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React Native的Navigator详解

React Native的Navigator详解

作者: 街角仰望 | 来源:发表于2016-11-02 12:20 被阅读248次

前言

除了极少数特殊设计的App,导航都是一个App重要组成的部分。导航栏能够维护一个导航堆栈,能够让用户清楚的知道自己当前所处的页面和返回的页面。
在React Native中,官方推荐使用Navigator,因为这个能够在iOS和安卓中通用,不过在现在(2016年5月18日),Navigator 性能较差。所以,对iOS应用,往往可以使用NavigatorIOS,你将获得系统的iOS导航栏性能和动画。但是对Android App,只能用Navigator。

文档

目前的文档都可以在这里找到,这里我列出常用的部分。

常用参数

  • configureScene,类型是function,可选。通过这个参数可以修改界面在导航时候切换的动画。
(route, routeStack) => Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromRight
  • initialRoute,类型是对象,表明最初的Route对象。一个Route简单来说就是一个界面,Navigator用Route来区分不同的界面。

  • navigationBar,类型是node,导航栏

  • renderScene,类型是function,必须参数,在这个方法里根据Route来渲染不同的Scene。

常用函数

  • push(route) ,跳转到某一个Route

  • pop(),推出当前状态

  • popToTop(),推出到第一个界面

  • popToRoute(route),推出到某一个界面

Getting start

创建一个工程,打开终端,到一个想要的路径,然后

react-native init LHWeather --verbose

*Tips:调用上述代码会从网络上下载几十M的数据,所以添加–verbose不会让你等的心烦意乱。 *

然后

react-native run-ios

会启动模拟器,如果启动成功,说明项目创建成功。

我们首先会创建一个这样效果工程

这时候的index.ios.js中代码如下

var React = require('react');
 import {
   View,
   Text,
   StyleSheet,
   AppRegistry,
   TouchableHighlight,
   Navigator,
 } from 'react-native';

 var LHWeather  = React.createClass({
    render(){
      return (
        <Navigator
          style = {styles.container}
          initialRoute={{id:"main",}}
          renderScene={this.renderNav}
          />
      );
    },
    renderNav(route,nav){
        switch (route.id) {
          case 'main':
            return <MainScreen navigator={nav} title="Main"/ >;
          case 'detail':
            return (<DetailScreen navigator={nav} title="Detail"/ >);
        }
    }
 });

 var MainScreen = React.createClass({
   toDetail(){
     this.props.navigator.push({id:"detail"});
  },
   render(){
     return (
       <View style={styles.containView}>
         <TouchableHighlight
          style={styles.button}
          onPress={this.toDetail}
          underlayColor="#B5B5B5">
            <Text style={styles.blackText}>=>详情页</Text>
         </TouchableHighlight>
       </View>
     );
   }
 });
 var DetailScreen = React.createClass({
   toMain(){
     this.props.navigator.pop();
   },
   render(){
     return (
       <View style={styles.detailContainView}>
         <TouchableHighlight
          style={styles.button}
          onPress={this.toMain}
          underlayColor="green">
            <Text style={styles.blackText}>{'主页<='}</Text>
         </TouchableHighlight>
       </View>
     );
   }
 });
 const styles = StyleSheet.create({
   container: {
     flex: 1,
   },
   button: {
     padding: 15,
   },
   containView:{
     flex: 1,
     justifyContent: 'center',
   },
   detailContainView:{
     flex:1,
     justifyContent: 'center',
     backgroundColor:'green',
   },
   blackText:{
     fontSize:20,
     textAlign:'center',
   },
 });
 AppRegistry.registerComponent('LHWeather', () => LHWeather);

简单讲解下关于Navigator的部分

<Navigator
      style = {styles.container}
      initialRoute={{id:"main",}}
      renderScene={this.renderNav}
 />
 renderNav(route,nav){
     switch (route.id) {
       case 'main':
         return <MainScreen navigator={nav} title="Main"/ >;
       case 'detail':
        return (<DetailScreen navigator={nav} title="Detail"/ >);
    }
}
  • 上述代码中的Route很简单,只是一个含有属性id的Object,然后,通过id来判断需要渲染成哪个Scene。
  • navigator={nav}用来把当前navigator的引用传递给实际要展示的Scene

设置转场动画类型和手势

将上文的Navigator修改成如下

<Navigator
          style = {styles.container}
          initialRoute={{id:"main",}}
          renderScene={this.renderNav}
          configureScene={(route, routeStack) => Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromBottom}

      />

这样,转场动画会变成从底部推到顶部。可选的参数如下

Navigator.SceneConfigs.PushFromRight (default)
Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromRight
Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromLeft
Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromBottom
Navigator.SceneConfigs.FloatFromBottomAndroid
Navigator.SceneConfigs.FadeAndroid
Navigator.SceneConfigs.HorizontalSwipeJump
Navigator.SceneConfigs.HorizontalSwipeJumpFromRight
Navigator.SceneConfigs.VerticalUpSwipeJump
Navigator.SceneConfigs.VerticalDownSwipeJump

添加导航栏

为Navigator继续添加一个导航栏navigationBar

<Navigator
          style = {styles.container}
          initialRoute={{id:"main",title:"Main"}}
          renderScene={this.renderNav}
          configureScene={(route, routeStack) => Navigator.SceneConfigs.HorizontalSwipeJump}
          navigationBar={
            <Navigator.NavigationBar
              routeMapper={NavigationBarRouteMapper}
              style={styles.navBar}
           />
          }
   />

这里提到了另外一个控件Navigator.NavigatorBar,这个内嵌的NavigatorBar控件,一个属性是

  • routeMapper

*这个属性的目的是告诉Navigator如何根据每个Sence渲染自己 *

这里的NavigationBarRouteMapper

var NavigationBarRouteMapper = {
   //左边Button
   LeftButton: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     if (route.id === 'main') {
       return null;
     }
     var previousRoute = navState.routeStack[index - 1];
     return (
       <TouchableOpacity
         onPress={() => navigator.pop()}
         style={styles.navBarLeftButton}>
         <Text style={[styles.navBarText, styles.navBarButtonText]}>
           {previousRoute.title}
         </Text>
       </TouchableOpacity>
     );
   },
    //右边Button
   RightButton: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     if (route.id === 'detail') {
       return null;
     }
     return (
       <TouchableOpacity
         onPress={() => navigator.push({id:'detail',title:'Detail'})}
         style={styles.navBarRightButton}>
         <Text style={[styles.navBarText, styles.navBarButtonText]}>
           Next
         </Text>
       </TouchableOpacity>
     );
   },
   //标题
   Title: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     return (
       <Text style={[styles.navBarText, styles.navBarTitleText]}>
         {route.title}
       </Text>
     );
   },
 };

注:LeftButton、RightButton、Title 缺一不可,如果不想显示可以返回nulll
同时,要在StylesSheet中添加用到的Style

navBar: {
  backgroundColor: 'white',
  },
  navBarText: {
    fontSize: 16,
    marginVertical: 10,
  },
  navBarTitleText: {
    color: '#373E4D',
    fontWeight: '500',
    marginVertical: 9,
  },
  navBarLeftButton: {
    paddingLeft: 10,
  },
  navBarRightButton: {
    paddingRight: 10,
  },
  navBarButtonText: {
    color: '#5890FF',
  },

并且import中添加

 TouchableOpacity,

这时候的效果如下

添加返回图片

到这里就很简单了,只需要在LeftButton中换成显示一张图片
修改navBarLeftButton的Style

navBarLeftButton: {
    paddingLeft: 10,
    paddingTop:6,
  },

然后,添加一个Style

backImage:{
     width:13,
     height:26,
   },

修改LeftButton

<TouchableOpacity
         onPress={() => navigator.pop()}
         style={styles.navBarLeftButton}>
         <Image source={require('./back.png')} style={styles.backImage}>
         </Image>
       </TouchableOpacity>

传递数据

Navigator传递数据使用Route

例如,在Main Screen中,传递data 给Route

toDetail(){
     this.props.navigator.push({id:"detail",title:"Detail",data:"Passed from Main screen"});
  },

然后,渲染的时候,传递data给DetailScreen的props

case 'detail':
            return (<DetailScreen navigator={nav} title="Detail" data={route.data}/>);

然后,获取数据,进行渲染

Text style={styles.blackText}>{this.props.data}</Text>

最后

附上完整代码

/**
 * Sample React Native App
 * https://github.com/facebook/react-native
 * @flow
 */

 var React = require('react');
 import {
   View,
   Text,
   StyleSheet,
   AppRegistry,
   TouchableHighlight,
   Navigator,
   TouchableOpacity,
   Image,
 } from 'react-native';

 var NavigationBarRouteMapper = {
   LeftButton: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     if (route.id === 'main') {
       return null;
     }
     var previousRoute = navState.routeStack[index - 1];
     return (
       <TouchableOpacity
         onPress={() => navigator.pop()}
         style={styles.navBarLeftButton}>
         <Image source={require('./back.png')} style={styles.backImage}>
         </Image>
       </TouchableOpacity>
     );
   },
   RightButton: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     if (route.id === 'detail') {
       return null;
     }
     return (
       <TouchableOpacity
         onPress={() => navigator.push({id:'detail',title:'Detail'})}
         style={styles.navBarRightButton}>
         <Text style={[styles.navBarText, styles.navBarButtonText]}>
           Next
         </Text>
       </TouchableOpacity>
     );
   },

   Title: function(route, navigator, index, navState) {
     return (
       <Text style={[styles.navBarText, styles.navBarTitleText]}>
         {route.title}
       </Text>
     );
   },
 };

 var LHWeather  = React.createClass({
    render(){
      return (
        <Navigator
          style = {styles.container}
          initialRoute={{id:"main",title:"Main"}}
          renderScene={this.renderNav}
          configureScene={(route, routeStack) => Navigator.SceneConfigs.HorizontalSwipeJump}
          navigationBar={
            <Navigator.NavigationBar
              routeMapper={NavigationBarRouteMapper}
              style={styles.navBar}
           />
          }
          />
      );
    },
    renderNav(route,nav){
        switch (route.id) {
          case 'main':
            return <MainScreen navigator={nav} title="Main"/ >;
          case 'detail':
            return (<DetailScreen navigator={nav} title="Detail" data={route.data}/>);
        }
    }
 });

 var MainScreen = React.createClass({
   toDetail(){
     this.props.navigator.push({id:"detail",title:"Detail",data:"Passed from Main screen"});
  },
   render(){
     return (
       <View style={styles.containView}>
         <TouchableHighlight
          style={styles.button}
          onPress={this.toDetail}
          underlayColor="#B5B5B5">
            <Text style={styles.blackText}>=>详情页</Text>
         </TouchableHighlight>
       </View>
     );
   }
 });
 var DetailScreen = React.createClass({
   toMain(){
     this.props.navigator.pop();
   },
   render(){
     return (
       <View style={styles.detailContainView}>
         <TouchableHighlight
          style={styles.button}
          onPress={this.toMain}
          underlayColor="green">
            <Text style={styles.blackText}>{this.props.data}</Text>
         </TouchableHighlight>
       </View>
     );
   }
 });
 const styles = StyleSheet.create({
   backImage:{
     width:13,
     height:26,
   },
   container: {
     flex: 1,
   },
   navBar: {
     backgroundColor: 'white',
   },
   button: {
     padding: 15,
   },
   containView:{
     flex: 1,
     backgroundColor:'gray',
     justifyContent: 'center',
   },
   detailContainView:{
     flex:1,
     justifyContent: 'center',
     backgroundColor:'green',
   },
   blackText:{
     fontSize:20,
     textAlign:'center',
   },
   navBar: {
    backgroundColor: 'white',
   },
  navBarText: {
    fontSize: 16,
    marginVertical: 10,
  },
  navBarTitleText: {
    color: '#373E4D',
    fontWeight: '500',
    marginVertical: 9,
  },
  navBarLeftButton: {
    paddingLeft: 10,
    paddingTop:6,
  },
  navBarRightButton: {
    paddingRight: 10,
  },
  navBarButtonText: {
    color: '#5890FF',
  },
 });

 AppRegistry.registerComponent('LHWeather', () => LHWeather);

附navigationBar的另一种写法:

import React, { Component, PropTypes } from 'react';
import {
    Image,
    View, 
    Text, 
    TouchableHighlight, 
    StyleSheet,
    Navigator,
    Dimensions,
    TouchableOpacity,
    } from 'react-native';

export default class MyScene extends Component {

    renderScene(route, navigator) {
        return (
            <View style={styles.container}>
                <Image source={{uri: GLOBAL.WebRoot + 'web/img/home.png'}} style={{width: 96, height: 96, borderRadius: 8}}/>
            </View>
        );
    }
    
    renderNavTitle(route, navigator) {
        return (
            <Text style={styles.navBarTitleText}>
                {route.title}
            </Text>
        );
    }
    
    renderNavLeftButton(route, navigator) {
        var title = "";
        
        return (
            <TouchableOpacity
                onPress={() => {}}
                style={styles.navBarLeftButton}>
                <Image source={{uri: GLOBAL.WebRoot + 'web/img/scan.png'}} style={styles.scan} />
            </TouchableOpacity>
        );
    }
    
    renderNavRightButton(route, navigator) {
        var title = "";
        
        return (
            <TouchableOpacity
                style={styles.navBarRightButton}>
                <Text style={styles.navBarButtonText}>
                    {title}
                </Text>
            </TouchableOpacity>
        );
    }

  render() {
    var bar = (
        <Navigator.NavigationBar
            routeMapper={{
                LeftButton:this.renderNavLeftButton.bind(this),
                RightButton:this.renderNavRightButton.bind(this),
                Title:this.renderNavTitle.bind(this),
            }}
            style={styles.navBar}
        />
    );
    return (
        <Navigator style={styles.navigator}
            navigationBar={bar}
            renderScene={this.renderScene.bind(this)}
            initialRoute={{title:'首页'}}
        />
    );
  }
}

const styles = StyleSheet.create({
    container: {
        flex: 1,
        justifyContent: 'center',
        alignItems: 'center',
        backgroundColor: '#f3f3f3',
    },
    navigator: {
        flex:1,
        justifyContent: 'center',
        alignItems: 'stretch',
    },
    navBar: {
        backgroundColor: '#262929',
        justifyContent: 'center',
    },    
    navBarLeftButton: {
        paddingLeft: 10,
        marginVertical: 2,
    },
    navBarRightButton: {
        paddingRight: 10,
    },  
    navBarTitleText: {
        fontSize:20,
        fontWeight: '400',
        marginVertical: 9,
        width: 3 * (Dimensions.get('window').width) / 5,
        textAlign: 'center',
        color: '#ffffff',
    },
    navBarButtonText: {
        fontSize: 15,
        color: 'white',
        marginVertical: 16,
    },
    scan: {
        width: 32,
        height: 32,
        marginVertical: 5,
    }
});

参考:
http://blog.csdn.net/Hello_Hwc/article/details/51444540

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