web3js脚本编写

作者: 攻城老狮 | 来源:发表于2020-07-25 14:36 被阅读0次

转账脚本

编写转账的js脚本，保存在transactionTest.js文件中

var Web3 = require('web3');
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://192.168.1.114:8989"));

var _from = web3.eth.accounts[0];
var _to = web3.eth.accounts[1];
var _value = 2333;

web3.eth.sendTransaction({from:_from,to:_to,value:_value},(err,res)=>{
    if(err){
        console.log("Error:",err);
    }else{
        console.log("Result:",res);
    }
});

在shell中敲如下命令

$ node transactionTest.js 
Result: 0xbae4d738ca3501d686781c10ce859b0b3eafefbeb21bf7344508017308a16587

转币合约的调用

编写solidity程序

pragma solidity ^0.4.26;

contract Coin{
    address public minter;
    mapping(address=>uint) public balance;
    event Sent(address from,address to,uint account);
    constructor() public{
        minter = msg.sender;        
    }
    
    function mint(address receiver,uint account) public{
        require(msg.sender == minter);
        balance[receiver] += account;
    }
    
    function send(address receiver,uint account) public{
        require(balance[msg.sender] >= account);
        balance[msg.sender] -= account;
        balance[receiver] += account;
        emit Sent(msg.sender,receiver,account);
    }
}

使用remix部署合约到本地私链

//部署的合约地址
0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323
//开账minter
0x613d104e6D80ce5A06e7987D39Bbd4eE0ccD7656
//区块号
26
//abi
[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"minter","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"send","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Sent","type":"event"}]
//操作前需要在geth中指定，使msg.sender保证为该用户发起 【可选】
> eth.defaultAccount = eth.coinbase // 之后就不用输入{from:..}

编写调用的js脚本，保存在sendCoin.js文件中

var Web3 = require('web3');
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://192.168.1.114:8989"));

var _from = web3.eth.accounts[0];
var _to = web3.eth.accounts[1];
var amount = 12;

var abi = [{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"minter","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"send","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Sent","type":"event"}]
var CoinContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);
var contractAddr = "0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323";
var contractInstance = CoinContract.at(contractAddr);
contractInstance.send(_to,amount,{from:_from},(err,res)=>{
    if(err)
        console.log("Error:",err);
    else
        console.log("Result",res);
});

执行shell命令，并检验

$ node sendCoin.js
Result 0x1ea44d44b45a25ed18ee1190d52175f66b832403fb121518d67ea56c4dd24025

// 之前的余额信息
> contractInstance.balance(eth.accounts[1])
25
> INFO [05-29|21:07:45.047] Submitted transaction                    fullhash=0x1ea44d44b45a25ed18ee1190d52175f66b832403fb121518d67ea56c4dd24025 recipient=0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.047] Commit new mining work                   number=38 sealhash=12385d…3f2d34 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=41.826µs
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] Sealing paused, waiting for transactions 
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] Commit new mining work                   number=38 sealhash=58cda4…ccb9dc uncles=0 txs=1 gas=35756 fees=3.5756e-14 elapsed=497.6µs
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] Successfully sealed new block            number=38 sealhash=58cda4…ccb9dc hash=9922c2…b07bb9 elapsed=543.138µs
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] 🔨 mined potential block                  number=38 hash=9922c2…b07bb9
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] Commit new mining work                   number=39 sealhash=769859…b5c2b0 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=211.956µs
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.048] Sealing paused, waiting for transactions 
INFO [05-29|21:07:45.049] Commit new mining work                   number=39 sealhash=769859…b5c2b0 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=390.635µs
// 之后的余额信息，可以发现增加了12
> contractInstance.balance(eth.accounts[1])
37

（补充）优化上述脚本

实现转币地址和金额可以在命令行指定
实现在脚本中解锁账户(启动geth时候必须指定暴露personal的api接口 --rpcapi personal)

将下列代码写入 sendCoinPlus.js文件中

var Web3 = require('web3');
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://192.168.1.114:8989"));

//从命令行的第三个参数开始切割，忽略前面的 node sendCoinPlus.js 两个参数
var arguments = process.argv.splice(2);
var _from = arguments[0]
var _to = arguments[1];
var amount = arguments[2];

var abi = [{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"minter","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"send","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Sent","type":"event"}]
var CoinContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);
var contractAddr = "0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323";
var contractInstance = CoinContract.at(contractAddr);

//解锁账户
web3.personal.unlockAccount(_from,"199748",(err,res)=>{
    if(err){
        console.log("Error:",err);
    }else{
        contractInstance.send(_to,amount,{from:_from},(err,res)=>{
        if(err)
            console.log("Error:",err);
        else
            console.log("Result",res);
        });
    }
});

$ node sendCoinPlus.js "0x9f0316428ea5231b7116840df16ae0a768078ffd" "0x613d104e6d80ce5a06e7987d39bbd4ee0ccd7656" 10

事件监听

实现监听事件的js脚本，保存到 listenContract.js文件中

var Web3 = require('web3');
var web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://192.168.1.114:8989"));

var abi = [{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"minter","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"send","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"account","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Sent","type":"event"}]
var CoinContract = web3.eth.contract(abi);
var contractAddr = "0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323";
var contractInstance = CoinContract.at(contractAddr);
// 监听事件
contractInstance.Sent("latest",(err,res)=>{
   if(err)
       console.log("Error:",err);
   else
       console.log("Sent Event:",res);
});

启动监听，并发起一笔监听所在合约的调用

# 启动监听
$ node listenContract.js

//发起调用
> contractInstance.send(eth.accounts[2],10,{from:eth.accounts[0]})
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.702] Submitted transaction                    fullhash=0x55667599e6a3da27e823508d940e50a374168fa3093e0b20c0af94bc9b4908ed recipient=0x80f1A59742EF01a913Fe4B43ebaA759B9618B323
"0x55667599e6a3da27e823508d940e50a374168fa3093e0b20c0af94bc9b4908ed"
> INFO [05-29|22:25:46.716] Commit new mining work                   number=41 sealhash=b8e382…21e5a3 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=88.875µs
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.716] Sealing paused, waiting for transactions 
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.716] Commit new mining work                   number=41 sealhash=f31b2e…7f7d92 uncles=0 txs=1 gas=50756 fees=5.0756e-14 elapsed=852.866µs
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.722] Successfully sealed new block            number=41 sealhash=f31b2e…7f7d92 hash=c5d63e…232a9f elapsed=5.665ms
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.722] 🔨 mined potential block                  number=41 hash=c5d63e…232a9f
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.722] Commit new mining work                   number=42 sealhash=3ac604…6a129c uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=315.093µs
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.723] Sealing paused, waiting for transactions 
INFO [05-29|22:25:46.723] Commit new mining work                   number=42 sealhash=3ac604…6a129c uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0          elapsed=616.163µs

$ node listenContract.js
//可以发现，成功监听到事件
Sent Event: {
  address: '0x80f1a59742ef01a913fe4b43ebaa759b9618b323',
  blockNumber: 41,
  transactionHash: '0x55667599e6a3da27e823508d940e50a374168fa3093e0b20c0af94bc9b4908ed',
  transactionIndex: 0,
  blockHash: '0xc5d63ece5d0da1a6f3324d4949b4911d2b591217c996563d53857dbb33232a9f',
  logIndex: 0,
  removed: false,
  event: 'Sent',
  args: {
    from: '0x613d104e6d80ce5a06e7987d39bbd4ee0ccd7656',
    to: '0xf0a545c9bd6dbb358990b9bded9086d4bcbccbc3',
    account: BigNumber { s: 1, e: 1, c: [Array] }
  }
}

web3js脚本编写

转账脚本

转币合约的调用

事件监听

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