gitlab 安装和基本使用

这篇文章是站在运维人员的立场，测试最核心的功能Central Git Repo 和 GitLab CI。

1. 安装GitLab

参考官方文档 install on ubuntu18

1.1 安装依赖包

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y curl openssh-server ca-certificates

sudo apt-get install -y postfix

邮件配置时候选择Internet即可

1.2 下载和安装 GitLab

$ curl https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ce/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  5933    0  5933    0     0   7416      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  7406
Detected operating system as Ubuntu/bionic.
Checking for curl...
Detected curl...
Checking for gpg...
Detected gpg...
Running apt-get update... done.
Installing apt-transport-https... done.
Installing /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gitlab_gitlab-ce.list...done.
Importing packagecloud gpg key... done.
Running apt-get update... done.

The repository is setup! You can now install packages.

Next, install the GitLab package. Change https://roy-gitlab.eastasia.cloudapp.azure.com to the URL at which you want to access your GitLab instance.

sudo EXTERNAL_URL="http://roy-gitlab.eastasia.cloudapp.azure.com" apt-get install gitlab-ce

1.3 网页登陆

第一次登陆，要重设密码，然后用 root 账户登陆进去。

img

2. 创建Project，设置 ssh key

img

3. clone repo

在客户端执行

$ git clone git@roy-gitlabce.eastasia.cloudapp.azure.com:root/demo.git

现在就可以修改代码并push 代码了。

4. 安装runner

这是给GitLab CI，做准备的。

在新的一台VM操作（以ubuntu为例）。

runner 相当于 Jenkins 中的 slave，job 就在这里运行。

https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/linux-repository.html

Add GitLab’s official repository:

curl -L https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.deb.sh | sudo bash

Install the latest version of GitLab Runner

sudo apt-get install gitlab-runner

Register the Runner

公用的runner，找 token 去 admin/runners page

Project runner，去 Settings > CI/CD 获取token

$ sudo gitlab-runner register
Runtime platform                                    arch=amd64 os=linux pid=17752 revision=ac8e767a version=12.6.0
Running in system-mode.

Please enter the gitlab-ci coordinator URL (e.g. https://gitlab.com/):
http://roy-gitlabce.eastasia.cloudapp.azure.com/
Please enter the gitlab-ci token for this runner:
GgJxBX1KPeuCK7-8ut6-
Please enter the gitlab-ci description for this runner:
[roy-runner]: my-runner
Please enter the gitlab-ci tags for this runner (comma separated):
my-tag
Registering runner... succeeded                     runner=GgJxBX1K
Please enter the executor: parallels, shell, ssh, virtualbox, docker, docker-ssh, docker-ssh+machine, kubernetes, custom, docker+machine:
shell
Runner registered successfully. Feel free to start it, but if it's running already the config should be automatically reloaded!

5. CI/CD 测试

参考官方文档：https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/

在demo repo 根目录创建文件 .gitlab-ci.yml ，内容如下

# 定义 stages（阶段，会依次执行）
stages:
  - install_deps
  - build_prod
  - deploy_prod

# 安装构建依赖
install_deps_job:
  stage: install_deps
  # 在哪个分支才会执行脚本
  only:
    # - dev
    # - release
    - master
  script:
    - echo 'It is pre-install phase'
  tags:
    - my-tag

build_prod_job:
  stage: build_prod
  only:
    - master
  script:
    - echo 'It is build phase'
  tags:
    - my-tag

deploy_prod_job:
  stage: deploy_prod
  only:
    - master
  script:
    - echo 'It is deploy phase'
  tags:
    - my-tag

.gitlab-ci.yml的具体写法,以及关键字含义见： 链接

把它push 到GitLab

git add .gitlab-ci.yml
git commit -m "Add .gitlab-ci.yml"
git push origin master

GitLab 会自动触发CI/CD

image-20191223171325659.png

可以看到Pipeline里面 3个job build 成功，可以点击进去，看详细的日志。