swift-对象创建底层浅析

1. swift对象的创建流程

对象的创建流程.jpg

1. 通过swift_slowAlloc分配内存，并进行内存字节对齐
2. 通过new + HeapObject + metadata初始化一个实例对象
3. 函数的返回值是HeapObject类型，所以当前对象的内存结构就是HeapObject的内存结构

static HeapObject *_swift_allocObject_(HeapMetadata const *metadata,
                                       size_t requiredSize,
                                       size_t requiredAlignmentMask) {
  assert(isAlignmentMask(requiredAlignmentMask));
  auto object = reinterpret_cast<HeapObject *>(
      swift_slowAlloc(requiredSize, requiredAlignmentMask));

  // NOTE: this relies on the C++17 guaranteed semantics of no null-pointer
  // check on the placement new allocator which we have observed on Windows,
  // Linux, and macOS.
  new (object) HeapObject(metadata); // 初始化一个实例对象

  // If leak tracking is enabled, start tracking this object.
  SWIFT_LEAKS_START_TRACKING_OBJECT(object);

  SWIFT_RT_TRACK_INVOCATION(object, swift_allocObject);

  return object;
}

进入swift_slowAlloc函数，其内部主要是通过malloc在堆中分配size大小的内存空间，并返回内存地址，主要是用于存储实例变量:

void *swift::swift_slowAlloc(size_t size, size_t alignMask) {
  void *p;
  // This check also forces "default" alignment to use AlignedAlloc.
  if (alignMask <= MALLOC_ALIGN_MASK) {
#if defined(__APPLE__)
    p = malloc_zone_malloc(DEFAULT_ZONE(), size);
#else
    p = malloc(size); // 堆中创建size大小的内存空间，用于存储实例变量
#endif
  } else {
    size_t alignment = (alignMask == ~(size_t(0)))
                           ? _swift_MinAllocationAlignment
                           : alignMask + 1;
    p = AlignedAlloc(size, alignment);
  }
  if (!p) swift::crash("Could not allocate memory.");
  return p;
}

进入HeapObject初始化方法，需要两个参数：metadata、refCounts

HeapObject初始化.png