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Activiti工作流引擎的使用、思考与总结

Activiti工作流引擎的使用、思考与总结

作者: 梦想实现家_Z | 来源:发表于2021-06-16 01:17 被阅读0次

从业务角度来说,至少需要满足以下功能:

1.查询待办事项列表

2.待办事项的办理

3.查看已办历史

从技术角度来说:

1.activiti引擎提供的api功能过于分散,对于开发人员来说,没有一个统一的接口。最终导致开发效率不高,代码维护困难。

2.画流程图不确定性比较多,节点名称和监听器设置没有统一规范。同样也会导致效率问题。

用请假的流程来举例,首先,看一下流程图怎么画?

针对于画图,我们先定一个小规范,要求所有的节点上的Listeners全部指定为一个我们的自定义listener,无论是ExecutionListener还是TaskListener,全部指定为一个固定的自定义listener。

// 全部统一设置成ActivitiListener监听器
public class ActivitiListener implements TaskListener, ExecutionListener {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6071133014325140738L;
        // 用户任务监听器被触发的话,就会调用下面的notify方法
    @Override
    public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
        // 获取当前任务的taskDefinitionKey,其实就是节点id
        String taskDefinitionKey = delegateTask.getTaskDefinitionKey();
        // 通过taskDefinitionKey和目标类型去IOC容器中查找指定的Bean
        UserTaskListener userTaskHandler =
                ApplicationContextUtil.getBean(taskDefinitionKey, UserTaskListener.class);
        if (Objects.nonNull(userTaskHandler)) {
            // 执行目标Bean中的方法
            userTaskHandler.notify(delegateTask);
        }
    }
        // ExecutionListener回调方法
    @Override
    public void notify(DelegateExecution execution) {
        // 获取IOC容器
        ApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ApplicationContextUtil.getApplicationContext();
        // 从容器中查找目标类型Bean列表
        Map<String, AbstractElement> beans =
                webApplicationContext.getBeansOfType(AbstractElement.class);
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(beans)) {
            return;
        }
        // 通过activityId查找符合要求的Bean实例。在bpmn中,其实就是元素的id。
        String activityId = execution.getCurrentActivityId();
        AbstractElement abstractElement = beans.get(activityId);
        if (Objects.nonNull(abstractElement)) {
            // 执行目标Bean的notify方法
            abstractElement.notify(execution);
            return;
        }
        // 如果通过activityId找不到,就通过processDefinitionKey查找目标Bean
        String processDefinitionKey =
                CastUtil.castString(execution.getVariable(Const.PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY));
        abstractElement = beans.get(processDefinitionKey);
        if (Objects.nonNull(abstractElement)) {
            // 执行目标Bean的notify方法
            abstractElement.notify(execution);
        }
    }
}

按照上述设定,那么一旦触发ExecutionListener就会去IOC容器中找AbstractElement类,我们来看一下这个类:

// 这个接口是需要所有UserTask来实现的
public interface UserTaskListener {

    /** @param delegateTask */
    void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask);
}
// 把所有的节点都抽象成AbstractElement,主要在于需要让每一个节点都是ExecutionListener的子类
// 这个设计的灵感来自于bpmn流程图里面任何组件元素都可以指定ExecutionListener,那意味着我如果想要统一规范所有的组件元素的Listener为ActivitiListener的话,那么我就需要把所有的组件都抽象成一个目标,这样我在ActivitiListener的实现里面就可以通过一定的规则找到目标组件的实现了。
// 最终,通过总结,要求所有元素的id都作为Bean的名字,也就是说,通过这个元素的id可以在IOC容器中找到对应的Bean实例
public abstract class AbstractElement extends AbstractActivitiServiceImpl
        implements ExecutionListener {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 4836235578847862052L;

    @Autowired private ActivitiBusinessDataRepository activitiBusinessDataRepository;

    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    @Override
    public void notify(DelegateExecution execution) {
        // 如果当前对象不支持,就直接结束
        if (!support(execution)) {
            return;
        }
        Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
        Map<String, Object> data = Maps.newHashMap();
        // 执行前
        beforeExecute(execution, variables, data);
        // 真正的执行目标代码
        execute(execution, variables, data);
        // 执行后
        afterExecute(execution, data);
    }

    /**
     * 执行业务
     *
     * @param execution
     * @param variables
     * @param data
     */
    protected abstract void execute(
            DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data);

    /**
     * 后置处理
     *
     * @param execution
     * @param data
     */
    protected abstract void afterExecute(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data);

    /**
     * @param execution
     * @return
     */
    protected boolean support(DelegateExecution execution) {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 读取前置系统参数
     *
     * @param execution
     * @param variables
     * @param data
     */
    protected void beforeExecute(
            DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
        String taskDefinitionKey = execution.getCurrentActivityId();
        String processDefinitionKey =
                CastUtil.castString(execution.getVariable(Const.PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY));
        // 从数据库里面把自定义配置读取到variables里面。如果没有这种需要的话,可以去掉。
        activitiBusinessDataRepository.readProcessInstanceVariable(
                processDefinitionKey, taskDefinitionKey, variables);
        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(variables)) {
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> e : variables.entrySet()) {
                String name = e.getKey();
                Object value = e.getValue();
                execution.setVariable(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
                data.put(name, value);
            }
        }
    }

    protected void saveData(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
        Timestamp now = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
        String id = execution.getId();
        String taskDefinitionKey = execution.getCurrentActivityId();
        String name = execution.getCurrentFlowElement().getName();
        String processInstanceId = execution.getProcessInstanceId();
        String businessKey = execution.getProcessInstanceBusinessKey();
        TaskNodeInfo taskNodeInfo = TaskNodeInfo.newInstance(id, name, taskDefinitionKey);

        // 自动保存的流程节点数据;把一些我认为一定要保存的数据自动保存下来,也就是说,不依赖于开发人员,我自己认为一定要保存的数据,比如businessKey一定要保存
        List<FieldInfo> autoSaveTaskNodeVariables =
                activitiBusinessDataRepository.getAutoSaveTaskNodeVariables(
                        Executor.defaultExecutor(), businessKey, data);
        // processInstanceData是抽象方法,需要每一个子类实现;返回的数据是当前流程实例需要保存的信息,以便后续节点可以使用
        List<FieldInfo> processInstanceDataList = processInstanceData(execution, data);
        // taskNodeData是抽象方法,子类需要实现;返回的数据是当前节点的快照信息
        List<FieldInfo> taskNodeDataList = taskNodeData(execution, data);

        // 记录流程实例数据;保存当前流程实例数据
        activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveProcessInstanceData(
                processInstanceDataList, null, processInstanceId, businessKey, now);
        // 记录节点数据;把当前节点的相关信息保存起来
        activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveTaskNodeData(
                autoSaveTaskNodeVariables, taskNodeDataList, processInstanceId, taskNodeInfo, now);
        // 自动记录节点历史,不需要开发者操心
        // 一般历史数据大概可以归纳为时间、节点、任务、流程实例ID,附加信息等等,所以花点心思总结一下,应该是可以固定下来的,所以就不需要子类去实现
        activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveHistory(
                businessKey,
                processInstanceId,
                Executor.defaultExecutor(),
                taskNodeInfo,
                data,
                now);
    }
    // 返回的数据是当前流程实例需要保存的信息
    protected abstract List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
            DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data);
  
    // 返回的数据是当前节点的快照信息
    protected abstract List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
            DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data);

    /**
     * 读取变量参数
     *
     * @param processDefinitionKey
     * @param taskDefinitionKey
     * @param variables
     */
    protected void readTransactorAndSendNoticeVariable(
            String processDefinitionKey, String taskDefinitionKey, Map<String, Object> variables) {
        activitiBusinessDataRepository.readTransactorAndSendNoticeVariable(
                processDefinitionKey, taskDefinitionKey, variables);
    }
}

综上所述,我们总结两点规范:

  • 1.所有的Listener都是ActivitiListener

  • 2.所有的组件id都作为Bean的名字,通过组件id去IOC容器中查找目标Bean;如果找不到,就通过processDefinitionKey查找目标Bean

关于AbstractActivitiServiceImpl这个类,其实就是集成了activiti里面一些常用的api,我认为这是大多数组件都会调用的,所以特地放在这个抽象类里面,以便所有AbstractElement的子类都可以使用里面的方法。只和activiti引擎相关数据表打交道的逻辑可以放在这个类里面实现。

public abstract class AbstractActivitiServiceImpl
        implements IActivitiService, ApplicationContextAware {

    @Autowired protected TaskService taskService;

    @Autowired protected FormService formService;

    @Autowired protected HistoryService historyService;

    @Autowired protected IdentityService identityService;

    @Autowired protected ManagementService managementService;

    @Autowired protected RepositoryService repositoryService;

    @Autowired protected RuntimeService runtimeService;

    @Autowired private IActRunTaskRepository actRunTaskRepository;

    private static ApplicationContext APPLICATION_CONTEXT;

    protected ApplicationContext applicationContext() {
        return APPLICATION_CONTEXT;
    }

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        APPLICATION_CONTEXT = applicationContext;
    }

    /**
     * 统计指定用户的待办事项数量
     *
     * @param userIds
     * @return
     */
    public List<ActivitiCountGroupByResult> countUnassignedTaskGroupByUserId(List<String> userIds) {
        List<Map<String, Object>> list = actRunTaskRepository.countRunTaskForEachOne(userIds);
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {
            return null;
        }
        Map<String, Integer> userTaskMap = Maps.newHashMap();
        for (Map<String, Object> e : list) {
            String userId = CastUtil.castString(e.get("userId"));
            Integer taskNum = CastUtil.castInt(e.get("taskNum"));
            userTaskMap.put(userId, taskNum);
        }
        List<ActivitiCountGroupByResult> result = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (String userId : userIds) {
            Integer taskNum = userTaskMap.getOrDefault(userId, 0);
            result.add(new ActivitiCountGroupByResult(userId, taskNum));
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 待办事项最少的人
     *
     * @param userIds
     * @return
     */
    public ActivitiCountGroupByResult minUnassignedTask(List<String> userIds) {
        return countUnassignedTask(userIds, false);
    }
    /**
     * 待办事项最多的人
     *
     * @param userIds
     * @return
     */
    public ActivitiCountGroupByResult maxUnassignedTask(List<String> userIds) {
        return countUnassignedTask(userIds, true);
    }

    /**
     * 待办事项最少或最多的人
     *
     * @param userIds
     * @return
     */
    private ActivitiCountGroupByResult countUnassignedTask(List<String> userIds, boolean isMax) {
        List<ActivitiCountGroupByResult> list = countUnassignedTaskGroupByUserId(userIds);
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {
            // 都没有待办事项
            return null;
        }
        if (isMax) {
            return Collections.max(
                    list, Comparator.comparingInt(ActivitiCountGroupByResult::getNum));
        } else {
            return Collections.min(
                    list, Comparator.comparingInt(ActivitiCountGroupByResult::getNum));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Task queryUnassignedTask(String taskId) {
        return taskService.createTaskQuery().taskId(taskId).singleResult();
    }

    /**
     * 通过taskId查询task
     *
     * @param taskId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Task queryUnassignedTask(String taskId, String userId) {
        return taskService
                .createTaskQuery()
                .taskId(taskId)
                .taskCandidateOrAssigned(userId)
                .singleResult();
    }


    /**
     * 查询待办任务
     *
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public List<Task> queryUnassignedTaskByUser(
            String userId, List<String> processInstaceIds, final int page, int size) {
        int size_val = resetSize(size);
        int firstResult = countFirstResult(page, size_val);
        TaskQuery taskQuery = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskCandidateOrAssigned(userId);
        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(processInstaceIds)) {
            taskQuery = taskQuery.processInstanceIdIn(processInstaceIds);
        }
        return taskQuery.orderByTaskCreateTime().desc().listPage(firstResult, size_val);
    }

    /**
     * 计算第一条结果的索引
     *
     * @param page
     * @param size
     * @return
     */
    private int countFirstResult(final int page, final int size) {
        int startIndex = 1;
        // 如果减1后还小于等于0,就重置为0(因为达成统一规定:分页的第一页page指定从1开始,但是jpa中是从0开始)
        startIndex = page - startIndex;
        int page_val = startIndex <= 0 ? 0 : startIndex;
        return page_val * size;
    }

    /**
     * 计算每页大小
     *
     * @param size
     * @return
     */
    private int resetSize(final int size) {
        return size <= 0 ? 10 : size;
    }

    /**
     * 查询已办任务
     *
     * @param userId
     * @param page
     * @param size
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public List<HistoricTaskInstance> queryDoneTasks(String userId, int page, int size) {
        int size_val = resetSize(size);
        int firstResult = countFirstResult(page, size_val);
        return historyService
                .createHistoricTaskInstanceQuery()
                .taskAssignee(userId)
                .finished()
                .orderByTaskCreateTime()
                .desc()
                .listPage(firstResult, size_val);
    }

    /**
     * 统计待办事项数量
     *
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public long countUnassignedTask(String userId) {
        return taskService.createTaskQuery().taskCandidateOrAssigned(userId).count();
    }

    /**
     * 统计已办事项数量
     *
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    public long countDoneTask(String userId) {
        return historyService.createHistoricTaskInstanceQuery().taskAssignee(userId).count();
    }

    /**
     * 查询当前流程没有办理人的任务
     *
     * @param processInstanceId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public List<Task> currentUnassignedTasks(String processInstanceId) {
        return taskService
                .createTaskQuery()
                .processInstanceId(processInstanceId)
                .taskUnassigned()
                .list();
    }

    /**
     * 查询当前没有被办理的任务
     *
     * @param processInstanceId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Task currentUndoneTask(String processInstanceId) {
        return taskService
                .createTaskQuery()
                .processInstanceId(processInstanceId)
                .singleResult();
    }
}

从下面开始,我们就要开始做具体的区分了,开始区分流程实例任务处理器

  • 流程实例

    // 考虑到每一个流程都有一个开始节点,那么我就抓住它们的共同点,做了一个抽象类,供所有的实例类来继承
    public abstract class BaseProcessServiceImpl extends AbstractElement {
    
        private ProcessDefinition processDefinition;
    
        private BpmnModel bpmnModel;
    
        private StartEvent startEvent;
    
        private Collection<FlowElement> xmlNodeElements;
    
        private static final String START_EVENT_KEY = "0";
          // 通过IOC容器获取所有的用户任务处理器对象;后续会提到UserTaskHandler
        @Autowired private Map<String, UserTaskHandler> userTaskHandlers;
          // 持久化工具;专门用来存储数据
        @Autowired private ActivitiBusinessDataRepository activitiBusinessDataRepository;
          // 初始化工作;这些解析出来的属性都是为了方便以后扩展使用。
        @PostConstruct
        private void init() {
              // 把流程定义解析出来
            processDefinition =
                    repositoryService
                            .createProcessDefinitionQuery()
                            .processDefinitionKey(processDefinitionKey())
                            .latestVersion()
                            .singleResult();
              // 解析出bpmn模型
            bpmnModel = repositoryService.getBpmnModel(processDefinition.getId());
            Process process = bpmnModel.getProcessById(processDefinitionKey());
              // 解析出所有的xml节点元素
            this.xmlNodeElements = process.getFlowElements();
              // 解析出启动节点
            this.startEvent = (StartEvent) process.getInitialFlowElement();
        }
    
        /**
         * 启动流程实例
         *
         * @param businessKey
         * @param executor 执行人
         * @param variables 需要放进流程实例中的变量值
         * @param data 用来贯穿整个方法,可以把数据放在里面,最后在调用的方法中取出来使用
         * @return
         * @throws GlobalException
         */
        @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
        public ProcessInstance startProcessInstance(
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data)
                throws GlobalException {
            Preconditions.checkState(StringUtils.isNotBlank(businessKey), "businessKey不能为空");
              // 特地创建一个map对象,用作启动流程实例的参数;注意要与data区分开,data是不会与流程实例打交道的,但是data的作用是用来贯穿整个方法的,专门用于数据传递;也就是说,data里面的数据不会弄脏流程实例。
            Map<String, Object> allVariables = Maps.newHashMap();
            if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(variables)) {
                allVariables.putAll(variables);
            }
              // processDefinitionKey是一个抽象方法,需要子类实现,不同的流程定义不一样
            String processDefinitionKey = processDefinitionKey();
            allVariables.put(Const.PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY, processDefinitionKey);
            // 前置操作
            beforeStartProcessInstance(processDefinitionKey, businessKey, executor, allVariables, data);
              // 启动流程实例
            ProcessInstance processInstance;
            if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(allVariables)) {
                processInstance =
                        runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey(processDefinitionKey, businessKey);
            } else {
                processInstance =
                        runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey(
                                processDefinitionKey, businessKey, allVariables);
            }
              // 后置操作
            afterStartProcessInstance(processInstance, businessKey, executor, variables, data);
            return processInstance;
        }
    
          // 前置操作
        protected void beforeStartProcessInstance(
                String processDefinitionKey,
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data)
                throws GlobalException {
              // 通过startEventKey获取启动节点
            UserTaskHandler userTaskHandler = userTaskHandlers.get(startEventKey());
            if (Objects.nonNull(userTaskHandler)) {
                  // 设置启动节点的执行人
                identityService.setAuthenticatedUserId(executor.getId());
                  // 同样的引入任务处理前置操作
                userTaskHandler.beforeTask(null, businessKey, executor, variables, data);
            }
              // 读取一些自定义配置,把配置信息存储进variables;这些配置将被用在启动流程实例,这样就可以在这个流程实例存活的任意时刻和节点获取相关配置,方便后续扩展;比如后续可以扩展动态指派任务、待办任务消息提示等业务功能
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.readProcessInstanceVariable(
                    processDefinitionKey(), startEventKey(), variables);
        }
    
          // 后置操作
        protected void afterStartProcessInstance(
                ProcessInstance processInstance,
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data) {
            Timestamp now = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
            String processInstanceId = processInstance.getId();
            String processDefinitionKey = processInstance.getProcessDefinitionKey();
            String processDefinitionName = processInstance.getProcessDefinitionName();
            String startUserId = processInstance.getStartUserId();
            long startTime = processInstance.getStartTime().getTime();
            TaskNodeInfo taskNodeInfo =
                    TaskNodeInfo.newInstance(START_EVENT_KEY, startEventName(), startEventKey());
              // 根据任务节点taskDefinitionKey获取指定的UserTaskHandler
            UserTaskHandler userTaskHandler = userTaskHandlers.get(taskNodeInfo.getDefinitionKey());
    
            List<FieldInfo> processInstanceDataList = null;
            List<FieldInfo> taskNodeDataList = null;
            if (Objects.nonNull(userTaskHandler)) {
                // 获取审核结果和建议;默认用户任务都会有审核结果和建议。
                Object result = userTaskHandler.approvalResult(variables, data);
                if (Objects.nonNull(result)) {
                    data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_RESULT.name(), result);
                }
                Object opinion = userTaskHandler.approvalOpinion(variables, data);
                if (Objects.nonNull(opinion)) {
                    data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_OPINION.name(), opinion);
                }
                // 用户任务中,需要保存到流程实例中的数据
                processInstanceDataList =
                        userTaskHandler.processInstanceData(
                                processInstance, executor, businessKey, variables, data);
                // 用户任务中,需要保存到节点快照的数据
                taskNodeDataList =
                        userTaskHandler.taskNodeData(
                                processInstance, executor, businessKey, variables, data);
            }
              // 和上面两个对应,下面是程序自动保存的数据,不依赖于开发者
            // 自动保存的流程实例数据
            List<FieldInfo> autoSaveProcessInstanceData =
                    activitiBusinessDataRepository.getAutoSaveBusinessInstanceVariables(
                            processDefinitionKey, processDefinitionName, startUserId, startTime);
            // 自动保存的流程节点数据
            List<FieldInfo> autoSaveTaskNodeVariables =
                    activitiBusinessDataRepository.getAutoSaveTaskNodeVariables(
                            executor, businessKey, data);
    
            // 保存该流程实例数据
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveProcessInstanceData(
                    processInstanceDataList,
                    autoSaveProcessInstanceData,
                    processInstanceId,
                    businessKey,
                    now);
            // 保存节点快照数据
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveTaskNodeData(
                    autoSaveTaskNodeVariables, taskNodeDataList, processInstanceId, taskNodeInfo, now);
            // 保存节点历史数据;历史数据属于自动保存的,不需要开发者操心。
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveHistory(
                    businessKey, processInstanceId, executor, taskNodeInfo, data, now);
        }
    
        /**
         * 所有任务办理入口
         * @description
         */
        @Transactional(rollbackFor = GlobalException.class)
        public Task completeTask(
                String taskId,
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data)
                throws GlobalException {
              // 通过taskId作为查询参数,还有一个就是当前办理人的id
            Task task = queryUnassignedTask(taskId, executor.getId());
            if (Objects.isNull(task)) {
                throw GlobalException.newInstance("TASK_NOT_EXIST", "任务不存在");
            }
              // 同上面的流程启动;作为办理任务的参数容器
            Map<String, Object> allVariables = Maps.newHashMap();
            if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(variables)) {
                allVariables.putAll(variables);
            }
              // 前置操作
            beforeCompleteTask(task, businessKey, executor, allVariables, data);
              // 任务办理
            if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(allVariables)) {
                taskService.complete(task.getId());
            } else {
                taskService.complete(task.getId(), allVariables);
            }
              // 后置操作
            afterCompleteTask(task, businessKey, executor, allVariables, data);
            return task;
        }
    
          // 前置操作
        protected void beforeCompleteTask(
                Task task,
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data)
                throws GlobalException {
              // 获取当前任务的taskDefinitionKey
            String taskDefinitionKey = task.getTaskDefinitionKey();
              // 查询目标UserTaskHandler
            UserTaskHandler userTaskHandler = userTaskHandlers.get(taskDefinitionKey);
            if (Objects.nonNull(userTaskHandler)) {
                  // 执行任务处理的前置操作
                userTaskHandler.beforeTask(task, businessKey, executor, variables, data);
            }
              // 读取该节点相关配置;只有执行到该节点,才会读取该节点的配置,而不是一次性读取流程的所有配置;注意按需加载
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.readProcessInstanceVariable(
                    processDefinitionKey(), taskDefinitionKey, variables);
        }
    
          // 后置操作
        protected void afterCompleteTask(
                Task task,
                String businessKey,
                Executor executor,
                Map<String, Object> variables,
                Map<String, Object> data) {
            Timestamp now = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis());
            String processInstanceId = task.getProcessInstanceId();
            TaskNodeInfo taskNodeInfo =
                    TaskNodeInfo.newInstance(task.getId(), task.getName(), task.getTaskDefinitionKey());
              // 拿到UserTaskHandler
            UserTaskHandler userTaskHandler = userTaskHandlers.get(taskNodeInfo.getDefinitionKey());
              // 说白了,下面还是准备数据,因为后面需要把数据作持久化
            List<FieldInfo> processInstanceDataList = null;
            List<FieldInfo> taskNodeDataList = null;
            if (Objects.nonNull(userTaskHandler)) {
                // 审核意见和建议
                Object result = userTaskHandler.approvalResult(variables, data);
                if (Objects.nonNull(result)) {
                    data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_RESULT.name(), result);
                }
                Object opinion = userTaskHandler.approvalOpinion(variables, data);
                if (Objects.nonNull(opinion)) {
                    data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_OPINION.name(), opinion);
                }
                // 流程实例数据
                processInstanceDataList =
                        userTaskHandler.processInstanceData(
                                task, executor, businessKey, variables, data);
                // 节点数据
                taskNodeDataList =
                        userTaskHandler.taskNodeData(task, executor, businessKey, variables, data);
            }
            // 自动保存的流程节点数据
            List<FieldInfo> autoSaveTaskNodeVariables =
                    activitiBusinessDataRepository.getAutoSaveTaskNodeVariables(
                            executor, businessKey, data);
              // 数据准备好后,下面开始持久化
            // 保存流程实例数据
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveProcessInstanceData(
                    processInstanceDataList, null, processInstanceId, businessKey, now);
            // 保存节点快照数据
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveTaskNodeData(
                    autoSaveTaskNodeVariables, taskNodeDataList, processInstanceId, taskNodeInfo, now);
            // 保存节点历史数据;其实是当前节点的时间、节点、办理人等相关信息,结合上面的快照数据,就可以完全恢复当前节点办理的任务
            activitiBusinessDataRepository.saveHistory(
                    businessKey, processInstanceId, executor, taskNodeInfo, data, now);
        }
    
        /**
         * 指定processDefinitionKey,需要子类实现
         *
         * @return
         */
        protected abstract String processDefinitionKey();
    
        /**
         * 指定startEventKey
         *
         * @return
         */
        protected String startEventKey() {
            return getStartEvent().getId();
        }
    
        /**
         * 指定startEventName
         *
         * @return
         */
        protected String startEventName() {
            return getStartEvent().getName();
        }
    
        protected ProcessDefinition getProcessDefinition() {
            return this.processDefinition;
        }
    
        protected BpmnModel getBpmnModel() {
            return this.bpmnModel;
        }
    
        protected StartEvent getStartEvent() {
            return this.startEvent;
        }
    
        protected Collection<FlowElement> getXmlNodeElements() {
            return this.xmlNodeElements;
        }
    
          // 实现ExecutionListener前置操作,避免子类不需要实现的时候也要写一个空实现;子类如果真的需要实现,可以重写该方法
        @Override
        protected void beforeExecute(
                DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {}
      
      // 实现ExecutionListener的notify操作,避免子类不需要实现的时候也要写一个空实现;子类如果真的需要实现,可以重写该方法
      @Override
        protected void execute(
                DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
        }
    
      // 实现ExecutionListener后置操作,避免子类不需要实现的时候也要写一个空实现;子类如果真的需要实现,可以重写该方法
        @Override
        protected void afterExecute(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
        }
        /**
         * 不能重写;在流程实例的实现中,不需要实现这个方法,只有任务处理器需要实现
         *
         * @param execution
         * @param data
         * @return
         */
        @Override
        protected final List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
            return null;
        }
    
        /**
         * 不能重写;在流程实例的实现中,不需要实现这个方法,只有任务处理器需要实现
         *
         * @param execution
         * @param data
         * @return
         */
        @Override
        protected final List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
            return null;
        }
    }
    

    大家一定要仔细看上面这段代码的注释,里面阐述了这样设计的原因和思路

    • 任务处理器

      // 实现AbstractElement,开始分支出任务处理器
      public abstract class AbstractTaskHandler extends AbstractElement {
      
          private static final long serialVersionUID = -1470919793703094859L;
          @Autowired
          private IBusinessNodeVariablesRepository businessNodeVariablesRepository;
      
              // 通过任务ID查询历史任务
          public Object historyTaskInfo(String taskId){
              List<TaskNodeVariables> historyDataList =
                      businessNodeVariablesRepository.findByTaskId(taskId);
              if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(historyDataList)) {
                  return null;
              }
              Map<String, Object> map = Maps.newHashMap();
              for (TaskNodeVariables nodeVariables : historyDataList) {
                  map.put(nodeVariables.getFieldName(), nodeVariables);
              }
              return map;
          }
      }
      
      // 注意UserTaskHandler实现了UserTaskListener,一定要回头去看ActivitiListener
      public abstract class UserTaskHandler extends AbstractTaskHandler implements UserTaskListener {
          /**
           * 办理任务之前准备variables;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现
           *
           * @param task
           * @param businessKey
           * @param executor
           * @param variables
           * @param data
           */
          public void beforeTask(
                  Task task,
                  String businessKey,
                  Executor executor,
                  Map<String, Object> variables,
                  Map<String, Object> data)
                  throws GlobalException {
          }
      
          /**
           * 这个是启动流程实例和完成待办任务的实现中都会调用的函数,自定义保存节点数据;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现
           *
           * @param obj
           * @param executor
           * @param businessKey
           * @param variables
           * @return
           */
          public List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                  Object obj,
                  Executor executor,
                  String businessKey,
                  Map<String, Object> variables,
                  Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          /**
           * 这个是启动流程实例和完成待办任务的实现中都会调用的函数,自定义保存实例数据;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现
           *
           * @param obj
           * @param executor
           * @param businessKey
           * @param variables
           * @return
           */
          public List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                  Object obj,
                  Executor executor,
                  String businessKey,
                  Map<String, Object> variables,
                  Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          /**
           * 审批结果;这个就是要求所有的用户任务必须要有审核结果
           *
           * @return
           */
          public abstract Object approvalResult(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data);
      
          /**
           * 审批意见;要求所有的用户任务必须要有审核意见
           *
           * @return
           */
          public abstract Object approvalOpinion(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data);
      
          /**
           * Execute前置处理;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现
           *
           * @param execution
           * @param variables
           * @param data
           */
          @Override
          protected void beforeExecute(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
          }
      
          /**
           * 后置处理;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现
           *
           * @param execution
           * @param data
           */
          @Override
          protected final void afterExecute(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
          }
      
          // 这个基本没用,设计上还需要调整;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现 
          @Override
          protected final List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          // 这个基本没用,设计上还需要调整;同样的空实现,是为了避免子类一定要去写这个实现 
          @Override
          protected final List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          // 这个就是实现ExecutionListener的空实现
          @Override
          protected void execute(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
          }
      
          // 如果是任务被创建的事件的话,那么先设置办理人,这就是动态实现设置办理人的思路;有需要可以扩展其他功能。
          @Override
          public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
              if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(delegateTask.getEventName(), "create")) {
                  setAssignee(delegateTask);
              }
          }
      
          /**
           * 设置办理人
           *
           * @param delegateTask
           */
          protected void setAssignee(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
              // 获取processDefinitionKey
              String processDefinitionKey =
                      CastUtil.castString(delegateTask.getVariable(Const.PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY));
              // 获取taskDefinitionKey
              String taskDefinitionKey = delegateTask.getTaskDefinitionKey();
              Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
              // 查询节点配置
              readTransactorAndSendNoticeVariable(processDefinitionKey, taskDefinitionKey, variables);
              // 根据配置查询办理人;TODO
              String assignee = "";
              delegateTask.setAssignee(assignee);
          }
        
        // 需要特殊处理的启动节点;我把它当用户任务处理掉
        public abstract static class StartEventTaskHandler extends UserTaskHandler {
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
              }
      
              @Override
              public List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                      Object obj,
                      Executor executor,
                      String businessKey,
                      Map<String, Object> variables,
                      Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
              @Override
              public List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                      Object obj,
                      Executor executor,
                      String businessKey,
                      Map<String, Object> variables,
                      Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final Object approvalResult(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final Object approvalOpinion(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
          }
        // 需要特殊处理的结束节点;我把它当用户任务处理掉
        public abstract static class EndEventTaskHandler extends UserTaskHandler {
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                      Object obj,
                      Executor executor,
                      String businessKey,
                      Map<String, Object> variables,
                      Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                      Object obj,
                      Executor executor,
                      String businessKey,
                      Map<String, Object> variables,
                      Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final Object approvalResult(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final Object approvalOpinion(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
                  return null;
              }
      
                  // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
              @Override
              public final void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
              }
          }
      }
      
      // 这个类和ActivitiListener类似的原理,但是是针对ServiceTask的,因为ServiceTask组件需要指定一个JavaDelegate的实现
      public class ServiceTaskDelegate implements JavaDelegate {
      
          @Override
          public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) {
              // 获取组件id
              String taskDefinitionKey = execution.getCurrentActivityId();
              // 查找ServiceTaskHandler对象
              ServiceTaskHandler serviceTaskHandler =
                      ApplicationContextUtil.getBean(taskDefinitionKey, ServiceTaskHandler.class);
              if (Objects.nonNull(serviceTaskHandler)) {
                  // 调用目标方法
                  serviceTaskHandler.notify(execution);
              }
          }
      }
      
      // 这个是系统任务处理器,activiti里面还有一个ServiceTask的组件
      public abstract class ServiceTaskHandler extends AbstractTaskHandler {
      
          // 重写ExecutionListener后置操作,保存数据
          @Override
          protected void afterExecute(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              saveData(execution, data);
          }
          
          // 空实现
          @Override
          protected List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          // 空实现
          @Override
          protected List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          // 实现ExecutionListener的操作
          @Override
          protected void execute(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
              Object result = approvalResult(execution, variables, data);
              Object opinion = approvalOpinion(execution, variables, data);
              if (Objects.nonNull(result)) {
                  data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_RESULT.name(), result);
              }
              if (Objects.nonNull(opinion)) {
                  data.put(Approval.APPROVAL_OPINION.name(), opinion);
              }
          }
      
          /**
           * 审批结果
           *
           * @return
           */
          public abstract Object approvalResult(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data);
      
          /**
           * 审批意见
           *
           * @return
           */
          public abstract Object approvalOpinion(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data);
      }
      
      // 网关任务处理器
      public abstract class GateTaskHandler extends AbstractElement {
      
          private static final long serialVersionUID = -1425610003326612058L;
      
          // 空实现
          @Override
          protected void afterExecute(DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {}
      
          // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
          @Override
          protected final List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      
          // 把不可能调用的直接final处理掉
          @Override
          protected final List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
                  DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> data) {
              return null;
          }
      }
      

      按照这个,我把最主要的UserTask、ServiceTask等几个常见的任务给处理掉了。下面来看一下这些抽象类都怎么使用。

具体实现

// "leave"是流程图的id
@Service("leave")
public class LeaveServiceImpl extends BaseProcessServiceImpl
        implements ILeaveService {
  /**
     * 流程定义key
     */
    private static final String LEAVE_PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY = "leave";

    @Override
    protected String processDefinitionKey() {
        return LEAVE_PROCESS_DEFINITION_KEY;
    }

    // 接口方法,需要实现,申请假期
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    @Override
    public String apply(Object data, String userId) throws GlobalException {
      // 准备数据TODO
      // 调用BaseProcessServiceImpl启动方法启动流程实例
      ProcessInstance processInstance =
                startProcessInstance(businessKey, Executor.defaultExecutor(userId),
                        variables, data);
        return processInstance.getId();
    }
  
    // 接口方法,需要实现,审批业务
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    @Override
    public String approval(Object approval, String userId)
            throws GlobalException {
        // 准备数据
        Map<String, Object> variables = handleApprovalVariables(approval, userId);
        Map<String, Object> data = handleApprovalData(approval);
        // 调用父类的办理方法
        Task task =
                completeTask(
                        approval.getTaskId(), approval.getBusinessKey(),
                        Executor.defaultExecutor(userId), variables, data);
        return task.getId();
    }
}

// 启动节点ID
@Component("leave_apply")
public class ApplyTask extends UserTaskHandler.StartEventTaskHandler {
  
    // 任务前置操作
    @Override
    public void beforeTask(
            Task task,
            String businessKey,
            Executor executor,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data)
            throws GlobalException {
    }

    // 任务数据快照
    @Override
    public List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
            Object obj,
            Executor executor,
            String businessKey,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data) {
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(data)) {
            return null;
        }
        FieldInfo.Builder builder = new FieldInfo.Builder();
        for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : data.entrySet()) {
            String value = CastUtil.castString(entry.getValue(), StringUtils.EMPTY);
            builder.normalFieldInfo(entry.getKey(), value, "");
        }
        return builder.build();
    }

    // 保存在流程实例中的数据
    @Override
    public List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
            Object obj,
            Executor executor,
            String businessKey,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data) {
        String leave_reason = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("leave_reason"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        String leave_date = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("leave_date"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        return new FieldInfo.Builder()
                .normalFieldInfo(
                        "leave_reason", leave_reason, "请假原因")
                .normalFieldInfo("leave_date", leave_date, "请假日期")
                .build();
    }

    @Override
    protected void execute(
            DelegateExecution execution, Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
    }
}

// 审批节点id
@Component("leave_approval")
public class UserApprovalTask extends UserTaskHandler {

    @Override
    public void beforeTask(
            Task task,
            String businessKey,
            Executor executor,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data)
            throws GlobalException {
    }

    // 节点快照数据;这里我存储的是审批数据
    @Override
    public List<FieldInfo> taskNodeData(
            Object obj,
            Executor executor,
            String businessKey,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data) {

        String approvalUserId = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("approvalUserId"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        String approvalResult = CastUtil.castString(data.get("approvalResult"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        String approvalOpinion = CastUtil.castString(data.get("approvalOpinion"), StringUtils.EMPTY);

        FieldInfo.Builder builder = new FieldInfo.Builder();
        builder.normalFieldInfo("approvalUserId", approvalUserId, "审批人ID")
                .normalFieldInfo("approvalResult", approvalResult, "审批结果")
                .normalFieldInfo("approvalOpinion", approvalOpinion, "审批意见");

        return builder.build();
    }

    // 同样的,我把需要的数据存储进流程实例中
    @Override
    public List<FieldInfo> processInstanceData(
            Object obj,
            Executor executor,
            String businessKey,
            Map<String, Object> variables,
            Map<String, Object> data) {

        String approvalUserId = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("approvalUserId"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        String approvalResult = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("approvalResult"), StringUtils.EMPTY);
        String approvalOpinion = CastUtil.castString(variables.get("approvalOpinion"), StringUtils.EMPTY);

        return new FieldInfo.Builder()
                .normalFieldInfo(
                        "approvalUserId",
                        approvalUserId,
                        "审批人ID")
                .normalFieldInfo("approvalResult",
                        approvalResult,
                        "审批结果")
                .normalFieldInfo(
                        "approvalOpinion",
                        approvalOpinion,
                        "审批意见")
                .build();
    }

    // 审批结果
    @Override
    public Object approvalResult(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
        return data.getOrDefault("approvalResult", StrUtil.EMPTY);
    }

    // 审批意见
    @Override
    public Object approvalOpinion(Map<String, Object> variables, Map<String, Object> data) {
        return data.getOrDefault("approvalOpinion", StrUtil.EMPTY);
    }

    // 自定义设置办理人
    @Override
    protected void setAssignee(DelegateTask delegateTask) {
        Object approvalUserId = delegateTask.getVariable("approvalUserId");
        if (Objects.isNull(approvalUserId)) {
            super.setAssignee(delegateTask);
        } else {
            String userId = CastUtil.castString(approvalUserId);
            delegateTask.setAssignee(userId);
        }
    }
}

通过以上代码及相关注释,我已经把我对于activiti工作量引擎的使用与思考总结起来了,感兴趣的小伙伴可以参与一起讨论。

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      本文标题:Activiti工作流引擎的使用、思考与总结

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