072-python库docx

一、前记

需要操作word文档，读取，写入等。

实例：

from docx import Document
document = Document(needPath)
tables = document.tables
for k in range(0, len(tables)):
  table = tables[k]
  for j in range(1, len(table.rows)):
    resultTemp = table.cell(j,3).text

Python Dox是一个用于创建和更新微软Word（.DOX）文件的Python库。python-docx包，这是一个很强大的包，可以用来创建docx文档，包含段落、分页符、表格、图片、标题、样式等几乎所有的word文档中能常用的功能都包含了，这个包的主要功能便是用来创建文档，相对来说用来修改功能不是很强大。

Python Dox允许您创建新文档，并对现有文档进行更改。实际上，它只允许您对现有文档进行更改；只是从一个没有任何内容的文档开始，它可能首先感觉像是从头开始创建一个文档。这个特点是强有力的。文档的外观是由删除所有内容时留下的部分决定的。样式和页眉和页脚等内容与主内容分开，允许您在开始文档中放置大量自定义，然后出现在所生成的文档中。让我们一步一步地创建一个文档一个例子，从文档中可以做的两件事开始，打开它并保存它。

二、安装

pip install python-docx

三、应用

打开及保存文件：

from docx import Document
document = Document('test.docx')
document.save('test.docx')

添加文本：

document.add_paragraph('test text')

调整文本位置格式为居中：

from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
document = Document('test.docx')
paragraph = document.add_paragraph('123')
paragraph.paragraph_format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
document.save('test.docx')

调整左缩进0.3英寸：

document = Document('test.docx')
paragraph = document.add_paragraph('this is test for left_indent with inches')
paragraph_format = paragraph.paragraph_format
paragraph_format.left_indent = Inches(0.3)
document.save('test.docx')

首行缩进：

paragraph_format.first_line_indent = Inches(0.3)

上行间距：

paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(18)

下行间距：

paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12)

行距：

paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(18)

分页格式：

紧跟上段：

paragraph_format.keep_together

若本页无法完全显示，另起一页：

paragraph_format.keep_with_next

字体格式：

p = document.add_paragraph()
run = p.add_run('test typeface')
#加粗
run.font.bold = True
#斜体
run.font.italic = True
#下划线
run.font.underline = True

WD_UNDERLINE 中有所有下划线格式

调用样例：

run.underline = WD_UNDERLINE.DOT_DASH

字体颜色：

from docx.shared import RGBColor
test = document.add_paragraph().add_run('color')
font = test.font
font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0x42, 0x24 , 0xE9)

调用预设颜色：

from docx.enum.dml import MSO_THEME_COLOR
font.color.theme_color = MSO_THEME_COLOR.ACCENT_1

四、一个不错的例子

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2018年9月24日

@author: 362409100
'''

import os
import sys

from docx import Document
from docx.enum.style import WD_STYLE_TYPE
from docx.enum.table import WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL, WD_ROW_HEIGHT_RULE
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH, WD_BREAK
from docx.oxml.ns import qn
from docx.shared import Inches, Pt, RGBColor

global doc
global last_err
last_err = ""

#sys.path.append('..\\Lib\\site-packages')

def Init():
    global doc
    doc = Document()
    doc.styles["Normal"].font.name = u'宋体'
    doc.styles["Normal"].font.size = Pt(8)
    doc.styles["Normal"]._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')
    head = doc.add_heading("", level=1)
    run = head.add_run(u"社会主义核心价值观")
    run.font.size = Pt(20)
    run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(128, 0, 0)
    run.font.name = u"宋体"
    run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')
    head.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER

def Save(dst):
    global doc
    global last_err
    try:
        doc.save(dst)
        return True
    except IOError as e:
        last_err = e.strerror
        return False

def AddLineTitle(title):
    global doc
    head = doc.add_heading("", level=2)
    run = head.add_run(title)
    run.font.size = Pt(16)
    run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0)
    run.font.name = u"宋体"
    run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

def AddInfoTitle(title):
    global doc
    head = doc.add_heading("", level=3)
    run = head.add_run(title)
    run.font.size = Pt(12)
    run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0)
    run.font.name = u"宋体"
    run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

def AddLineText(text):
    global doc
    p = doc.add_paragraph()
    run = p.add_run(text)
    run.font.size = Pt(8)
    run.font.name = u"宋体"
    run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')

def AddRecord(qj, cj, gh, mc, lx, ms, bz, tp):
    global doc
    table = doc.add_table(6, 2)
    table.style = "Table Grid"   # The First Table Style Of The MS Word

    for row in table.rows:
        row.height = Pt(14)
        row.height_rule = WD_ROW_HEIGHT_RULE.EXACTLY
    table.rows[-1].height_rule = WD_ROW_HEIGHT_RULE.AUTO  # The Last Row Contains A Picture
    table.cell(0, 0).text = qj
    table.cell(0, 1).text = cj
    table.cell(0, 0).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    table.cell(0, 1).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    table.cell(1, 0).text = gh
    table.cell(1, 1).text = mc
    table.cell(1, 0).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    table.cell(1, 1).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    table.cell(2, 0).text = lx
    table.cell(2, 1).text = ms
    table.cell(2, 0).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    table.cell(2, 1).vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    item = table.cell(3, 0).merge(table.cell(3, 1))
    item.text = bz
    item.vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    item = table.cell(4, 0).merge(table.cell(4, 1))
    item.text = u"富强民主文明和谐爱国敬业诚信友善自由平等公正法治:"
    item.vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.CENTER
    item = table.cell(5, 0).merge(table.cell(5, 1))
    p = item.paragraphs[0]
    p.add_run().add_picture(tp, Pt(300), Pt(300))
    p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER

def GetLastError():
    global last_err
    return last_err


def Test():
    path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
    file = path + "\\word.docx"

    Init()
    AddLineTitle(u"富强民主")
    AddInfoTitle(u"一、文明和谐")
    AddLineText(u"爱国敬业")
    AddRecord(u"诚信", u"友善", u"自由", u"平等", u"公正",
              u"法治", u"社会主义核心价值观", "2.jpg")
    Save(file)

Test()
print(GetLastError())