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Volley支持Https及自签名证书

Volley支持Https及自签名证书

作者: d2f3569f311c | 来源:发表于2016-11-25 12:36 被阅读897次

    1.https是什么?

    简单讲,https 是在http的基础上增加了SSL/TLS协议
    详细参见HTTPS传输加密原理

    2.Android支持的证书类型有哪些?

    1)受信证书(由安卓认可的证书颁发机构, 或这些机构的下属机构颁发的证书)详细参见受信任的证书颁发机构
    2)不受信证书(没有得到安卓认可的证书颁发机构颁发的证书)
    3)自签名证书(自己颁发的证书, 分临时性的(在开发阶段使用)或在发布的产品中永久性使用的两种)

    3.为什么使用自签名证书?

    1)免费( 购买受信任机构颁发的证书每年要交 100 到 500 美元不等的费用. 自签名证书不花一分钱)
    2)普及率高(自签名证书在手机应用中的普及率较高 ,跟用电脑浏览网页不同, 手机的应用一般就固定连一台服务器)
    3)方便(在开发阶段写的代码, 测试跟发布的时候也可以用)

    4.Volley如何支持https?

    1)受信证书,不需要修改代码,直接使用,就像SSL/TLS协议透明
    2)不受信证书和自签名证书,需要修改Volley库代码(Volley底层支持,但是没有暴露出来方法)

    5.如何修改Volley库代码?

    1)clone volley库
    a.从Google Repository clone
    b.从清华镜像 clone
    2)代码修改

    volley_https_ssl.png
    3)SSLSocketHelper.java
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.security.KeyManagementException;
    import java.security.KeyStore;
    import java.security.KeyStoreException;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.security.cert.Certificate;
    import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
    import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
    
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
    import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
    import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
    import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
    import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
    
    
    public class SSLSocketHelper {
        private static TrustManager[] getWrappedTrustManagers(TrustManager[] trustManagers) {
            final X509TrustManager originalTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) trustManagers[0];
            return new TrustManager[]{
                new X509TrustManager() {
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                        return originalTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers();
                    }
    
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
                        try {
                            if (certs != null && certs.length > 0){
                                certs[0].checkValidity();
                            } else {
                                originalTrustManager.checkClientTrusted(certs, authType);
                            }
                        } catch (CertificateException e) {
                            Log.w("checkClientTrusted", e.toString());
                        }
                    }
    
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
                        try {
                            if (certs != null && certs.length > 0){
                                certs[0].checkValidity();
                            } else {
                                originalTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(certs, authType);
                            }
                        } catch (CertificateException e) {
                            Log.w("checkServerTrusted", e.toString());
                        }
                    }
                }
        };
    }
    
    public static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactoryByCertificate(Context context,String keyStoreType, int keystoreResId)
            throws CertificateException, KeyStoreException, IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
    
        CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
        InputStream caInput = context.getResources().openRawResource(keystoreResId);
    
        Certificate ca = cf.generateCertificate(caInput);
        caInput.close();
    
        if (keyStoreType == null || keyStoreType.length() == 0) {
            keyStoreType = KeyStore.getDefaultType();
        }
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType);
        keyStore.load(null, null);
        keyStore.setCertificateEntry("ca", ca);
    
        String tmfAlgorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm();
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfAlgorithm);
        tmf.init(keyStore);
    
        TrustManager[] wrappedTrustManagers = getWrappedTrustManagers(tmf.getTrustManagers());
    
        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sslContext.init(null, wrappedTrustManagers, null);
    
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
    }
    
    public static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactoryByKeyStore(Context context,String keyStoreType, int keystoreResId, String keyPassword)
            throws CertificateException, KeyStoreException, IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
    
        InputStream caInput = context.getResources().openRawResource(keystoreResId);
    
        // creating a KeyStore containing trusted CAs
    
        if (keyStoreType == null || keyStoreType.length() == 0) {
            keyStoreType = KeyStore.getDefaultType();
        }
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType);
    
        keyStore.load(caInput, keyPassword.toCharArray());
    
        // creating a TrustManager that trusts the CAs in the KeyStore
    
        String tmfAlgorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm();
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfAlgorithm);
        tmf.init(keyStore);
    
        TrustManager[] wrappedTrustManagers = getWrappedTrustManagers(tmf.getTrustManagers());
    
        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sslContext.init(null, wrappedTrustManagers, null);
    
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
        }
    }
    

    4)详细可参看GitHub工程
    GitHub工程与原始的volley对比:
    a.增加了cache包,com.android.volley.ssl包,com.android.volley.utils包
    b.在com.android.volley.toolbox包中,新增ByteRequest.java,GsonRequest.java,JsonArrayPostRequest.java,JsonObjectPostRequest.java,修改了Volley.java
    c.只有com.android.volley.ssl包和Volley.java与支持https自签名证书有关系

    6.如何自签名证书?

    一般是运维搞,可参考如下链接:
    使用 OpenSSL 生成自签名证书
    基于OpenSSL自建CA和颁发SSL证书
    使用openssl生成自签名证书以及nginx ssl双向验证
    创建并部署自签名的 SSL 证书到 Nginx

    7.本工程在CFCA证书中验证通过,也可直接使用jar包:httpsVolley/build/intermediates/bundles/release/classes.jar

    8.信任所有证书,实现简单,但有风险,不能在产品中使用。可参考【第六篇】Volley之https相关

    9.WebView 支持https

    import android.webkit.WebView;
    import android.webkit.WebViewClient;
    import android.webkit.SslErrorHandler;
    import android.net.http.SslError;
    
    private WebView webView;
    
    webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.my_webview);
    webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
    
    @Override
    public void onReceivedSslError (WebView view, SslErrorHandler handler, SslError error) {
            handler.proceed();
        }
    });
    

    10.参考链接

    国内镜像加速Android源码下载
    通过 HTTPS 和 SSL 确保安全
    Certificate authority
    清华大学开源软件镜像站
    Does the Web View on Android support SSL?
    Android _实现SSL解决不受信任的证书问题
    Using Android Volley With Self-Signed SSL Certificate
    Android volley self signed HTTPS trust anchor for certification path not found
    Android 网络--我是怎么做的: Volley+OkHttp+Https
    Making a HTTPS request using Android Volley

    11.后记

    1)上层使用(HttpService.java 修改)

    Paste_Image.png

    2)最上层使用(BaseActivity.java修改)

    Paste_Image.png

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