Scrapy爬取炉石传说原画实践

前言：

本文章适用于在Pycharm上使用Scrapy爬取炉石传说原画。

思路:

炉石传说原画网址

真相是假
当我们打开开发者工具发现，并不需要模拟点击“点击查看更多”，而是被display:none所隐藏
因此我们只要获取所有的<li></li>标签即可
真相是真

$x('//*[@id="dq_list"]/li')  //获取所有的li标签

Chrome xpath
最后只需要获取<img>下的src内容 以及 div class="kp-name"的内容即可
item 分析

代码准备:

快速构建一个scrapy项目

scrapy startproject lushichuanshuo

项目目录结构

items.py （爬取字段）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class LushichuanshuoItem(scrapy.Item):
    img = scrapy.Field()
    name = scrapy.Field()

pipelines.py （管道 存放验证数据）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import os


class LushichuanshuoPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        file = open(os.path.dirname(__file__) + '/data/lushi1.txt', "a", encoding='utf-8')
        item_string = str(item)
        file.write(item_string)
        file.write('\n')
        file.close()
        return item


    def close_spider(self, spider):
        # 关闭爬虫时顺便将文件保存退出
        self.file.close()

settings.py （配置文件）

BOT_NAME = 'lushichuanshuo'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['lushichuanshuo.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'lushichuanshuo.spiders'

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'lushichuanshuo.pipelines.LushichuanshuoPipeline': 100,
}

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'lushichuanshuo (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/50.0.2661.102 Safari/537.36'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'lushichuanshuo.middlewares.LushichuanshuoSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'lushichuanshuo.middlewares.LushichuanshuoDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    'lushichuanshuo.pipelines.LushichuanshuoPipeline': 300,
#}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

lushispider1.py （爬虫文件）

import scrapy
from lushichuanshuo.items import LushichuanshuoItem


class DoubanshuSpiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "lushichuanshuo_spider1"
    start_urls = (
        'http://news.4399.com/gonglue/lscs/kptj/',
    )
    def parse(self, response):
        sel = scrapy.Selector(response)
        illustrates = sel.xpath('//*[@id="dq_list"]/li')
        item = LushichuanshuoItem()
        for each in illustrates:
            img = each.xpath('a/img/@lz_src').extract()  //这里根据网页得到的内容用@lz_src替代@src
            name = each.xpath('a/div/text()').extract()
            item['img'] = img
            item['name'] = name
            yield item
        # next_page = sel.xpath('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[1]/div[31]/span[@class="next"]/a/@href').extract()
        # if next_page:
        #     next = next_page[0]
        #     yield scrapy.http.Request(next, callback=self.parse)

main.py （程序执行处）

from scrapy import cmdline

cmdline.execute(["scrapy", "crawl", "lushichuanshuo_spider1"])  
//lushichuanshuo_spider1必须与lushispider1.py中的name一致

爬取数据

运行main.py

运行

发现800张原画已经被我们爬取下来

成果展示

至此在Pycharm下使用Scrapy爬取第一个网页的Demo已完成！

谢谢阅读，有帮助的点个❤！