springboot工程注册到eureka server非常简单，只需要引入spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client依赖，在启动类上加上@EnableDiscoveryClient注解。
例如：
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class CartApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CartApplication.class, args);
}
}
再在application.yml或者application.properties中指定eureka server地址即可。
例如：
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
image-20181206105425600
启动，可以看到eureka server控制台已经有应用的注册信息了。那么eureka client 是如何做到的呢？
我们先从@EnableDiscoveryClient注解入手。
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import(EnableDiscoveryClientImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableDiscoveryClient {
/**
* If true, the ServiceRegistry will automatically register the local server.
*/
boolean autoRegister() default true;
}
发现引入了EnableDiscoveryClientImportSelector类，也没有发现有用的东西。
换个思路，既然注解是@EnableDiscoveryClient，那就研究一下DiscoveryClient。
DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args,
Provider<BackupRegistry> backupRegistryProvider) {
//...省略部分代码
try {
// default size of 2 - 1 each for heartbeat and cacheRefresh
scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2,
new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-%d")
.setDaemon(true)
.build());
heartbeatExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
1, clientConfig.getHeartbeatExecutorThreadPoolSize(), 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(),
new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-HeartbeatExecutor-%d")
.setDaemon(true)
.build()
); // use direct handoff
//.....省略部分代码
}
可以看出是在DiscoveryClient类中的构造方法中初始化了心跳消息的线程池。再追踪下，构造方法会在哪里调用，发现会在CloudEurekaClient类的构造函数中调用。
public CloudEurekaClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager,
EurekaClientConfig config,
AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs<?> args,
ApplicationEventPublisher publisher) {
super(applicationInfoManager, config, args);
this.applicationInfoManager = applicationInfoManager;
this.publisher = publisher;
this.eurekaTransportField = ReflectionUtils.findField(DiscoveryClient.class, "eurekaTransport");
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(this.eurekaTransportField);
}
再追踪，发现会在EurekaClientAutoConfiguration类进行调用。
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@ConditionalOnClass(EurekaClientConfig.class)
@Import(DiscoveryClientOptionalArgsConfiguration.class)
@ConditionalOnBean(EurekaDiscoveryClientConfiguration.Marker.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "eureka.client.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@AutoConfigureBefore({ NoopDiscoveryClientAutoConfiguration.class,
CommonsClientAutoConfiguration.class, ServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration.class })
@AutoConfigureAfter(name = {"org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.RefreshAutoConfiguration",
"org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EurekaDiscoveryClientConfiguration",
"org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration"})
public class EurekaClientAutoConfiguration {
private ConfigurableEnvironment env;
public EurekaClientAutoConfiguration(ConfigurableEnvironment env) {
this.env = env;
}
@Bean
public HasFeatures eurekaFeature() {
return HasFeatures.namedFeature("Eureka Client", EurekaClient.class);
}
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EurekaClientConfig.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public EurekaClientConfigBean eurekaClientConfigBean(ConfigurableEnvironment env) {
EurekaClientConfigBean client = new EurekaClientConfigBean();
if ("bootstrap".equals(this.env.getProperty("spring.config.name"))) {
// We don't register during bootstrap by default, but there will be another
// chance later.
client.setRegisterWithEureka(false);
}
return client;
}
//这里初始化了DiscoveryClient
@Bean
public DiscoveryClient discoveryClient(EurekaInstanceConfig config, EurekaClient client) {
return new EurekaDiscoveryClient(config, client);
}
//....省略部分代码
}
源头找到了，接下来仔细分析下DiscoveryClient的构造函数，这里是整个eureka client的 启动核心。
@Inject
DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args,
Provider<BackupRegistry> backupRegistryProvider) {
//....
logger.info("Initializing Eureka in region {}", clientConfig.getRegion());
if (!config.shouldRegisterWithEureka() && !config.shouldFetchRegistry()) {
//配置了不注册到eureka且不获取eureka server上的实例注册信息
logger.info("Client configured to neither register nor query for data.");
scheduler = null;
heartbeatExecutor = null;
cacheRefreshExecutor = null;
eurekaTransport = null;
instanceRegionChecker = new InstanceRegionChecker(new PropertyBasedAzToRegionMapper(config), clientConfig.getRegion());
// This is a bit of hack to allow for existing code using DiscoveryManager.getInstance()
// to work with DI'd DiscoveryClient
DiscoveryManager.getInstance().setDiscoveryClient(this);
DiscoveryManager.getInstance().setEurekaClientConfig(config);
initTimestampMs = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Discovery Client initialized at timestamp {} with initial instances count: {}",
initTimestampMs, this.getApplications().size());
return; // no need to setup up an network tasks and we are done
}
try {
// default size of 2 - 1 each for heartbeat and cacheRefresh
//创建定时线程池，线程数量为2个，分别用来维持心跳连接和刷新其他eureka client实例缓存
scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2,
new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-%d")
.setDaemon(true)
.build());
//创建一个线程池，线程池大小默认为2个，用来维持心跳连接
heartbeatExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
1, clientConfig.getHeartbeatExecutorThreadPoolSize(), 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(),
new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-HeartbeatExecutor-%d")
.setDaemon(true)
.build()
); // use direct handoff
//创建一个线程池，线程池大小默认为2个，用来刷新其他eureka client实例缓存
cacheRefreshExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
1, clientConfig.getCacheRefreshExecutorThreadPoolSize(), 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(),
new ThreadFactoryBuilder()
.setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-CacheRefreshExecutor-%d")
.setDaemon(true)
.build()
); // use direct handoff
//创建及初始化维持心跳连接(注册)、获取注册实例信息的httpClient
eurekaTransport = new EurekaTransport();
scheduleServerEndpointTask(eurekaTransport, args);
//...
} catch (Throwable e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize DiscoveryClient!", e);
}
//抓取远程实例注册信息，fetchRegistry()方法里的参数，这里为false，意思是要不要强制抓取所有实例注册信息
//这里获取注册信息，分两种方式，一种是全量获取，另一种是增量获取，默认是增量获取
if (clientConfig.shouldFetchRegistry() && !fetchRegistry(false)) {
//如果配置的是要获取实例注册信息，但是从远程获取失败，从备份获取实例注册信息
fetchRegistryFromBackup();
}
// call and execute the pre registration handler before all background tasks (inc registration) is started
//注册到eureka之前，调用的前置处理方法，这里eureka提供了接口，需要自己实现。
if (this.preRegistrationHandler != null) {
this.preRegistrationHandler.beforeRegistration();
}
if (clientConfig.shouldRegisterWithEureka() && clientConfig.shouldEnforceRegistrationAtInit()) {
//如果client配置注册到eureka server 且 强制 初始化就注册到eureka 那么就注册到eureka server，默认是不初始化就注册到eureka
try {
if (!register() ) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Registration error at startup. Invalid server response.");
}
} catch (Throwable th) {
logger.error("Registration error at startup: {}", th.getMessage());
throw new IllegalStateException(th);
}
}
// finally, init the schedule tasks (e.g. cluster resolvers, heartbeat, instanceInfo replicator, fetch
//最后，初始化维持心跳连接、更新注册信息缓存的定时任务
initScheduledTasks();
// This is a bit of hack to allow for existing code using DiscoveryManager.getInstance()
// to work with DI'd DiscoveryClient
DiscoveryManager.getInstance().setDiscoveryClient(this);
DiscoveryManager.getInstance().setEurekaClientConfig(config);
initTimestampMs = System.currentTimeMillis();
logger.info("Discovery Client initialized at timestamp {} with initial instances count: {}",
initTimestampMs, this.getApplications().size());
}
//获取远程注册实例信息
private boolean fetchRegistry(boolean forceFullRegistryFetch) {
try {
// If the delta is disabled or if it is the first time, get all
// applications
Applications applications = getApplications();
if (clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta()
|| (!Strings.isNullOrEmpty(clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress()))
|| forceFullRegistryFetch
|| (applications == null)
|| (applications.getRegisteredApplications().size() == 0)
|| (applications.getVersion() == -1)) //Client application does not have latest library supporting delta
{
//全量获取实例注册信息，这里是通过HTTPClient发送的请求，HTTPClient的初始化，在前面的scheduleServerEndpointTask()方法中
getAndStoreFullRegistry();
} else {
//增量获取实例注册信息
getAndUpdateDelta(applications);
}
}
// 通知本地缓存要清除了
onCacheRefreshed();
// 更新远程实例信息在本机的状态
updateInstanceRemoteStatus();
return true;
}
注册方法：
/**
* Register with the eureka service by making the appropriate REST call.
*/
boolean register() throws Throwable {
logger.info(PREFIX + "{}: registering service...", appPathIdentifier);
EurekaHttpResponse<Void> httpResponse;
try {
//也是通过前面初始化的HTTPClient发送注册请求
httpResponse = eurekaTransport.registrationClient.register(instanceInfo);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn(PREFIX + "{} - registration failed {}", appPathIdentifier, e.getMessage(), e);
throw e;
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(PREFIX + "{} - registration status: {}", appPathIdentifier, httpResponse.getStatusCode());
}
return httpResponse.getStatusCode() == 204;
}
维持心跳连接：
boolean renew() {
EurekaHttpResponse<InstanceInfo> httpResponse;
try {
//发送请求
httpResponse = eurekaTransport.registrationClient.sendHeartBeat(instanceInfo.getAppName(), instanceInfo.getId(), instanceInfo, null);
logger.debug(PREFIX + "{} - Heartbeat status: {}", appPathIdentifier, httpResponse.getStatusCode());
if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == 404) {
REREGISTER_COUNTER.increment();
logger.info(PREFIX + "{} - Re-registering apps/{}", appPathIdentifier, instanceInfo.getAppName());
long timestamp = instanceInfo.setIsDirtyWithTime();
boolean success = register();
if (success) {
instanceInfo.unsetIsDirty(timestamp);
}
return success;
}
return httpResponse.getStatusCode() == 200;
} catch (Throwable e) {
logger.error(PREFIX + "{} - was unable to send heartbeat!", appPathIdentifier, e);
return false;
}
}
总结一下：
- eureka client在启动时首先会创建一个定时任务线程池，线程池大小为2个，分别用来维持心跳链接和刷新本地缓存
- 获取远程实例信息时，有两种方式，一种是全量获取，一种是增量获取，默认是增量获取
- 维持信条连接和获取远程实例信息是通过HTTPClient发送的请求
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