mybatis

作者: 无聊新生 | 来源:发表于2017-08-21 19:14 被阅读0次

mybatis概念

  • 概念:一个持久层框架

  • 作用:ORM将sql语句映射成实体类

  • 特点:

    1、灵巧

    2、半自动化

    3、适用中小型项目的开发

mybatis入门

1.png

1、创建mybatis-config.xml文件

<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value=""/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
  <mappers>
    <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

2、创建映射文件UserMapper.xml

<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

  <mapper namespace="user">
    <select id="selectUser" resultType="com.hemi.mybatis.bean.User">
        select * from user where uid=1;
    </select>
  </mapper>

3、获取xml配置文件

InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");

4、创建SqlSessionFactory

SqlSessionFactory factory=new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

5、获取SqlSession

SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();

6、调用SqlSession的selectOne(命名空间.id名称)

Object object = sqlSession.selectOne("user.selectUser");

7、关闭SqlSession

sqlSession.close();

增删改

2.png
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.hemi.mybatis.bean.User">
    <!-- 通过#{属性名}来获取对象的值 -->
    insert into user (username,password) values(#{username},#{password}); 
</insert>

<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.hemi.mybatis.bean.User">
    update user set username=#{username},password=#{password} where uid=#{uid}
</update>

3.png
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
    delete from user where uid=#{value}
</delete>

映射器接口开发

一、定义一个接口

public interface TypeMapper {
    Type selectType(int typeid);
}

二、定义一个mapper.xml的映射文件

mapper文件的要求:

1.namespace的值就是对象接口的全类名,类名要和xml文件的名称一致

2.id的值就是抽象方法名

3.resultType的值必须和抽象方法的返回值一致(多条则与集合的泛型类一致)

4.parameterType的值和抽象方法的参数类型一致

注意:mapper.xml文件的约束是mapper.dtd,不是config.dtd

三、使用

将mybatis入门步骤中的步骤六改为如下代码:

TypeMapper mapper=sqlSession.getMapper(TypeMapper.class);
Type type=mapper.selectType(1);

动态SQL

如果

  SELECT * FROM good INNER JOIN type ON good.type = type.typeid其中1 = 1
     <if  test = "gname!= null and gname!=''" >
      and gname like oncat('%',#{gname},'%')
    </if>

注意:

1、字符串的拼接建议使用concat来代替${}(可以防止SQL注入)

2、判断条件中获取数据不用加#{},与EL表达式不一样

where

where可以自动去除第一个and和or

  <where> 
      <if  test = "gname!= null and gname!=''" >
        and gname like concat('%',#{gname},'%')
      </ if> 
      <if  test = "typename!= null and typename!=''" >
        and typename like concat('%',#{typename},'%')
      </ if> 
    </ where>

否则选择

作用:组合使用,相当于if else if else

<select  id = "findActiveBlogLike" 
     resultType = "Blog" >
  SELECT * FROM BLOG WHERE state ='ACTIVE'
  <select> 
    <when  test = "title!= null" >
      AND title like #{title}
    </ when> 
    <when  test = "author!= null and author.name!= null" >
      AND author_name like #{author.name}
    </ when> 
    <otherwise>
      AND status= 1
    </ otherwise> 
  </ choose> 
</ select>

    update good
      <set> 
        <if  test = "gname!= null and gname!=''" >
          gname =#{gname}
        </ if> 
        <if  test = "gprice!= null and gprice!=''">
          gprice =#{gprice}
        </ if> 
      </ set>
   where gid =#{gid}

trim

作用:去除多余字符串

两种常见的用法

1、where 去除第一个条件的 and/or

prefix:字首前缀

prefixOverrides:去除第一个指定的字符串

    select * from good
     <trim  prefix = "where"  prefixOverrides = "and/or" > 
      <! - 添加哪里在前面,并且去除第一个和 - > 
      <if  test = "gname!= null and gname!=''" >
        and gname like concat('%',#{gname},'%')
      </ if> 
      <if  test = "typename!= null and typename!=''" >
        and typename concat('%',#{typename},'%')
      </ if> 
    </ trim>

2、set

prefix

suffixOverrides:去除最后指定的字符串

    update good 
     <trim  prefix = "set"  suffixOverrides = "," > 
      <! - 添加set在前面,并且去除最后一个, - > 
        <if  test = "gname!= null and gname!=''" >
          good.gname =#{good.gname}
        </ if> 
        <if  test = "gprice!= null and gprice!=''" >
          gprice =#{gprice}
        </ if> 
      </ trim>

foreach

作用:动态循环拼接SQL部分内容

1、open属性代表在集合前面添加的字符串

2、close属性代表在集合后面添加的字符串

3、separator属性代表集合分割使用的字符串

4、collection代表被循环的集合,值可以是list,map,arrays

常用方法:

<select  id = "selectGoodByGid"  parameterType = "list"  resultType = "Good" >
    select gid,gname,gprice,count,type typeid from good
    <where>
      gid in 
      <foreach  item = "item"  collection = "list"  open = "("  separator = ","  close = ")" >
             #{gid}
        </ foreach> 
    </ where> 
  </ select>

resultMap(结果映射)

作用:

1.可以将表字段与javabean对象属性名进行映射

2.将映射抽取出来,可以给多个语句所使用

<!-- type:最终返回的数据类型  id:resultMap的名称 -->
  <resultMap type="Good" id="GoodResultMap">
      <!-- 建议将主键设置为id -->
      <id column="good_id" property="gid"/>
      <!-- 通过result将数据库字段与java对象的属性进行一一映射 -->
      <result column="good_name" property="gname"/>
      <result column="good_price" property="gprice"/>
      <!--
        下面的映射可以不用写,因为mybatis中默认设置autoMappingBehavior为PARTIAL,局部自动映射,但是属性名必须和字段名一致
      -->
      <!-- <result column="count" property="count"/> -->
    </resultMap>

映射的原理

1.先拿到类型指定的类的Class对象

2.通过反射newInstance创建对象

3.获取属性中属性名,通过反射的方式调用对应的set()方法对象

4.调用方法对象的invoke()方法,将查询到的数据赋值进去

5.返回封装好的对象

关联嵌套结果(结果映射与结果映射相互嵌套)

    <resultMap type= "Good"  id = "GoodResultMap" >
      <id column= "good_id"  property= "gid" /> 
      <result column= "good_name"  property= "gname" /> 
      <结果 列= “good_price”  属性= “gprice” /> 
      <! - 一对一的映射关系,选择关联 - > 
      <! - 内部嵌套 - > 
      <association  property = "type"  javaType = "Type" > 
        <id  column = "typeid " property = "typeid" /> 
        <result  column = "typename"  property = "typename" /> 
      </ association> 
    </ resultMap> 

上面的关联部分可以改造为<association property="type" javaType="Type" resultMap="TypeResultMap"></association>

    <! -结果映射外部嵌套- > 
    <resultMap type= "Type"  id = "TypeResultMap" > 
      <! -建议将主键设置为ID - > 
      <id  column= "typeid"  property= "typeid" / > 
      <result  column = "typename"  property = "typename" /> 
    </ resultMap>

关联嵌套查询

    <result column  type = "Good"  id = "GoodResultMap1" > 
      <id  column = "good_id"  property = "gid" /> 
      <result  column = "good_name"  property = "gname" /> 
      <result  column = "good_price"  property = "gprice" /> 
      <! -  column:要传递给下面的语句的参数 - > 
      <! -  javaType:该关联返回的数据类型 - > 
      <! -  select:另一个查询语句的statementId- - > 
      <association  property = "type"  javaType = "Type"  select = "selectTypeByTypeId"  column = "type" /> 
    </ resultMap>

    <select  id = "typeTypeByTypeId"  resultType = "Type" >
      select * from type where typeid =#{value}
    </select>

集合嵌套结果

<colleciton  property = "javabean中的属性名"  javaType = "List"  ofType = "list集合中的元素类型" > 
    <id  column = "主键字段名"  property = "元素类型的属性名" /> 
    <result  column = "字段名"  property = "元素类型的属性名" /> 
</ colleciton>

集合嵌套查询

<colleciton  property = "javabean中的属性名"  javaType = "List"  ofType = "list集合中的元素类型"  select = "selectUser"  column = "uid" />

<select  id = "selectUser"  resultMap = "User" >
  select * from user where uid =#{value}
</select>

注意:

自动映射在主配置文件中配置了

  <settings> 
    <! - 虽然默认是PARTIAL,但是建议写上 - > 
    <setting  name = “autoMappingBehavior”  value = "PARTIAL" /> 
  </ settings>

缓存

一级缓存(同一个SqlSession中执行同一个语句)

默认开启

二级缓存(同一个命名空间中,不同的SqlSession执行同一个语句)

配置1,在主配置文件<settings>中设置cacheEnabled="true"和aggressiveLazyLoading="false"
配置2,映射文件中配置<cache></cache> ,要使用二级缓存的语句中添加useCache="true"

注意:调用session.close()时候才会将数据写入二级缓存

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