            catch (AuthenticationException exception) {
        
            }
            // 4.最后的检查
            postAuthenticationChecks.check(user);
            // 5.返回真正经过认证的 Authentication 
            return createSuccessAuthentication(principalToReturn, authentication, user);
    }
    
    1. 去调用自己实现的UserDetailsServiceloadUserByUsername方法,返回UserDetails
    2. UserDetails的信息进行校验,主要是帐号是否被冻结,是否过期,用户是否可用等
    3. 对密码进行检查,这里调用了PasswordEncoder
    4. 检查UserDetailsisCredentialsNonExpired是否可用
    5. 返回经过认证的Authentication

    这里的两次对UserDetails的检查,主要就是通过它的四个返回boolean类型的方法。经过信息的校验之后,通过UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken的构造方法,返回了一个经过认证的Authentication
    拿到经过认证的Authentication之后,会再去调用successHandler,或者未通过认证,去调用failureHandler

    在通过attemptAuthentication方法之后,如果认证成功,会调用successfulAuthentication,该方法中,不仅调用了successHandler,还有一行比较重要的代码SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authResult); ``SecurityContextHolder是对于ThreadLocal的封装。 ThreadLocal是一个线程内部的数据存储类,通过它可以在指定的线程中存储数据,数据存储以后,只有在指定线程中可以获取到存储的数据,对于其他线程来说则无法获取到数据。

    JWT

    JSON Web Token (JWT) 是 JSON 格式的被加密了的字符串。在传统的用户登录认证中,都是基于session的登录认证。用户登录成功,服务端会保存一个session,当然会给客户端一个 sessionId,客户端会把 sessionId 保存在cookie中,每次请求都会携带这个 sessionId。
    cookie+session这种模式通常是保存在内存中,而且服务从单服务到多服务会面临的session共享问题,随着用户量的增多,开销就会越大。而 JWT 不是这样的,只需要服务端生成token,客户端保存这个token,每次请求携带这个token,服务端认证解析。

    JWT 的构成

    JWT 由三部分构成,第一部分为头部(header),第二部分为载荷(playload),第三部分是签证(signature)。

    header

    JWT 的头部承载两部分信息:

    • 声明类型,这里是 JWT
    • 声明加密的算法,通常直接使用 HMAC SHA256

    完整的头部如下:

    {
    "typ": "JWT",
    "alg": "HS256"
    }
    

    然后将头部进行base64加密(该加密是可以对称解密的),构成了第一部分。

    playload

    载荷就是存放有效信息的地方,这些有效信息包含三个部分

    • 标准中注册的声明(Registered claims)
    • 公共的声明(Public claims)
    • 私有的声明(Private claims)
    标准中注册的声明(建议但不强制使用)
    • iss: jwt 签发者
    • sub: jwt 所面向的用户
    • aud: 接收 jwt 的一方
    • exp: jwt 的过期时间,这个过期时间必须大于签发时间
    • nbf: 定义在什么时间之前,该 jwt 都不可用
    • iat: jwt 的签发时间
    • jti: jwt 的唯一标识
    公共的声明

    公共的声明可以添加任何的信息,一般添加用户的相关信息或其他业务需要的必要信息。但不建议添加敏感信息,因为该部分在客户端可解密。

    私有的声明

    私有声明是提供者和消费者所共同定义的声明,一般不建议存放敏感信息,因为base64是对称解密的,意味着该部分信息可以归类为明文信息。
    定义一个 playload:

    {
    "name":"Free码农",
    "age":"28",
    "org":"今日头条"
    }
    

    然后将其进行base64加密,得到 jwt 的第二部分。

    signature(签名)

    JWT 的第三部分是一个签证信息,这个签证信息由三部分组成,base64编译过的 header 和 playload,以及一个 secret 秘钥。签名算法是 header 中指定的那个。签名公式为:HMACSHA256(base64UrlEncode(header) + "." + base64UrlEncode(payload), secret)
    签名是用于验证消息在传递过程中有没有被更改,并且,对于使用私钥签名的token,它还可以验证 JWT的发送方是否为它所指定的发送方。

    JWT 的三个部分,是以.分隔的。如:eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJvcmciOiLku4rml6XlpLTmnaEiLCJuYW1lIjoiRnJlZeeggeWGnCIsImV4cCI6MTUxNDM1NjEwMywiaWF0IjoxNTE0MzU2MDQzLCJhZ2UiOiIyOCJ9.49UF72vSkj-sA4aHHiYN5eoZ9Nb4w5Vb45PsLF7x_NY

    SpringSecurity + JWT 代码实现

    • 导入依赖
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
                <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.0</version>
            </dependency>
    
    • 首先创建一个 JwtUser 实现 UserDetails
      org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails
      先看一下这个接口的源码,其实很简单
    public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
    
        Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();
    
        String getUsername();
    
        boolean isAccountNonExpired();
    
        boolean isAccountNonLocked();
    
        boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();
    
        boolean isEnabled();
    }
    

    这个是Spring Security给我们提供的一个简单的接口,因为我们需要通过SecurityContextHolder去取得用户凭证等等信息。

    package com.yongda.security;
    
    import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    
    /**
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/10
     */
    public class JwtUser implements UserDetails {
    
        private String username;
    
        private String password;
    
        private Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;
    
        public JwtUser(String username, String password, Integer state, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;
            this.state = state;
            this.authorities = authorities;
        }
    
        @Override
        public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
            return authorities;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
    
        // 账户是否未过期
        @Override
        public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
            return true;
        }
    
        // 账户是否未被锁
        @Override
        public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
            return true;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean isEnabled() {
            return true;
        }
    }
    
    • 编写一个工具类来生成令牌等操作
    package com.yongda.security;
    
    import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
    import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
    import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
    import lombok.Data;
    import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * 生成令牌,验证等等一些操作
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/10
     */
    @Data
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jwt")
    @Component
    public class JwtTokenUtil {
    
        private String secret;
    
        // 过期时间 毫秒
        private Long expiration;
    
        private String header;
    
        /**
         * 从数据声明生成令牌
         *
         * @param claims 数据声明
         * @return 令牌
         */
        private String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {
            Date expirationDate = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration);
            return Jwts.builder().setClaims(claims).setExpiration(expirationDate).signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret).compact();
        }
    
        /**
         * 从令牌中获取数据声明
         *
         * @param token 令牌
         * @return 数据声明
         */
        private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {
            Claims claims;
            try {
                claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                claims = null;
            }
            return claims;
        }
    
        /**
         * 生成令牌
         *
         * @param userDetails 用户
         * @return 令牌
         */
        public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
            Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(2);
            claims.put(Claims.SUBJECT, userDetails.getUsername());
            claims.put(Claims.ISSUED_AT, new Date());
            return generateToken(claims);
        }
    
        /**
         * 从令牌中获取用户名
         *
         * @param token 令牌
         * @return 用户名
         */
        public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
            String username;
            try {
                Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
                username = claims.getSubject();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                username = null;
            }
            return username;
        }
    
        /**
         * 判断令牌是否过期
         *
         * @param token 令牌
         * @return 是否过期
         */
        public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
            try {
                Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
                Date expiration = claims.getExpiration();
                return expiration.before(new Date());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 刷新令牌
         *
         * @param token 原令牌
         * @return 新令牌
         */
        public String refreshToken(String token) {
            String refreshedToken;
            try {
                Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);
                claims.put(Claims.ISSUED_AT, new Date());
                refreshedToken = generateToken(claims);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                refreshedToken = null;
            }
            return refreshedToken;
        }
    
        /**
         * 验证令牌
         *
         * @param token       令牌
         * @param userDetails 用户
         * @return 是否有效
         */
        public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
            JwtUser user = (JwtUser) userDetails;
            String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);
            return (username.equals(user.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));
        }
    }
    

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jwt")读取配置文件以 "jwt" 前缀的配置信息。

    • 编写一个 Filter
    package com.yongda.filter;
    
    import com.yongda.security.JwtTokenUtil;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
    import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
    import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;
    
    import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 拦截器
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/11
     */
    @Component
    public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
        @Autowired
        private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    
        @Override
        protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
            String token = request.getHeader(jwtTokenUtil.getHeader());
            if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {
                String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(token);
                if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null){
                    UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
                    if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token, userDetails)){
                        // 将用户信息存入 authentication,方便后续校验
                        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                        authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
                        // 将 authentication 存入 ThreadLocal,方便后续获取用户信息
                        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                    }
                }
            }
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        }
    }
    

    此过滤器主要是验证令牌的合法性,如果令牌合法,则获取用户信息,并且存入SecurityContextHolder

    • JwtUserDetailsServiceImpl
      JwtUserDetailsServiceImpl这个实现类是实现了UserDetailsServiceUserDetailsService是 Spring Security 进行身份验证的时候会使用,我们这里就一个加载用户信息的简单方法loadUserByUsername,就是得到当前登录用户的一些用户名、密码、用户所拥有的角色等等一些信息。
    package com.yongda.security;
    
    import com.yongda.model.Role;
    import com.yongda.model.User;
    import com.yongda.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.stream.Collectors;
    
    /**
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/11
     */
    @Service
    public class JwtUserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        @Override
        public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
            User user = userService.findByUsername(username);
            if (user == null) {
                throw new UsernameNotFoundException(String.format("%s.这个用户不存在", username));
            }
            List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = user.getRoles().stream().map(Role::getRolename).map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());
            return new JwtUser(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.getState(), authorities);
        }
    }
    
    • 自定义登录成功之后的操作类 MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler
    package com.yongda.security.handler;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import com.yongda.exception.CodeMsg;
    import com.yongda.exception.Result;
    import com.yongda.security.JwtTokenUtil;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
    import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 登录成功操作
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/15
     */
    @Component
    @Slf4j
    public class MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    
        @Autowired
        private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
            UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails) authentication.getPrincipal();
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
            String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails);
            renderToken(httpServletResponse, token);
        }
    
        /**
         * 渲染返回 token 页面,因为前端页面接收的都是Result对象,故使用application/json返回
         *
         * @param response
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public void renderToken(HttpServletResponse response, String token) throws IOException {
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
            String str = JSONObject.toJSONString(Result.succes(token));
            out.write(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }
    

    实现接口AuthenticationSuccessHandler,登录成功,把用户信息存入SecurityContextHolder,并且生成token返回给前端。

    • 自定义登录失败操作类 MyAuthenticationFailureHandler
    package com.yongda.security.handler;
    
    import com.yongda.exception.CodeMsg;
    import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 登录失败操作
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/15
     */
    @Component
    public class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
        @Override
        public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
            CodeMsg.USERNAME_OR_PWD_ERROR.renderError(httpServletResponse);
        }
    }
    

    实现接口AuthenticationFailureHandler,登录失败,直接返回错误信息给前端。

    • 自定义身份认证失败处理类 EntryPointUnauthorizedHandler
    package com.yongda.security.handler;
    
    import com.yongda.exception.CodeMsg;
    import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
    import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 身份校验失败处理器,如 token 错误
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/11
     */
    @Component
    public class EntryPointUnauthorizedHandler implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
        @Override
        public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
            CodeMsg.AUTH_FAILURE.renderError(response);
        }
    }
    

    实现接口AuthenticationEntryPointtoken失效或者错误,直接返回前端认证失败信息。

    • 自定义权限不足处理类 RestAccessDeniedHandler
    package com.yongda.security.handler;
    
    import com.yongda.exception.CodeMsg;
    import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
    import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 权限校验处理器
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/11
     */
    @Component
    public class RestAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
        @Override
        public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
            CodeMsg.ACCESS_DENIED.renderError(response);
        }
    }
    

    实现接口AccessDeniedHandler,权限不足信息返回给前端。

    • WebSecurityConfig
      这个就是Spring Security 的配置类
    package com.yongda.config;
    
    import com.yongda.filter.JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
    import com.yongda.security.handler.EntryPointUnauthorizedHandler;
    import com.yongda.security.handler.MyAuthenticationFailureHandler;
    import com.yongda.security.handler.MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
    import com.yongda.security.handler.RestAccessDeniedHandler;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
    import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configurers.ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer;
    import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
    import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
    import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
    import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsUtils;
    import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
    import org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter;
    
    /**
     * Spring Security 配置类
     * @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity 开启注解的权限控制,默认是关闭的。
     * prePostEnabled:使用表达式实现方法级别的控制,如:@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
     * securedEnabled: 开启 @Secured 注解过滤权限,如:@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
     * jsr250Enabled: 开启 @RolesAllowed 注解过滤权限,如:@RolesAllowed("ROLE_ADMIN")
     *
     * @author K. L. Mao
     * @create 2019/1/11
     */
    @EnableWebSecurity
    @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
    public class WebSecurity extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
        @Autowired
        private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
        @Autowired
        private JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
        @Autowired
        private EntryPointUnauthorizedHandler entryPointUnauthorizedHandler;
        @Autowired
        private RestAccessDeniedHandler restAccessDeniedHandler;
        @Autowired
        private MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler myAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
        @Autowired
        private MyAuthenticationFailureHandler myAuthenticationFailureHandler;
    
        /**
         * 从容器中取出 AuthenticationManagerBuilder,执行方法里面的逻辑之后,放回容器
         * @param authenticationManagerBuilder
         * @throws Exception
         */
        @Autowired
        public void configureAuthentication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder) throws Exception {
            authenticationManagerBuilder.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
        }
    
        private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
            return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            /**
             * 在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 之前添加 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter
              */
            http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    
            http.csrf().disable().sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                    .and().authorizeRequests()
                    .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll()
                    // 角色校验时,会自动拼接 "ROLE_"
                    .antMatchers("/user/**").hasAnyRole("ADMIN","USER")
                    .antMatchers("/non-auth/**").permitAll()
                    .anyRequest().authenticated()   // 任何请求,登录后可以访问
                    .and().formLogin().loginProcessingUrl("/login")
                    .successHandler(myAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
                    .failureHandler(myAuthenticationFailureHandler)
                    .and().headers().cacheControl();
    
            ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer<HttpSecurity>.ExpressionInterceptUrlRegistry registry = http.authorizeRequests();
            //让Spring security 放行所有preflight request(cors 预检请求)
            registry.requestMatchers(CorsUtils::isPreFlightRequest).permitAll();
            // 处理异常情况:认证失败和权限不足
            http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(entryPointUnauthorizedHandler).accessDeniedHandler(restAccessDeniedHandler);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public CorsFilter corsFilter(){
            UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource configurationSource = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
            CorsConfiguration cors = new CorsConfiguration();
            cors.setAllowCredentials(true);
            cors.addAllowedOrigin("*");
            cors.addAllowedHeader("*");
            cors.addAllowedMethod("*");
            configurationSource.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", cors);
            return new CorsFilter(configurationSource);
        }
    }
    

    @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity 开启注解的权限控制,默认是关闭的。

    • prePostEnabled:使用表达式实现方法级别的控制,如:@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
    • securedEnabled: 开启 @Secured 注解过滤权限,如:@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
    • jsr250Enabled: 开启 @RolesAllowed 注解过滤权限,如:@RolesAllowed("ROLE_ADMIN")

    通过AuthenticationManagerBuilder将我们自定义的JwtUserDetailsServiceImpl和加密方式BCryptPasswordEncoder进行赋值。

    http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter之前添加 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter,让所有请求先到JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter

    formLogin().loginProcessingUrl("/login")指定登录请求路径,该路径会走UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter进行登录操作。必须是POST请求,而且是FORM表单传参,不能JSON传参。

    successHandler(myAuthenticationSuccessHandler)登录成功处理器,failureHandler(myAuthenticationFailureHandler)登录失败处理器。

    http.exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(entryPointUnauthorizedHandler).accessDeniedHandler(restAccessDeniedHandler);捕捉权限控制异常,如果是身份认证异常,就走entryPointUnauthorizedHandler,如果是权限不足异常,则走restAccessDeniedHandler

    至此,SpringSecurity 和 JWT 的集成配置完毕!!!

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