该篇包含Python Standard Library的中文目录以及相关知识点拓展。
版本为Python3.7.1版。
-
Built-in Types 内置类型
4.1 Truth Value Testing 真值检验
4.2 Boolean Operations 布尔运算 — and, or, not
4.3 Comparisons 比较
4.4 Numeric Types 数值类型 — int, float, complex
4.5 Iterator Types 迭代器类型
4.6 Sequence Types 序列类型 — list, tuple, range
4.7 Text Sequence Type 文本序列类型 — str
4.8 Binary Sequence Types 二进制序列类型 — bytes, bytes array, memoryview
4.9 Set Types — set, frozenset
4.10 Mapping Types 映射类型 — dict
4.11 Context Manager Types 上下文管理器类型
4.12 Other Built-in Types
4.13 Special Attributes -
Built-in Exceptions 内置异常
5.1 Base classes 基类
5.2 Concrete exceptions 具体异常
5.3 Warnings 警告
5.4 Exception hierarchy 异常继承 -
Text Processing Services 文本处理服务
6.1 string — Common string operations 常用字符串操作
6.2 re — Regular expression operations 正则表达式操作
6.3 difflib — Helpers for computing deltas 比较序列，计算差异
6.4 textwrap — Text wrapping and filling 文本包装与填充
6.5 unicodedata — Unicode Database 统一字符编码数据库
6.6 stringprep — Internet String Preparation 为internet协议准备统一的字符编码
6.7 readline — GNU readline interface GNU读写器接口
6.8 rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline GNU读写器相关功能 -
Binary Data Services 二进制数据服务
7.1 struct — Interpret bytes as packed binary data
7.2 codecs — Codec registry and base classes -
Data Types 数据类型
8.1 datetime — Basic date and time types 日期与时间
8.2 calendar — General calendar-related functions 日历
8.3 collections— Container datatypes
8.4 collections.abc — Abstract Base Classes for Containers
8.5 heapq — Heap queue algorithm 堆排序算法
8.6 bisect — Array bisection algorithm 数组二分算法
8.7 array — Efficient arrays of numeric values 高效的数值数组
8.8 weakref — Weak references 弱引用
8.9 types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types 动态类型的创建和其他内置类型
8.10 copy — Shallow and deep copy operations 浅层和深层拷贝操作
8.11 pprint — Data pretty printer 数据打印美化器
8.12 reprlib — Alternate repr() implementation
8.13 enum 枚举 -
Numeric and Mathematical Modules 数值和数学模块
9.1 numbers — Numeric abstract base classes 数值的抽象基类
9.2 math — Mathematical functions 数学函数
9.3 cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers 复数的数学函数
9.4 decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic 十进制的固定和浮点算法
9.5 fractions — Rational numbers有理数
9.6 random — Generate pseudo-random numbers 生成伪随机数
9.7 statistics — Mathematical statistics functions 统计 -
Functional Programming Modules 编程函数
10.1 itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping 迭代器的高级使用功能
10.2 functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects 高阶函数和可调用对象的操作
10.3 operator — Standard operators as functions 标准运算函数 -
File and Directory Access 文件和目录访问
11.1 pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths 面向对象的文件系统路径
11.2 os.path — Common pathname manipulations 常用的路径名操作
11.3 fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams 多个文件的处理
11.4 stat — Interpreting stat() results
11.5 filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons 文件与目录比较
11.6 tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories 生成临时文件和目录
11.7 glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion Unix样式路径名模式扩展
11.8 fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching Unix文件名模式匹配
11.9 linecache — Random access to text lines 随机访问文本行
11.10 shutil — High-level file operations 高级文件操作
11.11 macpath — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions MacOS 9路径操作函数 -
Data Persistence 数据持久性
12.1 pickle — Python object serialization Python对象序列化
12.2 copyreg — Register pickle support functions
12.3 shelve — Python object persistence Python对象持久化
12.4 marshal — Internal Python object serialization 内部Python对象序列化
12.5 dmb— Interfaces to Unix “databases” Unix数据库接口
12.6 sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases SQLite数据库接口 -
Data Compression and Archiving 数据压缩和存档
13.1 zlib — Compression compatible with gzip 与gzip兼容的压缩
13.2 gzip — Support for gzip files 对gzip文件的支持
13.3 bz2 — Support for bzip2 compression 支持bzip2压缩
13.4 lzma — Compression using the LZMA algorithm 使用lzma算法进行压缩
13.5 zipfile — Work with ZIP archives ZIP存档
13.6 tarfile — Read and write tar archive files 读取和存入tar存档文件 -
File Formats 文件格式
14.1 csv — CSV File Reading and Writing CSV文件的读写
14.2 configparser — Configuration file parser 配置文件解析器
14.3 netrc — netrc file processing netrc文件处理
14.4 xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data 编解码XDR数据
14.5 plistlib — Generate and parse Mac OS X .plist files 生成和解析MAC OS X .plist文件 -
Cryptographic Services 密码服务
15.1 hashlib — Secure hashes and message digests 安全哈希和信息摘要
15.2 hmac — Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication 密钥哈希用于消息身份验证
15.3 secrets — Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets 生成安全随机数字用于管理机密 -
Generic Operating System Services 通用操作系统服务
16.1 os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces 杂项操作系统接口
16.2 io — Core tools for working with streams IO核心操作功能
16.3 time — Time access and conversions 时间访问和转换
16.4 argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands 命令行选项、参数和子命令的解析器
16.5 getopt — C-style parser for command line options C风格的命令行选项解析器
16.6 logging — Logging facility for Python Python日志记录功能
16.7 logging.config — Logging configuration 日志配置
16.8 logging.handlers — Logging handlers 日志提交
16.9 getpass — Portable password input 便携式密码输入
16.10 curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays 字符单元显示器的终端处理
16.11 curses.textpad — Text input widget for curses programs
16.12 curses.ascii — Utilities for ASCII characters
16.13 curses.panel — A panel stack extension for curses
16.14 platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data 获取底层平台的识别数据
16.15 errno — Standard errno system symbols 标准错误系统符号
16.16 ctypes — A foreign function library for Python Python的外部函数库 -
Concurrent Execution 并发执行
17.1 threading — Thread-based parallelism 线程并发
17.2 multiprocessing — Process-based parallelism 进程并发
17.3 The concurrent package 并发包
17.4 concurrent.futures — Launching parallel tasks 开展并行任务
17.5 subprocess — Subprocess management 子进程管理
17.6 sched — Event scheduler 事件调度程序
17.7 queue — A synchronized queue class 一个同步队列类
17.8 _tread — Low-level threading API 低级别的线程API
17.9 _dummy_thread— Drop-in replacement for the _thread module 插入替换线程模块
17.10 dummy_thread— Drop-in replacement for the _thread module 插入替换线程模块 -
contextvars— Context Variables上下文变量
18.1 Context Variables 上下文变量
18.2 Manual Context Management 手动上下文管理
18.3 asyncio support 异步支持 -
Networking and Interprocess Communication 网络和进程间通信
19.1 asyncio — Asynchronous I/O 异步输入输出
19.2 socket — Low-level networking interface 低层级的网络接口
19.3 ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects
19.4 select — Waiting for I/O completion
19.5 selectors — High-level I/O multiplexing 高级别的I/O复用
19.6 asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler 异步socke处理
19.7 asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler 异步socket命令/响应处理
19.8 signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events 设置异步事件的处理程序
19.9 mmap — Memory-mapped file support 内存映射文件支持 -
Internet Data Handling 网络数据处理
20.1 email — An email and MIME handling package
20.2 json — JSON encoder and decoder JSON编码器和解码器
20.3 mailcap — Mailcap file handling 邮箱档案处理
20.4 mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats 操作各种格式的邮箱
20.5 mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types 将文件名映射为MIME类型
20.6 base64 — Base16, Base32, Base64, Base85 Data Encodings -base 16，base 32，base 64，base 85数据编码
20.7 binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files 编译binhex4文件
20.8 binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII 二进制和ASCII之间的转换
20.9 quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data
20.10 uu — Encode and decode uuencode files 编解码uuencode文件 -
Structured Markup Processing Tools 结构化标记处理工具
21.1 html — HyperText Markup Language support 超文本标记语言支持
21.2 html.parser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser 简单的HTML和XHTML解析器
21.3 html.entities — Definitions of HTML general entities HTML通用实体的定义
21.4 XML Processing Modules XML处理模块
21.5 xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API 元素树XML API
21.6 xml.dom — The Document Object Model API 文档对象模型API
21.7 xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation 最小DOM实现
21.8 xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees 支持构建部分DOM树
21.9 xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers
21.10 xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers SAX处理程序的基类
21.11 xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities SAX实用程序
21.12 xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers XML解析器的接口
21.13 xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat 使用Expat进行快速XML解析 -
Internet Protocols and Support 网络协议
22.1 webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller Web浏览器控制器
22.2 cgi — Common Gateway Interface support 公共网关接口支持
22.3 cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts cgi脚本的跟踪管理器
22.4 wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation WSGI实用程序和参考实现
22.5 urllib — URL handling modules URL处理模块
22.6 urllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLs 打开URL的可扩展库
22.7 urllib.response — Response classes used by urllib
22.8 urllib.parse — Parse URLs into components 将URL解析为组件
22.9 urllib.error — Exception classes raised by urllib.request 由urllib.request引发的异常类
22.10 urllib.robotparser — Parser for robots.txt
22.11 http — HTTP modules HTTP模块
22.12 http.client — HTTP protocol client HTTP协议客户端
22.13 ftplib — FTP protocol client FTP协议客户端
22.14 poplib — POP3 protocol client POP3协议客户端
22.15 imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client iMAP4协议客户端
22.16 nntplib — NNTP protocol client NNTP协议客户端
22.17 smtplib — SMTP protocol client SMTP协议客户端
22.18 smtpd — SMTP Server SMTP服务器
22.19 telnetlib — Telnet client Telnet客户端
22.20 uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122 根据RFC 4122的UUID对象
22.21 socketserver — A framework for network servers 网络服务器的框架
22.22 http.server — HTTP servers HTTP服务器
22.23 http.cookies — HTTP state management HTTP状态管理
22.24 http.cookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients HTTP客户端的Cookie处理
22.25 xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modules
22.26 xmlrpc.client — XML-RPC client access XML-RPC客户端访问
22.27 xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers 基本的xml-rpc服务器
22.28 ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library IPv4/IPv6操作库 -
Multimedia Services 多媒体服务
23.1 audioop — Manipulate raw audio data 操纵原始音频数据
23.2 aifc — Read and write AIFF and AIFC files 读写AIFF和AIFC文件
23.3 sunau — Read and write Sun AU files 读写Sun AU文件
23.4 wave — Read and write WAV files 读写WAV文件
23.5 chunk — Read IFF chunked data 读取IFF块数据
23.6 colorsys — Conversions between color systems 颜色系统之间的转换
23.7 imghdr — Determine the type of an image 确定图像的类型
23.8 sndhdr — Determine type of sound file 确定声音文件的类型
23.9 ossaudiodev — Access to OSS-compatible audio devices 使用OSS兼容的音频设备 -
Internationalization 国际化
24.1 gettext — Multilingual internationalization services 多语言国际化服务
24.2 locale — Internationalization services 地区-国际化服务 -
Program Frameworks 程序框架
25.1 turtle — Turtle graphics 海龟图形
25.2 cmd — Support for line-oriented command interpreters 支持面向行的命令解释器
25.3 shlex — Simple lexical analysis 简单词汇分析 -
Graphical User Interfaces with Tk 使用Tk的图形用户界面
26.1 tkinter — Python interface to Tcl/Tk tcl/tk的Python接口
26.2 tkinter.ttk — Tk themed widgets TK主题小部件
26.3 tkinter.tix — Extension widgets for Tk Tk的扩展小部件
26.4 tkinter.scrolledtext — Scrolled Text Widget 滚动文本小部件
26.5 IDLE Python开发环境
26.6 Other Graphical User Interface Packages 其他图形用户界面包 -
Development Tools 开发工具
27.1 typing — Support for type hints 支持类型提示
27.2 pydoc — Documentation generator and online help system 文件生成器和联机帮助系统
27.3 doctest — Test interactive Python examples 测试交互式Python示例
27.4 unittest — Unit testing framework 单元测试框架
27.5 unittest.mock — mock object library 模拟对象库
27.6 unittest.mock — getting started
27.7 2to3 - Automated Python 2 to 3 code translation 自动Python 2到3代码转换
27.8 test — Regression tests package for Python 测试回归测试包
27.9 test.support — Utilities for the Python test suite Python测试套件的实用程序
27.10 test.support.script_helper — Utilities for the Python execution tests Python执行测试的实用程序 -
Debugging and Profiling 调试分析
28.1 bdb — Debugger framework 调试器框架
28.2 faulthandler — Dump the Python traceback 代码回溯
28.3 pdb — The Python Debugger Python调试器
28.4 The Python Profilers Python分析器
28.5 timeit — Measure execution time of small code snippets 测量小代码段的执行时间
28.6 trace — Trace or track Python statement execution 跟踪Python语句的执行
28.7 tracemalloc — Trace memory allocations 跟踪内存分配 -
Software Packaging and Distribution 软件封装与分发
29.1 distutils — Building and installing Python modules 构建和安装Python模块
29.2 ensurepip — Bootstrapping the pip installer 引导pip安装程序
29.3 venv — Creation of virtual environments 虚拟环境的创建
29.4 zipapp — Manage executable Python zip archives 管理可执行的Pythonzip档案 -
Python Runtime Services Python运行服务
30.1 sys — System-specific parameters and functions 系统特定参数和函数
30.2 sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information 提供对Python配置信息的访问
30.3 builtins — Built-in objects 内置对象
30.4 main — Top-level script environment 顶级脚本环境
30.5 warnings — Warning control 警告控制
30.6 dataclasses — Data Classes 数据类
30.7 contextlib — Utilities for with-statement contexts 语句上下文实用程序
30.8 abc — Abstract Base Classes 抽象基类
30.9 atexit — Exit handlers 退出处理程序
30.10 traceback — Print or retrieve a stack traceback 打印或检索堆栈追溯
30.11 future — Future statement definitions
30.12 gc — Garbage Collector interface 垃圾收集器接口
30.13 inspect — Inspect live objects
30.14 site — Site-specific configuration hook 特定于site的配置钩子 -
Custom Python Interpreters 自定义Python解释器
31.1 code — Interpreter base classes 代码解释器基类
31.2 codeop — Compile Python code 编译Python代码 -
Importing Modules 导入模块
32.1 zipimport — Import modules from Zip archives 从Zip档案导入模块
32.2 pkgutil — Package extension utility 包扩展实用程序
32.3 modulefinder — Find modules used by a script 使用脚本查找模块
32.4 runpy — Locating and executing Python modules 查找和执行Python模块
32.5 importlib — The implementation of import -
Python Language Services Python语言服务
33.1 parser — Access Python parse trees 访问Python解析树
33.2 ast — Abstract Syntax Trees 抽象语法树
33.3 symtable — Access to the compiler’s symbol tables 对编译器符号表的访问
33.4 symbol — Constants used with Python parse trees 用于Python解析树的symbol常量
33.5 token — Constants used with Python parse trees 用于Python解析树的token常量
33.6 keyword — Testing for Python keywords Python关键字的测试
33.7 tokenize — Tokenizer for Python source
33.8 tabnanny — Detection of ambiguous indentation 模糊缩进的检测
33.9 pyclbr — Python class browser support Python类浏览器支持
33.10 py_compile — Compile Python source files 编译Python源文件
33.11 compileall — Byte-compile Python libraries 字节编译Python库
33.12 dis — Disassembler for Python bytecode Python字节码的反汇编程序
33.13 pickletools — Tools for pickle developers -
Miscellaneous Services 杂项事务
34.1 formatter — Generic output formatting 格式化程序 -
MS Windows Specific Services Ms Windows专用服务
35.1 msilib — Read and write Microsoft Installer files 读写microsoft安装程序文件
35.2 msvcrt — Useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime MS VC+运行时的有用例程
35.3 winreg — Windows registry access Windows注册表访问
35.4 winsound — Sound-playing interface for Windows 用于Windows的声音播放接口 -
Unix Specific Services Unix专用服务
36.1 posix — The most common POSIX system calls 最常见的POSIX系统调用
36.2 pwd — The password database 密码数据库
36.3 spwd — The shadow password database 影子密码数据库
36.4 grp — The group database 群组数据库
36.5 crypt — Function to check Unix passwords 检查unix密码的函数
36.6 termios — POSIX style tty control
36.7 tty — Terminal control functions 终端控制功能
36.8 pty — Pseudo-terminal utilities 伪终端实用程序
36.9 fcntl — The fcntl and ioctl system calls
36.10 pipes — Interface to shell pipelines
36.11 resource — Resource usage information 资源使用信息
36.12 nis — Interface to Sun’s NIS (Yellow Pages)
36.13 syslog — Unix syslog library routines -
Superseded Modules 作废模块
37.1 optparse — Parser for command line options 命令行选项的分析程序
37.2 imp — Access the import internals -
Undocumented Modules 未分类模块
38.1 Platform specific modules 平台专用模块
网友评论