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centos7 动态挂载扩容磁盘

centos7 动态挂载扩容磁盘

作者: 程序猿TT | 来源:发表于2023-06-27 13:38 被阅读0次

    LVM扩容(centos7)

    一 、LVM扩容准备

    1.1 查看fdisk

    fdisk -l
    
    # 输出如下
    磁盘 /dev/vda:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字节,419430400 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    磁盘标签类型:dos
    磁盘标识符:0x000ad73e
    
       设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/vda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/vda2         2099200   419430399   208665600   8e  Linux LVM
    
    磁盘 /dev/vdb:67 MB, 67108864 字节,131072 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    
    
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-root:53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节,104857600 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    
    
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:4160 MB, 4160749568 字节,8126464 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    
    
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-home:155.8 GB, 155818393600 字节,304332800 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    
    
    磁盘 /dev/vdc:322.1 GB, 322122547200 字节,629145600 个扇区
    Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
    I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
    
    

    1.2 查看所有存储设备

    fdisk -l |grep '/dev'
    
    # 输出如下
    # 挂载的第一块磁盘 214.7GB
    磁盘 /dev/vda:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字节,419430400 个扇区
    /dev/vda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/vda2         2099200   419430399   208665600   8e  Linux LVM
    磁盘 /dev/vdb:67 MB, 67108864 字节,131072 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-root:53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节,104857600 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:4160 MB, 4160749568 字节,8126464 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-home:155.8 GB, 155818393600 字节,304332800 个扇区
    
    # 挂载的第一块磁盘 322.1GB
    磁盘 /dev/vdc:322.1 GB, 322122547200 字节,629145600 个扇区
    
    • 其中 /dev/vdc 为挂载的磁盘

    二、开始LVM扩容

    2.1 创建 vdc 分区

    fdisk /dev/vdc 
    
    # 输出如下
    欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
    
    更改将停留在内存中,直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
    使用写入命令前请三思。
    
    Device does not contain a recognized partition table
    使用磁盘标识符 0x5252534b 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。
    
    ## 在此处输入命令
    ## n:新建分区
    ## l: 选择逻辑分区,如果没有,则首先创建主分区(p),然后再添加逻辑分区(硬盘最多四个分区 P-P-P-P 或 P-P-P-E)
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助):n
    Partition type:
       p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
       e   extended
    Select (default p): 
    Using default response p
    分区号 (1-4,默认 1):
    起始 扇区 (2048-629145599,默认为 2048):
    将使用默认值 2048
    Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-629145599,默认为 629145599):
    将使用默认值 629145599
    分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型,大小设为 300 GiB
    
    ## 在此处输入命令
    ## w:写入磁盘
    命令(输入 m 获取帮助):w
    The partition table has been altered!
    
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    正在同步磁盘。
    

    2.1 格式化磁盘

    • 查看分区(查看新建分区)
    fdisk -l |grep '/dev'
    
    # 输出如下
    磁盘 /dev/vda:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字节,419430400 个扇区
    /dev/vda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    /dev/vda2         2099200   419430399   208665600   8e  Linux LVM
    磁盘 /dev/vdb:67 MB, 67108864 字节,131072 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-root:53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节,104857600 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:4160 MB, 4160749568 字节,8126464 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-home:155.8 GB, 155818393600 字节,304332800 个扇区
    磁盘 /dev/vdc:322.1 GB, 322122547200 字节,629145600 个扇区
    
    # 新建分区
    /dev/vdc1            2048   629145599   314571776   83  Linux
    
    • 格式化磁盘 (由于需要扩容的磁盘格式为 xfs ,所以将待添加的磁盘也格式化为 xfs)
    mkfs -t xfs /dev/vdc1
    
    # 输出如下
    meta-data=/dev/vdc1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=19660736 blks
             =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
             =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
    data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=78642944, imaxpct=25
             =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
    naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
    log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=38399, version=2
             =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
    realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
    

    2.2 创建PV (Physical volume)

    pvcreate /dev/vdc1
    
    # 输出如下
    WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/vdc1 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
    Wiping xfs signature on /dev/vdc1.
    Physical volume "/dev/vdc1" successfully created.
    

    2.3 查看创建的PV

    pvscan
    
    # 输出如下
      PV /dev/vda2   VG cl              lvm2 [199.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
      PV /dev/vdc1                      lvm2 [300.00 GiB]
      Total: 2 [499.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [199.00 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [300.00 GiB]
    

    2.4 扩容VG(Volume group)

    • 查看VG
    vgdisplay
    
    # 输出如下
    --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               cl
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  4
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                3
      Open LV               3
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               199.00 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              50943
      Alloc PE / Size       50942 / 198.99 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       1 / 4.00 MiB
      VG UUID               xfaMPr-fYi6-hl5X-clbz-24mx-kZII-BicOtP
    
    • 扩容VG
    vgextend cl /dev/vdc1
    
    # 输出如下
      Volume group "cl" successfully extended
    

    2.5 扩容LV(Logical volume)

    • 查看LV
    lvdisplay
    
    # 输出如下
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/swap
      LV Name                swap
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                4mo9rw-EfNa-auo1-kmaj-7N0c-2jem-rjqgtD
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:07 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 2
      LV Size                3.88 GiB
      Current LE             992
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:1
       
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/home
      LV Name                home
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                70Qr13-MTC5-k4SQ-DcmU-PUvU-IABZ-iu8QWv
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:08 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 1
      LV Size                145.12 GiB
      Current LE             37150
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:2
       
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/root
      LV Name                root
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                HISItN-j9Qc-EdJ7-RfD4-fFdl-rLg6-OKzeC0
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:09 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 1
      LV Size                50.00 GiB
      Current LE             12800
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:0
    
    • 由于我们要将磁盘扩容至根节点,所以,操作的 LV 为 /dev/cl/root
    • 扩容LV ( 将所有的容量都扩容到 /dev/cl/root )
    lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/cl/root
    
    # 输出如下
      Size of logical volume cl/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 350.00 GiB (89600 extents).
      Logical volume cl/root successfully resized.
    
    • 刷新分区
    • 磁盘格式为 xfs ,刷新命令为:xfs_growfs /dev/cl/root
    • 磁盘格式为 ext4 ,刷新命令为: resize2fs /dev/cl/root
    xfs_growfs /dev/cl/root
    
    # 输出如下
    meta-data=/dev/mapper/cl-root    isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
             =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
             =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
    data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
             =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
    naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
    log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2
             =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
    realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
    data blocks changed from 13107200 to 91750400
    
    • 查看是否成功
    lvdisplay
    
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/swap
      LV Name                swap
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                4mo9rw-EfNa-auo1-kmaj-7N0c-2jem-rjqgtD
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:07 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 2
      LV Size                3.88 GiB
      Current LE             992
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:1
       
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/home
      LV Name                home
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                70Qr13-MTC5-k4SQ-DcmU-PUvU-IABZ-iu8QWv
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:08 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 1
      LV Size                145.12 GiB
      Current LE             37150
      Segments               1
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:2
       
      --- Logical volume ---
      LV Path                /dev/cl/root
      LV Name                root
      VG Name                cl
      LV UUID                HISItN-j9Qc-EdJ7-RfD4-fFdl-rLg6-OKzeC0
      LV Write Access        read/write
      LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-26 14:56:09 +0800
      LV Status              available
      # open                 1
      LV Size                350.00 GiB
      Current LE             89600
      Segments               2
      Allocation             inherit
      Read ahead sectors     auto
      - currently set to     8192
      Block device           253:0
    
    • 可以看到,最后的 LV : /dev/cl/root 已经由50G增加到了350G

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