properties文件读取方式,总结有如下三种:
1)使用JDK自带的的IO包读取properties文件
2)使用commons.configuration包读取properties文件
3)使用commons.io包下的FileUtils工具类
以下分别对上述三种方法进行详细介绍:
1、方法一,使用JDK自带的的IO包读取properties文件
将config.properties文件放置在工程的src/main/resources下
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Properties;
public class PropertiesTestUtis {
private static Properties properties = null;
static {
if(null == properties){
properties = new Properties();
InputStreamReader reader = null;
try{
reader = new InputStreamReader(PropertiesTestUtis.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.properties"),"utf-8");
properties.load(reader);
reader.close();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(reader != null){
reader = null;
}
}
}
}
private PropertiesTestUtis(){}
public static String getString(String key){
return properties.getProperty(key);
}
public static void main (String args[]){
String name = PropertiesTestUtis.getString("application.name");
System.out.println(" name="+name );
String title = PropertiesTestUtis.getString("application.title");
System.out.println(" title="+title );
}
}
2、方法二,使用commons.configuration包读取properties文件
在pom.xml文件中导入包:commons.configuration
将config.properties文件放置在工程的src/main/resources下
使用commons.configuration包下的PropertiesConfiguration类读取properties文件
Properties文件内容如下:
image.png
import org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractConfiguration;
import org.apache.commons.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.commons.configuration.ConfigurationException;
import org.apache.commons.configuration.PropertiesConfiguration;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
public class PropertiesUtils {
static Configuration configuration;
public static Configuration getCommonsPropertis(String fileName) {
try {
configuration = new PropertiesConfiguration(fileName);
} catch (ConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return configuration;
}
public static void readProperiesFile(){
try {
//注意路径默认指向的是classpath的根目录
configuration = new PropertiesConfiguration("config.properties");
//对于一般属性直接获取就行
String ip = configuration.getString("ip");
int port = configuration.getInt("port");
System.out.println(" ip="+ip+" port="+port);
// //application.title属性的值是组合而成的,获取时可直接获取
String title = configuration.getString("application.title");
System.out.println(" title="+title );//title=Killer App 1.6.2
//file.properties文件中如果不在存 id及对应的值,就自动为其添加及设置id及id值
String id = configuration.getString("id","me is id");
System.out.println(" id="+id );//id=me is id
String[] keys = configuration.getStringArray("keys");
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(keys));//[cn, com, org, uk, edu, jp, hk]
List<Object> list = configuration.getList("keys");
for(Object ls : list){
System.out.print("\t"+ls.toString());//cn com org uk edu jp hk
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(list.toArray()));//[cn, com, org, uk, edu, jp, hk]
//因为Configuration 默认是以 逗号 分隔字符串,而config.properties文件中 con的值中是以”-“连接的,所以需要修改Configuration的默认分隔字符串 为”-“
AbstractConfiguration.setDefaultListDelimiter('-');
//修改默认分隔字符串 为”-“后,需要重新加载config.properties文件
Configuration config = new PropertiesConfiguration("config.properties");
//通过Configuration的getList方法获取以”-“分隔后的con值,返回类型为List
List<Object> conlist = config.getList("con");
//conlist.toArray() 将conlist转化为一个对象,然后Arrays.toString()将数组打印出来
String str = Arrays.toString(conlist.toArray());
System.out.println(" str="+str );//str=[cn, com, org, uk, edu, jp, hk]
} catch (ConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main (String args[]){
PropertiesUtils.readProperiesFile();
}
}
3、方法三,commons-io 的FileUtils工具类操作文件
前提,先导入commons-io包
1)读文件readFileToString、readLines
//读文件
//static String:readFileToString(File file, String encoding)
System.out.println(FileUtils.readFileToString(new File("D:/a/b/cxyapi.txt"), "UTF-8"));
//static List<String>:readLines(File file, String encoding) 返回一个list
List<String> list = FileUtils.readLines(new File("d:/source/pushClaim.xml"),"utf-8");
for(String l : list){
System.out.println(l);
2)写文件writeStringToFile、write
//四个参数分别为:目标文件,写入的字符串,字符集,是否追加
FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File("d:/source/pushClaim.xml"),"我是被写入的内容","",true);
//write可以接受charsequence类型的数据,string,stringbuilder和stringbuffer都是实现了charsequence接口
FileUtils.write(new File("d:/source/pushClaim.xml"),"target char sequence","utf-8",true);
List<String> lines=new ArrayList<String>();
lines.add("欢迎访问:");
lines.add("www.cxyapi.com");
FileUtils.writeLines(new File("D:/a/b/cxyapi.txt"),lines,true);
3)删除文件/文件夹deleteDirectory、deleteQuietly
//删除目录
//static void:deleteDirectory(File directory)
FileUtils.deleteDirectory(new File("D:/not/cxyapi"));
//static boolean:deleteQuietly(File file) 文件夹不是空任然可以被删除,永远不会抛出异常
FileUtils.deleteQuietly(new File("D:/not/cxyapi"));
4)移动、复制文件/文件夹
仅仅拷贝目录
File sourceDir= new File("D:\\source");
File targetDir = new File("C:\\target");
FileUtils.copyDirectory(sourceDir,targetDir,DirectoryFileFilter.DIRECTORY);
将sourcefile中的文件内容移到targetfile的pc.xml文件中,source中的文件被移除,pc.xml是不存在的,移动时自动创建。
File sourcefile = new File("D:\\source\\pushClaim.xml");
File targetfile = new File("C:\\target\\pc.xml");
FileUtils.moveFile(sourcefile,targetfile);
将sourcefile中的文件内容复制到targetfile的pc.xml文件中,pc.xml是不存在的,移动时自动创建。
File sourcefile1 = new File("D:\\source\\pushClaim.xml");
File targetfile1 = new File("C:\\target\\pc1.xml");
FileUtils.copyFile(sourcefile1,targetfile1,true);
拷贝文件到目录中
FileUtils.copyFileToDirectory(new File("d:/cxyapi.xml"), new File("d:/cxyapi"));
拷贝url到文件
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL("http://www.cxyapi.com/rss/cxyapi.xml"), new File("d:/cxyapi.xml"));
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