【心理学】
北京师范大学精品课程发展心理学—申继亮教授主讲
心理学基本原理 华南师大 张积家
学前教育心理学 南京师范大学 许卓娅
发展心理学 苏彦捷
脑与语言认知 江铭虎
乔姆斯基关于语言习得的理论-刺激贫乏论 冯志伟
【哲学】
西方美学史 主讲：邓晓芒
美学原理 叶朗
美学 罗筠筠
西方哲学史 主讲：孟彦文
西方哲学史 主讲：赵林
现代西方哲学 主讲：孟建伟
哲学导论（北大）张祥龙
叶秀山 哲学要义
张志伟 西方哲学史 （全60讲）
中西哲学之会通十四讲 牟宗三
慧田哲学音频
主播：慧田哲学_慧田哲学的电台_慧田哲学广播在线收听-喜马拉雅
康德专题研究 (纯粹理性批判)主讲-邓晓芒【全61讲 】
康德《纯粹理性批判》导论
邓晓芒 判断力批判 康德
神曲康德之歌之纯粹知性概念的演绎
《Kang Song》 康德之歌
-----郭群译
Let us first divide cognition into rational analysis
倘若将认知感分为理性之推断
and sensory perception (which Descartes considered valueless).
和笛卡尔心中一无是处的知感，
Now reason gives us concepts which are true but tautological;
理性在塑造概念时却是终始难辨
sensation gives us images whose content is phenomenal.
感性在渲染印象中反倒如日中天
Whatever greets our senses must exist in space and time
意识怎能逾越过时间与空间
for else it would be nowhere and nowhen and therefore slime;
否则都难逃虚无宿命的荏苒
the space and time we presuppose before we sense reality
人类在感知的石碑下铭刻了范畴的法典，
must have innate subjective transcendental ideality.
心灵也沦陷沉湎在华丽的超验主义之魂。
Thus space and time
那时空中真切的浮世万象，
are forms of our perception
只是感知主观的过眼云烟，
whereby sensation’s synthesized in orderly array;
就像朝生暮死的昙花一现。
the same must hold
这是一场铺天盖地的谎言，
for rational conception:
理性也难逃这嶙峋的殉难，
in everything we think, the laws of logic must hold sway.
思维在逻辑的废墟中瘫痪。
But a problem here arises with respect to natural science:
可科学的缺陷让我懂得了忧伤，
while empirical in method, on pure thought it lays reliance.
少了信仰的经验主义踏上流亡。
Although for Newton’s findings we to Newton give the glory
牛顿的力学定律让理性回归了故乡，
Newton never could have found them if they weren’t known a priori.
可若没有先验的因果他会依旧迷茫。
We know that nature governed is by principles immutable
我们假定真理的存在亘古流长
but how we come to know this is inherently inscrutable;
可它为何存在理性却难以思量
that thought requires logic is a standpoint unassailable
人类的思考注定披上逻辑的衣裳
but for objects of our senses explanations aren’t available.
可逻辑无法逾越内在感知的屏障
So let's attempt
姑且乐观地将理性的无能遗忘，
to vivisect cognition
试着解答关于内在意识的迷惘，
by critical analysis in hope that we may find
用批判思维的眼神我们在遥望，
the link between pure thought and intuition:
那纯粹理性和内在直觉的远方，
a deduction transcendental will shed light upon the mind.
先验演绎让启蒙之光可以远航。
You may recall that space and time are forms of apprehension
你可曾记起时空本是逻辑的根基？
and therefore what we sense has spatiotemporal extension;
凡尘百态都囚禁在时空的枷锁里。
whatever is extended is composed of a plurality
这枷锁本承载了成千上万的假设前提，
but through an act of synthesis we form a commonality.
可抽象归纳让人混淆了时空观的记忆。
If we are to be conscious of a single concrete entity
倘若用理性的姿态来刨根问底，
each part of its extension must be given independently
便必须将所有暗藏的隐喻遗弃，
combining in a transcendental apperceptive unity
去拥抱那开满超验之花的大地，
to which I may ascribe the term “self-conscious” with impunity.
如此“自我意识”就不受非议。
The order of
哲学法则能洞明
our various sensations
有关多变的感情
arises from connections not beheld in sense alone;
触动超验的神经
our self creates
一切是自我精神
the rules of their relations
创造出来的性情
and of this combination it is conscious as its own.
超验与感知绽放出意识的宿命。
While these rules correspond to scientific causal laws
尽然科学因果律的世界固然美丽，
the question of their constancy remains to give us pause;
但如何确信它是亘古不变的真理？
but once we recollect the source of our self-conscious mind,
可倘若我们追溯自我意识的记忆，
to this perverse dilemma a solution we may find.
便重新踏上寻觅真理回归的伊始。
The self is nothing but its act of synthesis sublime;
自我存在只是超验式的归纳演绎，
this act must be the same to be self-conscious over time.
任时光匆匆自我意识都守恒如一。
The rules for combination of its selfhood form the ground
生死边缘四季幻灭自我还是统一，
so what we perceive tomorrow by today’s laws must be bound.
于是今日的你必然还是明日的你
These constant laws
这天荒地老的真理，
whereby we shape experience
是塑造经验的瓦器，
are simply those which regulate our reason: that is plain.
是理性诞生的遗迹。
So don’t ask why
我愿不再冥想苦思，
the stars display invariance –
有关星辰万物朝生暮死背后的存在意义，
the Cosmos is produced by your disoriented brain!
也许物质存在仅是一场自我意淫的游戏！
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