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Flutter之MacOS系统安装环境

Flutter之MacOS系统安装环境

作者: 枫叶无处漂泊 | 来源:发表于2019-05-15 09:56 被阅读0次

    MacOS系统安装环境

    一、下载镜像

    由于国内被墙,需要设置下载镜像,终端输入:

    export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
        
    export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
    

    二、下载flutter包

    终端输入:

    git clone -b dev https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    

    三、设置flutter为全局可执行

    只需要终端输入:

    export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"    
    
    • 以上配置命令为当前终端窗口临时设置PATH变量,你会发现系统重新启动后配置的PATH变量丢失。

    • 在终端执行flutter doctor 提示command not found 。

    所以我们要将Flutter PATH环境变量永久添加到系统路径中,以便可以运行flutter命令在任何终端会话中。步骤如下:

    1. 确定您Flutter SDK的目录,您将在步骤3中用到

    2. 打开(或创建) $HOME/.bash_profile. 文件路径和文件名可能在您的机器上不同.(如不太了解.bash_profile的相关操作可以参考 Mac 打开、编辑.bash_profile)

    3. 添加以下行并更改[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]为克隆Flutter的git repo的路径

    打开.bashprofile文件,并把下面flutter环境配置添加到:

    //Flutter sdk 环境变量配置
    export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
    
    export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
    
    // /Users/geek是你fultter sdk的路径
    export PATH=/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
    
    

    注意:PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY 为你flutter的路径,比如“/Users/ypf”

     export PATH=~/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
    

    保存好关闭bashprofile文件。

    然后运行:

    source $HOME/.bash_profile
    

    刷新当前终端窗口。
    然后通过运行flutter/bin命令验证目录是否在已经在PATH中:

    echo $PATH
    

    这时候就不用每次打开终端都要临时设置PATH变量,很烦人。这时候:

    flutter doctor
    

    如果还是提示command not found,那就是没有配成功,查看一下步骤,有没有错误的。

    如果在终端运行

    flutter doctor 
    

    提示如下:

    Waiting for another flutter command to release the startup lock
    

    解决方法

    1、打开flutter的安装目录/bin/cache/(可以通过指令进去)
    2、手动删除lockfile文件,也可以指令删除(rm -rf lockfile)
    3、重新在终端运行 flutter doctor查看一下,是否检查环境安装
    

    四、检查环境安装

    检查依赖环境是否正常,完成安装。
    终端输入:

    cd ./flutter
    flutter doctor
    

    这个命令会检查环境并在窗口显示报告,Dart SDK与Flutter捆绑在一起;没有必要单独安装Dart。仔细检查输出是否需要安装其他软件或执行其他任务

    注意点:

    • 第一次运行命令时,它会下载自身的依赖关系并自行编译,后续运行会快很多。
    • 如果过程失败,多重复几次,并根据命令行提示进行安装。
    Last login: Sun Apr 28 14:44:44 on ttys000
    localhost:~ ypf$ export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
    localhost:~ ypf$ export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
    localhost:~ ypf$ git clone -b master https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    fatal: destination path 'flutter' already exists and is not an empty directory.
    localhost:~ ypf$ export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
    localhost:~ ypf$ cd ./flutter
    localhost:flutter ypf$ flutter doctor
    Building flutter tool...
    Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure
    you trust this source!
    Downloading Material fonts...                                       5.2s
    Downloading android-arm-profile/darwin-x64 tools...                 6.1s
    Downloading android-arm-release/darwin-x64 tools...                 5.2s
    Downloading android-arm64-profile/darwin-x64 tools...               6.5s
    Downloading android-arm64-release/darwin-x64 tools...               5.4s
    Downloading android-x86 tools...                                   40.4s
    Downloading android-x64 tools...                                   41.9s
    Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...                    
    Downloading android-arm tools...                                   20.3s
    Downloading android-arm-profile tools...                           11.6s
    Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...                    
    Downloading android-arm-release tools...                           11.0s
    Downloading android-arm64 tools...                                 21.4s
    Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...                    
    Downloading android-arm64-profile tools...                         15.1s
    Downloading android-arm64-release tools...                         10.2s
    Downloading ios tools...                                           97.3s
    Downloading ios-profile tools...                                   69.6s
    Downloading ios-release tools...                                   57.3s
    Downloading Gradle Wrapper...                                       0.2s
    Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...                    
    Downloading package sky_engine...                                   3.4s
    Downloading common tools...                                        24.6s
    Downloading common tools...                                        25.0s
    Downloading darwin-x64 tools...                                    82.0s
    Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
    [✓] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.43, on Mac OS X 10.13.6 17G65, locale
        zh-Hans-CN)
     
    [!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 27.0.3)
        ✗ Flutter requires Android SDK 28 and the Android BuildTools 28.0.3
          To update using sdkmanager, run:
            "/Users/ypf/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager"
            "platforms;android-28" "build-tools;28.0.3"
          or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
          instructions.
        ! Some Android licenses not accepted.  To resolve this, run: flutter doctor
          --android-licenses
    [!] iOS toolchain - develop for iOS devices (Xcode 10.1)
        ✗ libimobiledevice and ideviceinstaller are not installed. To install with
          Brew, run:
            brew update
            brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
            brew link usbmuxd
            brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
            brew install ideviceinstaller
        ✗ ios-deploy not installed. To install:
            brew install ios-deploy
    [✓] Android Studio (version 3.1)
    [✓] VS Code (version 1.33.0)
    [✓] Connected device (1 available)
    
    ! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
    localhost:flutter ypf$ 
    
    

    根据提示继续输入指令,完善自己flutter环境安装。根据上面的提示,iOS配置终端输入一下命令
    ,不是在flutter目录下,是重新打开终端的默认的路径下:

        brew update
        brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
        brew link usbmuxd
        brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
        brew install ideviceinstaller
        
       // ios-deploy not installed. To install:
        brew install ios-deploy
        
    

    然后在用flutter doctor查看一下。

    //我们已经将Flutter PATH环境变量永久添加到系统路径中,不然每次重启终端都要调用设置临时path路径
    export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"    
    
    cd ./flutter
    flutter doctor
    

    根据上面的提示,Some Android licenses not accepted.解决这个执行命令:

    flutter doctor
      --android-licenses
    

    然后根据提示信息输入 y 就行了。

    还有一个就是android sdk的版本太低,更新sdk版本为最新就行:

    android_config.png

    点击Configure弹出下拉框选择SDK Manager。

    android_config-1.png android_config-2.png

    把最新的sdk勾选上下载。下载完之后,打开终端,检查一下android环境配置是否成功

    export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"    
    cd ./flutter
    flutter doctor
    

    如果出现这个

    flutter_doctor_success.png

    说明你的安装环境已经完成了。

    Android Studio配置Flutter环境

    • 启动Android Studio.
    • 打开插件首选项 (Configure>Preferences>Plugins on macOS)
    • 选择 Browse repositories…, 选择 Flutter 插件并点击 install.
    • 重启Android Studio后插件生效.
    配置Flutter.png

    重启完Android Studio.会发现多了一个Start a new Flutter project选项

    flutter_project.png

    点击进入选择下一步,然后配置flutter sdk的路径如图:

    配置flutter路径.png

    点击next,一个在Android Studio工具创建的Flutter就算成功了。

    使用xcode运行项目

    在生成Flutter项目中有android和ios两个文件。

    • 双击进入ios文件
    • 在前提现在xcode的情况下双击Runner.xcworkspace文件就可以打开。(ios开发比较熟悉,可以忽略)

    VSCode配置Flutter环境

    • 安装好VSCode并打开VSCode,操作如图:
    VSCode教程1.png
    • 安装完之后,通过终端创建你的flutter项目。可以在想在位置创建你的fluuter项目

        flutter create 项目名
      
    • 创建完项目之后,通过VSCode打开项目,并运行项目指令:

        flutter run
      
    VSCode教程2.png

    运行完项目就可以看到模拟器上运行着项目:

    VSCode教程3.png

    结尾

    到此Flutter环境的安装和配置基本告一段落。现在就可以正式开启你的Flutter 之旅。

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