系解单词笔记
前言
How many roads must a man walk down,
before you can call him a man.
--Bob Dylan
本文档允许自由复制和修改，并按照开源协定公开．
系解单词笔记 第２版 版权所有（C） 2018<ｚｙｈ>
一些有意思的结构和发现
这里包括一些基本的词汇和一些变形比如它的adj形式，都是很有意思的．
- disc 盘
- bone 骨
- joint 关节
- vertebrea 椎骨-vertebral 椎骨的-intervertebral 椎间的
- sinus 窦
- gland ...腺
- 表示大这一概念：major,maximus,great.
- cavity 腔
- burse 囊
- －um 绝大多数带此后缀的都是以＂肠＂或＂骨＂结尾，其中以肠为常见．
- hilum 门
- rental 肾的
- 脉管系统：artery动脉，vein静脉 venous静脉的，arch 弓，aorta 主动脉
- trunk 干
- common 总，external外，internal 内，superior 上，inferior 下，lateral 侧的，posterior 后，dorsal背侧的，superficial浅的，deep深的，
- fasciculus,tract 纤维束
- body,corpus ...体
- optic,visual 视觉的
- thalamus ...丘脑
- lemnisus ...丘系
- 管道的表述：tube,canal,duct
- alimentary 消化
- systematic anatomy 系统解剖学-anatomical 解剖学的
- medulla 髓质
- 胸部，胸腔部的常以＂Ｔ＂开头，如 thorax 胸廓，thoracic 胸部的
- cerehral 大脑的 cranial 脑
- ilimu 髂骨－iliac 髂Ｘ
- ulna 尺骨－ulnar 尺Ｘ
- radius 桡骨－radial 桡Ｘ
- femur 股骨－femoral 股Ｘ－femoris
- tibia 胫骨－tibial 胫Ｘ
- lumbar 腰Ｘ
- sacrum 骶骨－sacral 骶Ｘ
- carotid 颈的
- omentum 网膜－omental 网膜的
- rectum 直肠－recto-vesical ponch 直肠膀胱陷凹－recto-uterime ponch 直肠子宫陷凹
- 对于舌下神经和舌咽神经，它们都有一个gloss的字符串，字符串没有出现在开头的为舌下神经．
- spinal 脊髓的
- sympathetic 交感－parasympathetic 副交感
- 在带鼓字样的结构里，都有字符串：tympani，如咽鼓管，鼓索，鼓膜．
- 下颌 mandibular,上颌 maxillary,其中以下颌构成的复合词为多见
- para-这一前缀表示副的或者旁的
- sense-sensory,感觉
- temporal颞骨的，clavian锁骨的，palmar手掌的，掌中的．
- ｕrine-urinary泌尿
完整单词表
对于比较难的单词，似乎没有找到很有趣的地方的，都以加粗的形式给出．
- systematic anatomy 系统解剖学
- anatomical position 解剖学姿势
- bone 骨
- compact bone 骨密质
- spongy bone 骨松质
- periosteum 骨膜
- bone marrow 骨髓
- vertebra 椎骨
- cervical vertebrae 颈椎
- thoracic vertebrae 胸椎
- lumbar vertebrae 腰椎
- sacrum 骶骨
- coccyx 尾骨
- rib 肋
- costal bone 肋骨
- sternum 胸骨
- sternal angle 胸骨角
- skull 颅
- pterion 翼点
- paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦
- frontal sinus 额窦
- maxillary sinus 上颌窦
- sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦
- ethmoidal sinus 筛窦
- scapula 肩胛骨
- humerus 肱骨
- radius 桡骨
- ulna 尺骨
- carpal bones 腕骨
- hip bone 髋骨
- ilium 髂骨
- ischium 坐骨
- pubis 耻骨
- femur 股骨
- patella 髌骨
- tibia 胫骨
- fibula 腓骨
- tarsal bones 跗骨
- joint, articulation 关节
- synovial joint 滑膜关节
- vertebral column 脊柱
- intervertebral disc 椎间盘
- thorax 胸廓
- temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节
- shoulder joint 肩关节
- elbow joint 肘关节
- radiocarpal joint/wrist joint桡腕关节
- pelvis 骨盆
- hip joint 髋关节
- knee joint 膝关节
- ankle joint 踝关节
- muscle 肌
- muscle belly肌腹
- tendon 肌腱
- sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌
- scalene fissure 斜角肌隙
- trapezius 斜方肌
- latissimus dorsi 背阔肌
- erector spinae 竖脊肌
- pectoralis major 胸大肌
- serratus anterior 前锯肌
- diaphragm 膈
- deltoid 三角肌
- biceps brachii 肱二头肌
- triceps brachii 肱三头肌
- gluteus maximus 臀大肌
- sartorius. 缝匠肌
- quadriceps femoris .股四头肌
- triceps surae. 小腿三头肌
- splanchnology 内脏学
- alimentary system 消化系统
- alimentary canal 消化管
- alimentary gland 消化腺
- cheek 颊
- oral cavity 口腔
- isthmus of fauces咽峡
- papillae of tongue 舌乳头
- salivary gland 唾液腺
- sublingual gland 舌下腺
- parotid gland 腮腺
- submandibular gland 下颌下腺
- pharynx 咽
- palatine tonsil 腭扁桃体
- esophagus 食管
- stomach 胃
- small intestine 小肠
- duodenum 十二指肠
- jejunum 空肠
- ileum 回肠
- caecum 盲肠
- vermiform appendix 阑尾
- colon 结肠
- sigmoid colon 乙状结肠
- rectum 直肠
- anal canal 肛管
- dentate line 齿状线
- liver 肝
- porta hepatis 肝门
- gallbladder 胆囊
- pancreas 胰
- respiratory system 呼吸系统
- nose 鼻
- nasal cavity 鼻腔
- Little area 易出血区
- larynx 喉
- trachea 气管
- bifurcation of trachea 气管隆嵴
- bronchi 支气管
- lung 肺
- hilum of lung 肺门
- pleura 胸膜
- urinary system 泌尿系统
- kidney 肾
- renal hilum 肾门
- renal pedicle 肾蒂
- renal region 肾区
- ureter 输尿管
- urinary bladder 膀胱
- trigone of bladder 膀胱三角
- urethra 尿道
- reproductive system生殖系统
- testis 睾丸
- epididymis 附睾
- ductus deferens 输精管
- spermatic cord 精索
- ejaculatory duct 射精管
- prostate/prostate gland前列腺
- seminal vesicle 精囊
- scrotum 阴囊
- penis 阴茎
- ovary 卵巢
- uterine tube 输卵管
- uterus 子宫
- vagina 阴道
- fornix of vagina 阴道穹
- mamma, breast 乳房
- suspensory ligament of breast乳房悬韧带
- perineum 会阴
- peritoneum 腹膜
- greater omentum 大网膜
- omental burse 网膜囊
- rectovesical ponch 直肠膀胱陷凹
- rectouterine pouch 直肠子宫陷凹
- circulatory system 脉管系统
- heart 心
- cardiac apex 心尖
- tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
- tricuspid valve complex 三尖瓣复合体
- mitral valve 二尖瓣
- mitral complex 二尖瓣复合体
- sinuatrial node 窦房结
- coronary artery 冠状动脉
- pericardium 心包
- pericardial cavity 心包腔
- arterial ligament 动脉韧带
- common carotid artery 颈总动脉
- carotid sinus 颈动脉窦
- carotid glomus 颈动脉小球
- internal carotid artery 颈内动脉
- facial artery 面动脉
- superficial temporal artery 颞浅动脉
- subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉
- axillary artery 腋动脉
- brachial artery 肱动脉
- ulnar artery 尺动脉
- radial artery 桡动脉
- superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓
- deep palmar arch 掌深弓
- thoracic aorta 胸主动脉
- abdominal aorta 腹主动脉
- coeliac trunk 腹腔干
- splenic artery 脾动脉
- superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉
- inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉
- common iliac artery 髂总动脉
- external iliac artery 髂外动脉
- internal iliac artery 髂内动脉
- femoral artery 股动脉
- popliteal artery 腘动脉
- posterior tibial artery 胫后动脉
- dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉
- uterine artery 子宫动脉
- superior vena cava 上腔静脉
- internal jugular vein 颈内静脉
- venous angle 静脉角
- cephalic vein 头静脉
- basilic vein 贵要静脉
- median cubital vein 肘正中静脉
- brachiocephalic vein 头臂静脉
- great saphenous vein 大隐静脉
- small saphenous vein 小隐静脉
- hepatic portal vein 肝门静脉
- lymphatic trunk 淋巴干
- thoracic duct 胸导管
- thymus 胸腺
- sensory organ 感觉器
- visual organ 视器
- cornea 角膜
- sclera 巩膜
- iris 虹膜
- pupil 瞳孔
- ciliary body 睫状体
- choroid 脉络膜
- retina 视网膜
- optic disc 视神经盘
- macula lutea 黄斑
- aqueous humor 房水
- lens 晶状体
- vitreous body 玻璃体
- ear 耳
- tympanic membrane 鼓膜
- pharyngotympanic tube 咽鼓管
- vestibule 前庭
- cochlea 耳蜗
- peripheral nervous system
- 周围神经系统
- central nervous system
- 中枢神经系统
- gray matter 灰质
- cortex 皮质
- nucleus 神经核
- white matter 白质
- medulla 髓质
- fasciculus 纤维束
- ganglion 神经节
- spinal cord 脊髓
- conus medullaris 脊髓圆锥
- cauda equine 马尾
- fasciculus gracilis 薄束
- fasciculus cuneatus 楔束
- spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束
- corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束
- brain, encephalon 脑
- brain stem 脑干
- medulla oblongata 延髓
- pyramid 锥体
- pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉
- pons 脑桥
- midbrain 中脑
- red nucleus 红核
- substantia nigra 黑质
- medial lemniscus 内侧丘系
- lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系
- cerebellum 小脑
- diencephalon 间脑
- dorsal thalamus 背侧丘脑
- hypothalamus 下丘脑
- optic chiasma 视交叉
- medial geniculate body 内侧膝状体
- telencephalon 端脑
- cerebral cortex 大脑皮质
- corpus callosum 胼胝体
- corpus striatum 纹状体
- lateral ventricle 侧脑室
- internal capsule 内囊
- spinal nerve 脊神经
- spinal ganglia 脊神经节
- cervical plexus 颈丛
- phrenic nerve 膈神经
- brachial plexus 臂丛
- median nerve 正中神经
- musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经
- radial nerve 桡神经
- ulnar nerve 尺神经
- lumbar plexus 腰丛
- femoral nerve 股神经
- obturator nerve 闭孔神经
- sacral plexus 骶丛
- sciatic nerve 坐骨神经
- tibial nerve 胫神经
- common peroneal nerve 腓总神经
- cranial nerve 脑神经
- olfactory nerve 嗅神经
- optic nerve 视神经
- oculomotor nerve 动眼神经
- trochlear nerve 滑车神经
- trigeminal nerve 三叉神经
- ophthalmic nerve 眼神经
- maxillary nerve 上颌神经
- mandibular nerve 下颌神经
- abducent nerve 展神经
- facial nerve 面神经
- vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经
- glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经
- vagus nerve 迷走神经
- accessory nerve 副神经
- hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经
- chorda tympani 鼓索
- sympathetic nerve 交感神经
- sympathetic trunk交感干
- parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经
- cerebral dura mater 硬脑膜
- epidural space 硬膜外隙
- subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下隙
- spinal pia mater 软脊膜
- cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液
- endocrine glands 内分泌腺
- thyroid gland 甲状腺
- parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺
- suprarenal gland 肾上腺
- hypophysis 垂体
- pineal corpus 松果体
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