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Material Design之CoordinatorLayou

Material Design之CoordinatorLayou

作者: 谢尔顿 | 来源:发表于2018-02-08 21:41 被阅读509次

    引言

    CoordinatorLayout的使用核心就是Beahvior,使用Behavior来实现直接子控件之间的交互。(PS:直接子控件是指CoordinatorLayout的直接子控件)

    参考文章:

    1. Behavior

    CoordinatorLayout.Behavior<T>,T是指这个Child,而不是dependency。Child是指这个CoordinatorLayout的子控件,dependency是指这个Child所依赖的View,即Child依赖于dependency的变化。

    这是一个观察者模式的运用,Child向CoordinatorLayout注册一个回调,告知CoordinatorLayout在dependency发生变化时通知它,这样当dependency发生变化时,Child会得到这个通知。

    看完上面两段话,可能有种一脸懵逼的感觉,下面我们利用一个例子来理解,你会瞬间有种豁然开朗的感觉。
    效果图:


    效果图
    • 布局文件activity_test.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context="com.gjj.gd.materialdesign.activity.TestActivity">
    
        <TextView
            app:layout_behavior="com.gjj.gd.materialdesign.behavior.FollowBehavior"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="观察者"/>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="被观察者"
            android:layout_gravity="center"/>
    
    </android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
    
    

    上面的布局文件中TextView被指定了一个layout_behavior属性,下面我们看看这个属性值FollowBehavior的代码。

    • 自定义的FollowBehavior
    package com.gjj.gd.materialdesign.behavior;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout;
    import android.util.AttributeSet;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    /**
     * Created by gaojuanjuan on 2018/2/8.
     */
    
    public class FollowBehavior extends CoordinatorLayout.Behavior<TextView> {
    
        public FollowBehavior(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            super(context, attrs);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean layoutDependsOn(CoordinatorLayout parent, TextView child, View dependency) {
            return dependency instanceof Button;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onDependentViewChanged(CoordinatorLayout parent, TextView child, View dependency) {
            child.setX(dependency.getX()+200);
            child.setY(dependency.getY()+200);
            return true;
        }
    }
    
    
    1. 自定义Behavior时,我们发现CoordinatorLayout.Behavior<T>中的T就是我们的观察者TextView,而我们重写方法layoutDependsOn的参数dependency就是我们的被观察者。我们可以把上面的第二段话,针对这个例子做一个翻译,TextVew(观察者)向CoordinatorLayout注册一个回调,告知CoordinatorLayout在Button(被观察者)发生变化时通知它,这样当Button(被观察者)发生变化时,TextVew(观察者)就会得到通知做出相应的变化(从上面的代码我们可以看出TextView(观察者)的变化在方法onDependentViewChanged中发生)。
    2. 在上面的代码中我们重写了父类的两个方法:
      • layoutDependsOn():这个方法在对界面进行布局时至少会调用一次,用来确定本次交互行为中的被观察者,在上面的代码中,当dependency是Buttom类的实例时返回true,就可以让系统知道布局文件中的Buttom就是本次交互行为中的被观察者。
      • onDependentViewChanged():当被观察者发生变化时,这个方法会被调用,参数中的child就是本次交互行为中的观察者,观察者可以在这个方法中对被观察者的变化做出响应,从而完成一次交互行为。
    • TestActivity.java代码
    
        @BindView(R.id.btn)
        Button mBtn;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);
            ButterKnife.bind(this);
            setTitle("CoordinatorLayout");
            mBtn.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE){
                        v.setX(event.getRawX()-v.getWidth()/2);
                        v.setY(event.getRawY() - v.getHeight()/2);
                    }
                    return true;
                }
            });
        }
    

    通过上面的例子,我们掌握了通过给CoordinatorLayout的子view设置Behavior来实现交互行为,这个Behavior会拦截发生在这个View上的Touch事件、嵌套滚动等,不仅如此,Behavior还能拦截对与它绑定的View的测量及布局。关于嵌套滚动,我们会在后续文章中进行详细介绍。下面我们来深入了解一下Behavior是如何做到这一切的。

    2. 拦截Touch事件

    CoordinatorLayout的onInterceptTouchEvent()方法里会遍历所有直接子View,对于绑定了Behavior的直接子View调用Behavior的onInterceptTouchEvent方法,若这个方法返回true,那么后续本该由相应子View处理的Touch事件都会交由Behavior处理。

    我们看看CoordinatorLayout的onInterceptTouchEvent方法和onTouchEvent事件:

    onInterceptTouchEventd的源码

        @Override
        public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            MotionEvent cancelEvent = null;
    
            final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev);
    
            // Make sure we reset in case we had missed a previous important event.
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                //down的时候,跟大部分ViewGroup一样,需要重置一些状态以及变量,比如 mBehaviorTouchView
                resetTouchBehaviors();
            }
    
            final boolean intercepted = performIntercept(ev, TYPE_ON_INTERCEPT);
    
            if (cancelEvent != null) {
                cancelEvent.recycle();
            }
            //当事件为UP和Cancel的时候去重置(同down)
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP || action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
                resetTouchBehaviors();
            }
    
            return intercepted;
        }
    

    onTouchEvent的源码

        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            boolean handled = false;
            boolean cancelSuper = false;
            MotionEvent cancelEvent = null;
    
            final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev);
            // mBehaviorTouchView不为null(代表之前有behavior处理了down事件) 或者 performIntercept返回true 那么事件就交给mBehaviorTouchView
            if (mBehaviorTouchView != null || (cancelSuper = performIntercept(ev, TYPE_ON_TOUCH))) {
                // Safe since performIntercept guarantees that
                // mBehaviorTouchView != null if it returns true
                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) mBehaviorTouchView.getLayoutParams();
                final Behavior b = lp.getBehavior();
                if (b != null) {
                   // 交给 behavior去处理事件 
                    handled = b.onTouchEvent(this, mBehaviorTouchView, ev);
                }
            }
    
            // Keep the super implementation correct
            if (mBehaviorTouchView == null) {
                handled |= super.onTouchEvent(ev);
            } else if (cancelSuper) {
                if (cancelEvent == null) {
                    final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
                    cancelEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(now, now,
                            MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0);
                }
                super.onTouchEvent(cancelEvent);
            }
    
            if (!handled && action == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
    
            }
    
            if (cancelEvent != null) {
                cancelEvent.recycle();
            }
    
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP || action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
                resetTouchBehaviors();
            }
    
            return handled;
        }
    

    我们可以看到这个两个方法做的事情并不多,其实都交给performIntercept去做处理了。

    performaIntercept的源码

        // type 标记是intercept还是touch
        private boolean performIntercept(MotionEvent ev, final int type) {
            boolean intercepted = false;
            boolean newBlock = false;
    
            MotionEvent cancelEvent = null;
    
            final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev);
    
            final List<View> topmostChildList = mTempList1;
            //按Z轴排序 原因很简单 让最上面的View先处理事件  
            getTopSortedChildren(topmostChildList);
    
            // Let topmost child views inspect first
            final int childCount = topmostChildList.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                final View child = topmostChildList.get(i);
                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                final Behavior b = lp.getBehavior();
                //当前事件已经被某个behavior拦截了(or newBlock),并且事件不为down,那么就发送一个 取消事件 给所有在拦截的behavior之后的behavior
                if ((intercepted || newBlock) && action != MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                    // Cancel all behaviors beneath the one that intercepted.
                    // If the event is "down" then we don't have anything to cancel yet.
                    if (b != null) {
                        if (cancelEvent == null) {
                            final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
                            cancelEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(now, now,
                                    MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0);
                        }
                        switch (type) {
                            case TYPE_ON_INTERCEPT:
                                b.onInterceptTouchEvent(this, child, cancelEvent);
                                break;
                            case TYPE_ON_TOUCH:
                                b.onTouchEvent(this, child, cancelEvent);
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                // 如果还没有被拦截,那么继续询问每个Behavior 是否要处理该事件
                if (!intercepted && b != null) {
                    switch (type) {
                        case TYPE_ON_INTERCEPT:
                            intercepted = b.onInterceptTouchEvent(this, child, ev);
                            break;
                        case TYPE_ON_TOUCH:
                            intercepted = b.onTouchEvent(this, child, ev);
                            break;
                    }
                    //如果有behavior处理了当前的事件,那么把它赋值给mBehaviorTouchView,它其实跟ViewGroup源码中的mFirstTouchTarget作用是一样的
                    if (intercepted) {
                        mBehaviorTouchView = child;
                    }
                }
    
                // Don't keep going if we're not allowing interaction below this.
                // Setting newBlock will make sure we cancel the rest of the behaviors.
                // 是否拦截一切在它之后的交互 
                final boolean wasBlocking = lp.didBlockInteraction();
                final boolean isBlocking = lp.isBlockingInteractionBelow(this, child);
                newBlock = isBlocking && !wasBlocking;
                if (isBlocking && !newBlock) {
                    // Stop here since we don't have anything more to cancel - we already did
                    // when the behavior first started blocking things below this point.
                    break;
                }
            }
    
            topmostChildList.clear();
    
            return intercepted;
        }
    

    3. 拦截测量及布局

    CoordinatorLayout在onMeasure()方法中,会遍历所有直接子View,若该子View绑定了一个Behavior,就会调用Behavior的onMeasureChild()方法,若此方法返回true,那么CoordinatorLayout对该子View的测量就不会进行。这样一来,Behavior就成功接管了对View的测量。
    同样,CoordinatorLayout在onLayout()方法中也做了与onMeasure()方法中相似的事,让Behavior能够接管对相关子View的布局。

    接下来我们我们看看CoordinatorLayout的onMeasure和onLayout方法的源码:

    onMeasure的源码

        @Override
        protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
           //解析CoordinatorLayout所有子View的behavior
            prepareChildren(true);
            ensurePreDrawListener();
            ...
            final int childCount = mDependencySortedChildren.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                final View child = mDependencySortedChildren.get(i);
                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
    
                ...
                //获取子控件的behavior对象
                final Behavior b = lp.getBehavior();
                //进行子View的测量,我们可以看到在测量之前会调用b.onMeasureChild方法,如该方法返回true,
                //那么behavior就会成功拦截CoordinatorLayout的测量了
                if (b == null || !b.onMeasureChild(this, child, childWidthMeasureSpec, keylineWidthUsed,
                        childHeightMeasureSpec, 0)) {
                    onMeasureChild(child, childWidthMeasureSpec, keylineWidthUsed,
                            childHeightMeasureSpec, 0);
                }
                ...
            }
    
            final int width = ViewCompat.resolveSizeAndState(widthUsed, widthMeasureSpec,
                    childState & ViewCompat.MEASURED_STATE_MASK);
            final int height = ViewCompat.resolveSizeAndState(heightUsed, heightMeasureSpec,
                    childState << ViewCompat.MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT);
            setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
        }
    

    onLayout的源码

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        final int layoutDirection = ViewCompat.getLayoutDirection(this);
        //mDependencySortedChildren 在 onMeasure里已经排过序了
        final int childCount = mDependencySortedChildren.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = mDependencySortedChildren.get(i);
            final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            final Behavior behavior = lp.getBehavior();
            //可以看到,当behavior.onLayoutChild()返回true的时候,就可以拦截掉CoordinatorLayout的默认Layout操作了
            if (behavior == null || !behavior.onLayoutChild(this, child, layoutDirection)) {
                onLayoutChild(child, layoutDirection);
            }
        }
    }
    

    拦截布局和测量的原理其实是一样的。

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