部署基于Maven的war文件到Tomcat

在本教程中，我们将学习如何使用Maven的Tomcat插件打包并部署一个WAR文件到Tomcat(Tomcat的6和7。

要用到工具：

1. Maven 3
2. Tomcat 6.0.37
3. Tomcat 7.0.53

Tomcat 7

发布URL =

http://localhost:8080/manager/text

命令 = mvn tomcat7:deploy

Tomcat 6
发布 URL = http://localhost:8080/manager/
命令 = mvn tomcat6:deploy

1. Tomcat 7 示例

这个例子说明了如何在Tomcat7打包并部署WAR文件。

1.1 Tomcat 认证
添加具有角色管理器GUI和管理脚本的用户。

%TOMCAT7_PATH%/conf/tomcat-users.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>

    <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
    <role rolename="manager-script"/>
    <user username="admin" password="password" roles="manager-gui,manager-script" />

</tomcat-users>

1.2 Maven 认证
添加在上面Maven 设置文件的 Tomcat 用户，是之后Maven使用此用户来登录Tomcat服务器。

%MAVEN_PATH%/conf/settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings ...>
    <servers>
       
        <server>
            <id>TomcatServer</id>
            <username>admin</username>
            <password>password</password>
        </server>

    </servers>
</settings>

1.3 Tomcat7 Maven 插件
声明一个Maven的Tomcat插件。

pom.xml

    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <configuration>
            <url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
            <server>TomcatServer</server>
            <path>/yiibaiWebApp</path>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>

怎么运行的？
在部署过程中，它告诉 Maven 通过部署 WAR 文件Tomcat服务器， “http://localhost:8080/manager/text” , 在路径“/yiibaiWebApp“上, 使用 “TomcatServer” (settings.xml) 用户名和密码来进行认证。

1.4 发布到Tomcat
以下的命令是用来操纵Tomcat WAR文件。

mvn tomcat7:deploy 
mvn tomcat7:undeploy 
mvn tomcat7:redeploy

示例

> mvn tomcat7:deploy

...
[INFO] Deploying war to http://localhost:8080/yiibaiWebApp
Uploading: http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=%2FyiibaiWebApp&update=true
Uploaded: http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=%2FyiibaiWebApp&update=true (13925 KB at 35250.9 KB/sec)

[INFO] tomcatManager status code:200, ReasonPhrase:OK
[INFO] OK - Deployed application at context path /yiibaiWebApp
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 8.507 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-08-05T11:35:25+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 28M/308M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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2. Tomcat 6 示例

这个例子说明了如何在Tomcat6打包和部署WAR文件。这些步骤和Tomcat7是一样的，只是部署URL和命令名称不同。

2.1 Tomcat 认证

%TOMCAT6_PATH%/conf/tomcat-users.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>

    <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
    <role rolename="manager-script"/>
    <user username="admin" password="password" roles="manager-gui,manager-script" />

</tomcat-users>

2.2 Maven 认证

%MAVEN_PATH%/conf/settings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings ...>
    <servers>
       
        <server>
            <id>TomcatServer</id>
            <username>admin</username>
            <password>password</password>
        </server>

    </servers>
</settings>

2.3 Tomcat6 Maven 插件

pom.xml

<plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat6-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <configuration>
            <url>http://localhost:8080/manager</url>
            <server>TomcatServer</server>
            <path>/yiibaiWebApp</path>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>   

2.4 发布到Tomcat

mvn tomcat6:deploy 
mvn tomcat6:undeploy 
mvn tomcat6:redeploy

示例

> mvn tomcat6:deploy

...
[INFO] Deploying war to http://localhost:8080/yiibaiWebApp
Uploading: http://localhost:8080/manager/deploy?path=%2FyiibaiWebApp
Uploaded: http://localhost:8080/manager/deploy?path=%2FyiibaiWebApp (13925 KB at 32995.5 KB/sec)

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 22.652 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2014-08-05T12:18:54+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 30M/308M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

参考

1. Apache Tomcat 7 Manager App HOW-TO
2. Apache Tomcat 6 Manager App HOW-TO
3. Tomcat Maven Plugin
4. Tomcat Maven Plugin – Context Goals