初始环境
系统: centos 7 ( x86_64 GNU/Linux)
docker版本 :Docker version 20.10.11
1、初始化
- binfmt_misc 、QEMU依赖安装
docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
- 验证qemu是否安装成功
[root@VM-187-115-centos ~]# ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/
kshcomp qemu-arm qemu-m68k qemu-mips64 qemu-mipsn32el qemu-ppc64le qemu-sh4 qemu-sparc64 status
qemu-aarch64 qemu-armeb qemu-microblaze qemu-mips64el qemu-or1k qemu-riscv32 qemu-sh4eb qemu-xtensa
qemu-aarch64_be qemu-hexagon qemu-microblazeel qemu-mipsel qemu-ppc qemu-riscv64 qemu-sparc qemu-xtensaeb
qemu-alpha qemu-hppa qemu-mips qemu-mipsn32 qemu-ppc64 qemu-s390x qemu-sparc32plus register
可以看到qemu支持的架构有 arm、mips ,qemu-mips64el
的状态是 enabled
[root@VM-187-115-centos ~]# cat /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/qemu-mips64el
enabled
interpreter /usr/bin/qemu-mips64el-static
flags: F
offset 0
magic 7f454c4602010100000000000000000002000800
mask ffffffffffffff00fffffffffffffffffeffffff
2、测试
1、 pull 一个mips64架构的镜像,验证是否可以运行
2、uname -a
查看容器的架构类型
[root@VM-187-115-centos ~]# docker pull loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64:v9
v9: Pulling from loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64
46118084dfd4: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:1356718d3a359d66cfa2b4560d64f57eaa0f3b3963d918d5c0ee23674018134a
Status: Downloaded newer image for loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64:v9
docker.io/loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64:v9
[root@VM-187-115-centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64 v9 f807eae237d5 6 days ago 267MB
multiarch/qemu-user-static latest 871019ea8dda 3 months ago 299MB
[root@VM-187-115-centos ~]# docker run -it loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64:v9 /bin/bash
root@620f1c5e8616:/# uname -a
Linux 620f1c5e8616 5.4.119-1-tlinux4-0008 #1 SMP Fri Nov 26 11:17:45 CST 2021 mips64 GNU/Linux
3、loongarch 架构的支持
默认qemu的配置中,是不支持 loongarch 架构的, 所以如果镜像的架构是 loongarch 的话,那需要另外注册。
1、下载 qemu-loongarch64-static,放到/usr/bin
目录
[root@VM-187-115-centos /data/workspace]# wget https://gitee.com/michael0066/qemu-loongarch64-static/blob/master/qemu-loongarch64-static
2、 注册 loongarch
[root@VM-187-115-centos /data/workspace]# echo ":qemu-loongarch64:M::\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x02\x01:\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xfe\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff:/usr/bin/qemu-loongarch64-static:" > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register
// 检查是否注册成功
[root@VM-187-115-centos /data/workspace]# ls /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/ |grep loonqemu-loongarch64
qemu-loongarch64
3、 下载loongarch 镜像,确认是否可以运行(uname -a 查看系统架构
)
# docker pull loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64:e15.0
[root@VM-187-115-centos /data/workspace]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
loongsongd/debian_mips64el_x64 v9 f807eae237d5 6 days ago 267MB
mirrors.tencent.com/wwlocal4ubuntu/ubuntu_arm_compiler tag20220215 5fe79aae8948 2 weeks ago 3.67GB
loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64 e15.0 6e04cd1bee86 2 months ago 2.91GB
multiarch/qemu-user-static latest 871019ea8dda 3 months ago 299MB
[root@VM-187-115-centos /data/workspace]# docker run -it loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64:e15.0 /bin/bash
root@44adb0d84b94:/# uname -a
Linux 44adb0d84b94 5.16.0 #1 SMP Fri Nov 26 11:17:45 CST 2021 loongarch64 loongarch64 loongarch64 GNU/Linux
4、可能遇到的问题
1、docker run 可能遇到的
WARNING: The requested image's platform (linux/arm64/v8)
does not match the detected host platform (linux/amd64) and no specific platform was requested
解决方案:
这只是1个警告,不影响容器的运行。
可在镜像系统目录 /usr/bin
目录中放入 qemu-aarch64-static
文件,需要放对应架构的qemu-****-static
文件。
2、docker pull 被限制
Error response from daemon: toomanyrequests: You have reached your pull rate limit. You may increase the limit by authenticating and upgrading: https://www.docker.com/increase-rate-limit
解决方案:
登录一个dockerhub账号就就好了
docker login
然后按照提示输入用户名密码。
3、通过 tar 压缩linux系统制作的镜像,在跨平台运行的时候可能会提示各种错误。
具体错误可参考文章:
mips64 银河麒麟V10 制作docker镜像
参考文章
qemu-user-static
https://hub.docker.com/r/loongsongd/debian10_loongarch64_x64
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