Swagger使用总结
1. Swagger是什么?
官方说法:Swagger是一个规范和完整的框架,用于生成、描述、调用和可视化 RESTful 风格的 Web 服务。总体目标是使客户端和文件系统作为服务器以同样的速度来更新。文件的方法,参数和模型紧密集成到服务器端的代码,允许API来始终保持同步。
个人觉得,swagger的一个最大的优点是能实时同步api与文档。在项目开发过程中,发生过多次:修改代码但是没有更新文档,前端还是按照老旧的文档进行开发,在联调过程中才发现问题的情况(当然依据开闭原则,对接口的修改是不允许的,但是在项目不稳定阶段,这种情况很难避免)。
2. spring boot 集成 Swagger
目前维护的系统是基于springboot框架开发的,因此本文会详细描述springboot与swagger集成的过程。
3,Swagger使用步骤:
3.1 导入相关的maven依赖
io.springfox
springfox-swagger2
2.5.0
io.springfox
springfox-swagger-ui
2.5.0
io.springfox
springfox-staticdocs
2.5.0
3.2 创建相关实体,controller,响应对象,主要看其中的注解的使用。
1 ,@Api(description = "用户相关接口文档")每个controller上的注解,表示这个controller主要的业务模块
2,@ApiOperation(value = "用户首页", notes = "访问页面")每个方法的注解,表示这个方法的业务功能是什么
3, @ApiParam(name = "userName",value = "用户昵称",required = true)方法参数注解,表示这个在这个业务方法中的名称,生成后的文档对该字段的说明,同样支持对象类型(引用类型),通过@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户id", required = true)来说明引用类型每个属性的作用。
4,@RequestHeader("token") String token 这个注解可以获取和设置header的参数,如用户身份签名。
controller
package org.kewei.zhang.controllers;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;
import org.kewei.zhang.Beans.TbTest;
import org.kewei.zhang.entites.Constants;
import org.kewei.zhang.entites.Result;
import org.kewei.zhang.entites.UserVo;
import org.kewei.zhang.mapper.TbTestMapper;
import org.kewei.zhang.utils.DateUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* @author : kewei.zhang
* @Date: 2017/10/19
* @Time: 下午3:00
* Description: 用于处理所有天网案件action的统一入口
*/
@SuppressWarnings("ALL")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/case")
@Api(description = "用户相关接口文档")
public class SnCaseController extends BaseController {
@Autowired
private TbTestMapper tbTestMapper;
@GetMapping("/index")
@ApiOperation(value = "用户首页", notes = "访问页面")
public String index() {
TbTest tbTest = new TbTest();
tbTest.setAge(1);
tbTest.setBrithday(new Date());
tbTest.setHigh(172);
tbTest.setIsboy((short) 1);
tbTest.setName("张克巍");
tbTest.setSchool("皖西学院");
tbTest.setWigth(158);
tbTestMapper.insert(tbTest);
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ApiOperation(value = "添加用户", notes = "增加用户")
public Result add(@ApiParam(name = "token", value = "token",required = true) @RequestParam(name = "token", required = true) String token,
@ApiParam(name = "userName",value = "用户昵称",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "userName",required = true)String userName,
@ApiParam(name = "mobile",value = "手机",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "mobile",required = true)String mobile,
@ApiParam(required = true, name = "email", value = "邮箱") @RequestParam(name = "email", required = true) String email ) {
return new Result(Constants.SUCCESS,Constants.MSG_SUCCESS,new UserVo());
}
@RequestMapping(value = {"/toAdd","/testAdd"}, method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ApiOperation(value = "用户添加", notes = "用户增加")
public Result toAdd(@ApiParam(name = "token", value = "token",required = true) @RequestParam(name = "token", required = true) String token,
@ApiParam(name = "userName",value = "用户昵称",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "userName",required = true)String userName,
@ApiParam(name = "mobile",value = "手机",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "mobile",required = true)String mobile,
@ApiParam(required = true, name = "email", value = "邮箱") @RequestParam(name = "email", required = true) String email ) {
return new Result(Constants.SUCCESS,Constants.MSG_SUCCESS,new UserVo());
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/update", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ApiOperation(value = "更新用户", notes = "用户更新")
public Result update(@ApiParam(name = "user", value = "user",required = true)@RequestBody UserVo userVo ) {
return new Result(Constants.SUCCESS,Constants.MSG_SUCCESS,userVo);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/getHeader", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ApiOperation(value = "获取用户头部信息", notes = "获取用户头部信息")
public Result getHeader(@ApiParam(name = "token", value = "用户身份",required = true)@RequestHeader("token") String token,
@ApiParam(name = "userName",value = "用户昵称",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "userName",required = true)String userName,
@ApiParam(name = "mobile",value = "手机",required = true)@RequestParam(name = "mobile",required = true)String mobile) {
UserVo userVo= new UserVo();
userVo.setUserName(token+userName+mobile);
return new Result(Constants.SUCCESS,Constants.MSG_SUCCESS,userVo);
}
}
bean 这里需要注意,如果有boolean类型,要为其添加getXX
X和setXXX方法,不是isXXX,因为swagger不识别isXXX
package org.kewei.zhang.entites;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
/**
* @author: kewei.zhang
* @Date: 2017/12/5
* @Time: 下午3:15
* Description:
*/
@ApiModel(value = "用户信息")
public class UserVo {
@ApiModelProperty(value = "用户id", required = true)
private long userId=10;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "昵称", required = true)
private String userName="张克巍";
public long getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(long userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
}
响应实体
package org.kewei.zhang.entites;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author: kewei.zhang
* @Date: 2017/12/5
* @Time: 下午3:11
* Description:
*/
@ApiModel
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
public class Result implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// 200成功
@ApiModelProperty(value = "错误码", name = "错误码")
private int code;
// 返回消息,成功为“success”,失败为具体失败信息
@ApiModelProperty(value = "错误码描述", name = "错误码描述")
private String desc;
// 返回数据
@ApiModelProperty(value = "数据对象", name = "数据对象")
private T data;
public Result() {
}
public Result(int code, String desc) {
this.code = code;
this.desc = desc;
}
public Result(int code, String desc, T data) {
this.code = code;
this.desc = desc;
this.data = data;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getDesc() {
return desc;
}
public void setDesc(String desc) {
this.desc = desc;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Result{" +
"code=" + code +
", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
", data=" + data +
'}';
}
}
package org.kewei.zhang.entites;
/**
* @author: kewei.zhang
* @Date: 2017/12/5
* @Time: 下午3:13
* Description:
*/
public interface Constants {
////////////// 系统标识符 开始//////////////////
/**
* 错误 描述
*/
String MSG_ERROR = "error";
/**
* 成功 描述
*/
String MSG_SUCCESS = "OK";
////////////// 系统状态码 开始//////////////////
/**
* 请求失败
*/
int ERROR = 100;
/**
* 请求成功
*/
int SUCCESS = 200;
}
3.3 swagger添加配置信息@Configuration@EnableSwagger2
package org.kewei.zhang.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* @author: kewei.zhang
* @Date: 2017/12/5
* @Time: 下午3:04
* Description:
*/
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
@Component
public class SwaggerConfig {
@Bean
public Docket userApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.groupName("用户")
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("org.kewei.zhang.controller"))// 选择那些路径和api会生成document,每个controller都需要添加
.paths(PathSelectors.any()) // 对所有路径进行监控
.build()
.apiInfo(userInfo());
}
private ApiInfo userInfo() {
ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfo("用户相关接口",//大标题
"用户有关的接口,包括增加删除用户",//小标题
"0.1",//版本
"上海",
new Contact("zkw", "", ""),// 作者
"swagger url",//链接显示文字
""//网站链接
);
return apiInfo;
}
}
3.4 在浏览器中输入http://ip:port/your-app-root/swagger-ui.html即可生成相应的文档并可以随时测试。
图片.png
图片.png
图中的文字说明都是通过之前的注解添加进去的
上述是完成生成api文档的具体步骤,但是有这样几个问题值得大家思考。
接口文档生成,需要嵌入我们的项目中,对我们的代码有侵入,这一点现在避免不了,而且我们只希望用户在我们的测试环境去测试,不希望生成环境去生成文档,如何解决这个问题,方法有两种,如下:
在配置中做管理
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.XXX.controller")
public class SwaggerConfig{
@Autowired
ConfigService configService;
@Bean
public Docket customDocket() {
if(configService.getServerEnv() == ServerEnvEnum.ONLINE) {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfoOnline())
.select()
.paths(PathSelectors.none())//如果是线上环境,添加路径过滤,设置为全部都不符合
.build();
}else {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo());
}
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("XXX系统")
.description("XXX系统接口")
.license("")
.licenseUrl("")
.termsOfServiceUrl("")
.version("1.0.0")
.contact(new Contact("","", ""))
.build();
}
private ApiInfo apiInfoOnline() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("")
.description("")
.license("")
.licenseUrl("")
.termsOfServiceUrl("")
.version("")
.contact(new Contact("","", ""))
.build();
}
}
另一种方式是:
修改一下依赖,为了编译通过,单独把swagger-annotations拿出来,线上环境把springfox-swagger-ui的依赖配置成是provided,这样可以实现http://localhost/swagger-ui.html访问404。但是:http://localhost/v2/api-docs和http://localhost/swagger-resources等接口依然能够访问,尽管是空的!
io.swagger
swagger-annotations
${springfox-swagger-anno.version}
io.springfox
springfox-swagger2
${springfox-swagger.version}
io.springfox
springfox-swagger-ui
${swagger.scope}
${springfox-swagger.version}
online
online
provided
作者:时之令
链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/c8b5382c39dc
來源:简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
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