命令行备份：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 14 20:09:46 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: SHLT (DBID=62565412)

RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/123.ctl';
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/Full%U.bak';

脚本备份：

#!/bin/bash
# name: rman.sh
# date: 2019-01-14

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile
RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman
export RMAN
$RMAN  nocatalog TARGET / log  /home/oracle/rmanbackup/rman.log  <<EOF >/dev/null
backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/123.ctl';
backup database format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/Full%U.bak';
backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rmanbackup/234.ctl';
exit
EOF

---

直接拷贝文件进行备份：

█ 拷贝控制文件:
/home/oracle/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs
initDATAONE.ora
orapwDATAONE
spfileDATAONE.ora

/home/oracle/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin
listener.ora
tnsnames.ora

█ 拷贝备份文件：
[oracle@web1 oracle10g]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Jan 14 16:19:54 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/system01.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/undotbs01.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/sysaux01.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/users01.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/bjccod_001.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/record_001.dbf
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/BJORA2.dbf

7 rows selected.

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

    GROUP# STATUS     TYPE
---------- -------------- --------------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_REC
------
     1        ONLINE
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/redo01.log
NO

     2        ONLINE
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/redo02.log
NO

    GROUP# STATUS     TYPE
---------- -------------- --------------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_REC
------

     3        ONLINE
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/redo03.log
NO

     4        STANDBY
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/stdby_redo04.log

    GROUP# STATUS     TYPE
---------- -------------- --------------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_REC
------
NO

     5        STANDBY
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/stdby_redo05.log
NO

     6        STANDBY

    GROUP# STATUS     TYPE
---------- -------------- --------------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_REC
------
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/stdby_redo06.log
NO

     7        STANDBY
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/stdby_redo07.log
NO


7 rows selected.

SQL> show parameter control

NAME                     TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time        integer
7
control_files                string
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/control01.ctl, 
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/control02.ctl, 
/home/oracle/oracle10g/oradata/DATAONE/control03.ctl
SQL>