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Python2.7上装Python3.6

Python2.7上装Python3.6

作者: 若有所思11 | 来源:发表于2019-01-17 14:25 被阅读0次

    如果本机安装了python2,尽量不要管他,使用python3运行python脚本就好,因为可能有程序依赖目前的python2环境,

    比如yum!!!!!
    不要动现有的python2环境!

    一. 安装准备

    1. 安装依赖环境

    # yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

    2.下载Python3

    从官网下载相应的Python版本,目前最新版本为Python3.6.4,点击下载。
    也可以通过如下命令下载:wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz

    3. 安装第三方包

    在Python下载目录依次运行如下命令:

    [root@cdh1 opt]# tar zxvf Python-3.6.4.tgz 
    [root@cdh1 opt]# cd Python-3.6.4
    

    个人习惯安装在/usr/local/python3(具体安装位置看个人喜好)
    创建目录:

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make install
    

    make是一个编译命令,如果make的时候出现以下情况,那就是没有找到makefile,你看下configure的时候有没有报错呀,是不是提示有什么依赖的包没有装,先把依赖的包装了,再configure,试试,看有没有makefile
    安装依赖包 Python3.6安装报错 configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH,原因是由于本机缺少gcc编译环境

    [root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 
    
    checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
    
    checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
    
    checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
    
    checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit
    
    checking MACHDEP... linux
    
    checking for --without-gcc... no
    
    checking for gcc... no
    
    checking for cc... no
    
    checking for cl.exe... no
    
    configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/pythonSoft/Python-3.3.4':
    
    configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
    
    See `config.log' for more details
    
    • (1)通过yum安装gcc编译环境:yum install -y gcc

    • (2)本机没有安装yum功能,可下载gcc安装包:https://gcc.gnu.org/

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# yum install -y gcc
    然后再make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make 
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# make install
    
    4. 建立python3的软链

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

    5.并将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# vim ~/.bash_profile
    
    # .bash_profile
    
    # Get the aliases and functions
    
    if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    
    . ~/.bashrc
    
    fi
    
    # User specific environment and startup programs
    
    PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
    
    export PATH
    

    按ESC,输入:wq回车退出。

    6.修改完记得执行行下面的命令,让上一步的修改生效:

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# source ~/.bash_profile

    7.检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用:
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# python3 -V
    
    Python 3.6.4
    
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.4]# pip3 -V
    
    pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)
    

    不行的话在创建一下pip3的软链接(我也不清楚这一步有什么用)
    # ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

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