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Android--AsyncTask源码分析

Android--AsyncTask源码分析

作者: Czppp | 来源:发表于2019-05-28 18:11 被阅读0次

    闯关关卡---第9关,闯关进度20%,继续打怪升级

    一直以来都没有使用过AsyncTask,且因为有Rxjava的存在。虽然说之前有看过AsyncTask知识包括,但是时间久了也忘记了,今天重新看了一下又有新的认知

    1.AsyncTask大致的原理

    AsyncTask是使用线程池,FutureTask,CallBack来执行任务,默认的任务执行顺序是先进先出(FIFO)

    核心线程数:Math.max(2, Math.min(CPU_COUNT - 1, 4));
    最大线程数:CPU个数x2+1
    存活时间:30s--非核心线程的回收时间,若allowCoreThreadTimeOut设置为turn,也作用在核心线程中
    任务队列:BlockingQueue<Runnable> sPoolWorkQueue =new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(128)

    2.AsyncTask核心参数及方法

    public abstract class AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> {...}
    

    Params:异步任务参数
    Progress:任务执行进度
    Result:任务执行完返回结果
    onPreExecute():任务执行前的准备工作--主线程
    doInBackground(Params... params):开启执行任务,返回执行的任务结果--子线程
    onProgressUpdate(Progress... values):任务执行的进度--主线程
    onPostExecute(Result result):任务完成的结果处理,result为doInBackground返回值

    3.AsyncTask准备工作--new AsyncTask()

        public AsyncTask() {
            this((Looper) null);
        }
    
        public AsyncTask(@Nullable Handler handler) {
            this(handler != null ? handler.getLooper() : null);
        }
    
        public AsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
            mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
                ? getMainHandler()
                : new Handler(callbackLooper);
    
            mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
                public Result call() throws Exception {
                    mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                    Result result = null;
                    try {
                        Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                        //noinspection unchecked
                        result = doInBackground(mParams);
                        Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                    } catch (Throwable tr) {
                        mCancelled.set(true);
                        throw tr;
                    } finally {
                        postResult(result);
                    }
                    return result;
                }
            };
    
            mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
                @Override
                protected void done() {
                    try {
                        postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                        throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                                e.getCause());
                    } catch (CancellationException e) {
                        postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                    }
                }
            };
        }
    

    在构造函数中,初始化Handler,实例化WorkerRunnable抽象类---实现CallBack接口,实例化FutureTask,重写done()方法,任务完成时发送Message,通过这些操作将任务装置在mFuture 中。下面是一个FutureTask简单例子

    public class ThreadMain {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Callable<Integer> callable = new Callable<Integer>() {
                @Override
                public Integer call() throws Exception {
                    int i = 0;
                    try {
                        for (; i < 2; i++) {
                            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + i);
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally {
                        System.out.println("任务完成");
                    }
                    return i;
                }
            };
            FutureTask<Integer> task = new FutureTask<Integer>(callable) {
                @Override
                protected void done() {
                    System.out.println("任务完成 done");
                    super.done();
                }
            };
            task.run();
        }
    }
    
    image.png

    4.任务执行

    @MainThread
        public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
            return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
        }
    
        @MainThread
        public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
                Params... params) {
            if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
                switch (mStatus) {
                    case RUNNING:
                        throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                                + " the task is already running.");
                    case FINISHED:
                        throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                                + " the task has already been executed "
                                + "(a task can be executed only once)");
                }
            }
    
            mStatus = Status.RUNNING;
    
            onPreExecute();
    
            mWorker.mParams = params;
            exec.execute(mFuture);
    
            return this;
        }
    
    

    在任务第一次执行,mStatus 设置为RUNNING,调用onPreExecute()在任务执行前的准备工作,exec.execute(mFuture)开启异步任务。接下来看看 sDefaultExecutor 怎么实现的

    5.sDefaultExecutor 实现方式

      private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
            final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
            Runnable mActive;
    
            public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
                mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
                    public void run() {
                        try {
                            r.run();
                        } finally {
                            scheduleNext();
                        }
                    }
                });
                if (mActive == null) {
                    scheduleNext();
                }
            }
    
            protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
                if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
                    THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
                }
            }
        }
    

    sDefaultExecutor--默认任务处理器,ArrayDeque是一个双向的队列(FIFO), mTasks.offer()在最后添加一个任务元素,通过mTasks.poll()取得第一个任务元素使用THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR线程池来执行任务。如果要并发处理调用executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,Params... params)方法,在参数1传入AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR

    5.handler处理消息

     private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
            public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
                super(looper);
            }
    
            @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                        // There is only one result
                        result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                        break;
                    case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                        result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    

    handlerMeaage主要任务处理结果还有任务进度,任务处理结果已经在构造函数实现了,但是发送任务进度消息需要调用publishProgress(Progress... values)来发送消息。

      protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {
            if (!isCancelled()) {
                getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,
                        new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();
            }
        }
    

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