Android提供给应用编解码的接口为MediaCodec。我们这里从NuPlayerDecoder开始分析,一是为了衔接之前将的MediaPlayer-NuPlayer流程,二是可以从中参考到MediaCodec是怎么用的,然后去分析内部流程会更好。
Codec创建流程
Android提供给应用编解码的接口为MediaCodec。我们这里从NuPlayerDecoder开始分析,一是为了衔接之前将的MediaPlayer-NuPlayer流程,二是可以从中参考到MediaCodec是怎么用的,然后去分析内部流程会更好。
之前说到NuPlayer.cpp创建Decoder流程(Video部分):instantiateDecoder
1965 sp<AMessage> notify = new AMessage(kWhatVideoNotify, this);
1966 ++mVideoDecoderGeneration;
1967 notify->setInt32("generation", mVideoDecoderGeneration);
1968
1969 *decoder = new Decoder(
1970 notify, mSource, mPID, mUID, mRenderer, mSurface, mCCDecoder);
1971 mVideoDecoderError = false;
NuPlayer::Decoder是继承于DecoderBase的,不过DecoderBase主要就是用于处理一些基本的流程(setParameter、start、stop等)。如果Decoder重写了就更不需要看了。Decoder构造函数中主要是创建了一个looper,每一个Decoder都需要有一个looper,因为MediaCodec是阻塞式的调用,但是NuPlayer需要的是异步操作: Decoder::Decoder
94 mCodecLooper = new ALooper;
95 mCodecLooper->setName("NPDecoder-CL");
96 mCodecLooper->start(false, false, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
97 mVideoTemporalLayerAggregateFps[0] = mFrameRateTotal;
再回来init:NuPlayer.cpp::instantiateDecoder
2032 (*decoder)->init();
2042 (*decoder)->configure(format);
Init()其实主要就是注册handler,主要看下configure,DecoderBase的未重写函数,最终发送kWhatConfigure,调用NuPlayer::Decoder::onConfigure:
293 AString mime;
294 CHECK(format->findString("mime", &mime));
295
296 mIsAudio = !strncasecmp("audio/", mime.c_str(), 6);
297 mIsVideoAVC = !strcasecmp(MEDIA_MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AVC, mime.c_str());
298
299 mComponentName = mime;
300 mComponentName.append(" decoder");
301 ALOGV("[%s] onConfigure (surface=%p)", mComponentName.c_str(), mSurface.get());
302
303 mCodec = MediaCodec::CreateByType(
304 mCodecLooper, mime.c_str(), false /* encoder */, NULL /* err */, mPid, mUid);
305 int32_t secure = 0;
306 if (format->findInt32("secure", &secure) && secure != 0) {
307 if (mCodec != NULL) {
308 mCodec->getName(&mComponentName);
309 mComponentName.append(".secure");
310 mCodec->release();
311 ALOGI("[%s] creating", mComponentName.c_str());
312 mCodec = MediaCodec::CreateByComponentName(
313 mCodecLooper, mComponentName.c_str(), NULL /* err */, mPid, mUid);
314 }
315 }
可以看到MediaCodec创建有两种方式
- CreateByType
- CreateByComponentName
CreateByType是通过mime创建,而CreateByComponentName是通过组件名创建。当format的secure是1的时候会获取之前mime创建mCodec的组件名,并释放,然后在组件名后拼接secure,然后再通过CreateByComponentName创建codec。Secure类型比较典型的就是youtube视频。(组件名一般为OMX.qcom.video.decoder.avc这种,对应media_codec.xml中)。
再看一下后面几个重要的调用: NuPlayer::Decoder::onConfigure:
360 err = mCodec->configure(
361 format, mSurface, crypto, 0 /* flags */);
//新建一个AMessage传给mediacodec,当mediacodec做好一些处理(如编码一帧)就把buffer index、flag、size等传入msg,然后post回来,相当于一个callback。
388 sp<AMessage> reply = new AMessage(kWhatCodecNotify, this);
389 mCodec->setCallback(reply);
390
391 err = mCodec->start();
然后看下MediaCodec对应的处理吧: CreateByType
439 sp<MediaCodec> MediaCodec::CreateByType(
440 const sp<ALooper> &looper, const AString &mime, bool encoder, status_t *err, pid_t pid,
441 uid_t uid) {
442 Vector<AString> matchingCodecs;
443
444 MediaCodecList::findMatchingCodecs(
445 mime.c_str(),
446 encoder,
447 0,
448 &matchingCodecs);
449
450 if (err != NULL) {
451 *err = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
452 }
453 for (size_t i = 0; i < matchingCodecs.size(); ++i) {
454 sp<MediaCodec> codec = new MediaCodec(looper, pid, uid);
455 AString componentName = matchingCodecs[i];
456 status_t ret = codec->init(componentName);
457 if (err != NULL) {
458 *err = ret;
459 }
460 if (ret == OK) {
461 return codec;
462 }
463 ALOGD("Allocating component '%s' failed (%d), try next one.",
464 componentName.c_str(), ret);
465 }
466 return NULL;
467 }
CreateByComponentName
470 sp<MediaCodec> MediaCodec::CreateByComponentName(
471 const sp<ALooper> &looper, const AString &name, status_t *err, pid_t pid, uid_t uid) {
472 sp<MediaCodec> codec = new MediaCodec(looper, pid, uid);
473
474 const status_t ret = codec->init(name);
475 if (err != NULL) {
476 *err = ret;
477 }
478 return ret == OK ? codec : NULL; // NULL deallocates codec.
479 }
findMatchingCodecs其实就是从所有的mediaCodec数组中选取匹配mime,mediaCodec数组是加载MediaCodecList的时候从media_codecs.xml中读取到的,具体流程放在Extend中跟踪。
CreateByComponentName和CreateByType最终都是new了MediaCodec,调用init传入组件名
887 status_t MediaCodec::init(const AString &name) {
906 const sp<IMediaCodecList> mcl = MediaCodecList::getInstance();
...
911 for (const AString &codecName : { name, tmp }) {
912 ssize_t codecIdx = mcl->findCodecByName(codecName.c_str());
...
916 mCodecInfo = mcl->getCodecInfo(codecIdx);
917 Vector<AString> mediaTypes;
918 mCodecInfo->getSupportedMediaTypes(&mediaTypes);
...
//根据组件名的开头选择CodecBase,如omx.则为ACodec,C2则为CCodec。
931 mCodec = GetCodecBase(name, mCodecInfo->getOwnerName());
//传给ACodec两个callback,参数都为AMessage,what为kWhatCodecNotify,用于ACodec消息回调。
//CodecCallback主要作用为状态回调,BufferChannel主要作用为buffer状态的回调。
951 mCodec->setCallback(
952 std::unique_ptr<CodecBase::CodecCallback>(
953 new CodecCallback(new AMessage(kWhatCodecNotify, this))));
954 mBufferChannel = mCodec->getBufferChannel();
955 mBufferChannel->setCallback(
956 std::unique_ptr<CodecBase::BufferCallback>(
957 new BufferCallback(new AMessage(kWhatCodecNotify,
this))));
...
959 sp<AMessage> msg = new AMessage(kWhatInit, this);
986 err = PostAndAwaitResponse(msg, &response);
看一下kWhatInit的消息处理:
2355 case kWhatInit:
2377 mCodec->initiateAllocateComponent(format);
OMX组件创建
上面提到了ACodec/CCodec/MediaFilter都是GetCodecBase通过组件名来创建的。这里拿ACodec当例子,如下为ACodec的构造函数,可以看到ACodec创建了九种状态机,ACodec在不同阶段会通过changeState切换不同的状态,用于管理底层各个Component的各种状态,理解状态机也能帮忙我们理解ACodec工作流程,这里可以看到初始化后状态为mUninitializedState。具体每一个状态机的相互切换留在写数据流的时候再写。
581
582 mUninitializedState = new UninitializedState(this);
583 mLoadedState = new LoadedState(this);
584 mLoadedToIdleState = new LoadedToIdleState(this);
585 mIdleToExecutingState = new IdleToExecutingState(this);
586 mExecutingState = new ExecutingState(this);
587
588 mOutputPortSettingsChangedState =
589 new OutputPortSettingsChangedState(this);
590
591 mExecutingToIdleState = new ExecutingToIdleState(this);
592 mIdleToLoadedState = new IdleToLoadedState(this);
593 mFlushingState = new FlushingState(this);
594
595 mPortEOS[kPortIndexInput] = mPortEOS[kPortIndexOutput] = false;
596 mInputEOSResult = OK;
597
598 mPortMode[kPortIndexInput] = IOMX::kPortModePresetByteBuffer;
599 mPortMode[kPortIndexOutput] = IOMX::kPortModePresetByteBuffer;
600
601 memset(&mLastNativeWindowCrop, 0, sizeof(mLastNativeWindowCrop));
602
603 changeState(mUninitializedState);
之后调用initiateAllocateComponent。看下代码:
634 void ACodec::initiateAllocateComponent(const sp<AMessage> &msg) {
635 msg->setWhat(kWhatAllocateComponent);
636 msg->setTarget(this);
637 msg->post();
6653 case ACodec::kWhatAllocateComponent:
6654 {
6655 onAllocateComponent(msg);
6656 handled = true;
6657 break;
6705 bool ACodec::UninitializedState::onAllocateComponent(const sp<AMessage> &msg){
6710 sp<AMessage> notify = new AMessage(kWhatOMXMessageList, mCodec);
6724 CHECK(msg->findString("componentName", &componentName));
6726 sp<CodecObserver> observer = new CodecObserver(notify);
6731 OMXClient client;
6732 if (client.connect(owner.c_str()) != OK) {
6733 mCodec->signalError(OMX_ErrorUndefined, NO_INIT);
6734 return false;
6735 }
6736 omx = client.interface();
//提高线程调度优先级
6739 int prevPriority = androidGetThreadPriority(tid);
6740 androidSetThreadPriority(tid, ANDROID_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND);
6741 err = omx->allocateNode(componentName.c_str(), observer, &omxNode);
6742 androidSetThreadPriority(tid, prevPriority);
//通过CodecCallback调用MediaCodec的onComponentAllocated来通知MediaCodec当前状态
6769 mCodec->mOMX = omx;
6770 mCodec->mOMXNode = omxNode;
6771 mCodec->mCallback->onComponentAllocated(mCodec->mComponentName.c_str());
接下来主要看下OMX的allocateNode,OMX对象是通过client.interface()获取到的,首先看下OMX是怎么起来的,如下代码可以看到OMX服务是跑在MediaCodec进程中,很标准的HIDL实现。hal接口定义在hardware/hardware/interfaces/media/omx/1.0中。 main_codecservice.cpp
51 using namespace ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0;
52 sp<IOmx> omx = new implementation::Omx();
55 } else if (omx->registerAsService() != OK) {
60 sp<IOmxStore> omxStore = new implementation::OmxStore(omx);
63 } else if (omxStore->registerAsService() != OK) {
OmxStore和Omx构造函数除了加载mediacodec xml,主要还new了OMXMaster,OMXMaster比较重要的就是添加了各种Plugin,Plugin如其名,就是加载OMX具体组件的插件。一般android原生都是加载soft plugin,各大平台厂商在实现自己硬编解码的时候也会添加自己的plugin。
32 OMXMaster::OMXMaster() {
...
53 addVendorPlugin();
54 addPlatformPlugin();
55 }
61 void OMXMaster::addVendorPlugin() {
62 addPlugin("libstagefrighthw.so");
63 }
64
65 void OMXMaster::addPlatformPlugin() {
66 addPlugin("libstagefright_softomx_plugin.so");
67 }
69 void OMXMaster::addPlugin(const char *libname) {
70 void *libHandle = android_load_sphal_library(libname, RTLD_NOW);
71
72 if (libHandle == NULL) {
73 return;
74 }
75
76 typedef OMXPluginBase *(*CreateOMXPluginFunc)();
77 CreateOMXPluginFunc createOMXPlugin =
78 (CreateOMXPluginFunc)dlsym(
79 libHandle, "createOMXPlugin");
80 if (!createOMXPlugin)
81 createOMXPlugin = (CreateOMXPluginFunc)dlsym(
82 libHandle, "_ZN7android15createOMXPluginEv");
83
84 OMXPluginBase *plugin = nullptr;
85 if (createOMXPlugin) {
86 plugin = (*createOMXPlugin)();
87 }
88
89 if (plugin) {
90 mPlugins.push_back({ plugin, libHandle });
91 addPlugin(plugin);
92 } else {
93 android_unload_sphal_library(libHandle);
94 }
95 }
97 void OMXMaster::addPlugin(OMXPluginBase *plugin) {
98 Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mLock);
104 while ((err = plugin->enumerateComponents(
105 name, sizeof(name), index++)) == OMX_ErrorNone) {
108 if (mPluginByComponentName.indexOfKey(name8) >= 0) {
112 continue;
113 }
115 mPluginByComponentName.add(name8, plugin);
116 }
回到ACodec,之前调用了omx->allocateNode(componentName.c_str(), observer, &omxNode);
84 Return<void> Omx::allocateNode(
85 const hidl_string& name,
86 const sp<IOmxObserver>& observer,
87 allocateNode_cb _hidl_cb) {
//OMXNodeInstance相当于组件的句柄,对象需要传回给ACodec,
//component就是通过Instance回调一些Codec函数,传回一些状态以及buffer信息。
100 instance = new OMXNodeInstance(
101 this, new LWOmxObserver(observer), name.c_str());
//调用OmxMaster::makeComponentInstance
104 OMX_ERRORTYPE err = mMaster->makeComponentInstance(
105 name.c_str(), &OMXNodeInstance::kCallbacks,
106 instance.get(), &handle);
116 instance->setHandle(handle);
//传给ACodec instance
144 _hidl_cb(toStatus(OK), new TWOmxNode(instance));
}
146 OMX_ERRORTYPE OMXMaster::makeComponentInstance(
147 const char *name,
148 const OMX_CALLBACKTYPE *callbacks,
149 OMX_PTR appData,
150 OMX_COMPONENTTYPE **component) {
//mPluginByComponentName是之前加载plugin存入的
156 ssize_t index = mPluginByComponentName.indexOfKey(String8(name));
162 OMXPluginBase *plugin = mPluginByComponentName.valueAt(index);
//调用plugin中makeComponentInstance
163 OMX_ERRORTYPE err =
164 plugin->makeComponentInstance(name, callbacks, appData, component);
170 mPluginByInstance.add(*component, plugin);
很多平台厂商的plugin文件的实际函数逻辑都在so文件中,无法查看,这里以Soft Plugin作为例子:
87 OMX_ERRORTYPE SoftOMXPlugin::makeComponentInstance(
88 const char *name,
89 const OMX_CALLBACKTYPE *callbacks,
90 OMX_PTR appData,
91 OMX_COMPONENTTYPE **component) {
94 for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumComponents; ++i) {
95 if (strcmp(name, kComponents[i].mName)) {
96 continue;
97 }
//libstagefright_soft_拼接上组件名
99 AString libName = "libstagefright_soft_";
100 libName.append(kComponents[i].mLibNameSuffix);
101 libName.append(".so");
//dlopen打开软编解码器so
117 void *libHandle = dlopen(libName.c_str(), RTLD_NOW|RTLD_NODELETE);
129 CreateSoftOMXComponentFunc createSoftOMXComponent =
130 (CreateSoftOMXComponentFunc)dlsym(
131 libHandle,
132 "_Z22createSoftOMXComponentPKcPK16OMX_CALLBACKTYPE"
133 "PvPP17OMX_COMPONENTTYPE");
142 sp<SoftOMXComponent> codec =
143 (*createSoftOMXComponent)(name, callbacks, appData, component);
160 codec->incStrong(this);
161 codec->setLibHandle(libHandle);
以libstagefright_soft_m4vh263dec.so为例
415 android::SoftOMXComponent *createSoftOMXComponent(
416 const char *name, const OMX_CALLBACKTYPE *callbacks,
417 OMX_PTR appData, OMX_COMPONENTTYPE **component) {
418 using namespace android;
419 if (!strcmp(name, "OMX.google.h263.decoder")) {
420 return new android::SoftMPEG4(
421 name, "video_decoder.h263", OMX_VIDEO_CodingH263,
422 kH263ProfileLevels, ARRAY_SIZE(kH263ProfileLevels),
423 callbacks, appData, component);
424 } else if (!strcmp(name, "OMX.google.mpeg4.decoder")) {
425 return new android::SoftMPEG4(
426 name, "video_decoder.mpeg4", OMX_VIDEO_CodingMPEG4,
427 kM4VProfileLevels, ARRAY_SIZE(kM4VProfileLevels),
428 callbacks, appData, component);
429 } else {
430 CHECK(!"Unknown component");
431 }
432 return NULL;
433 }
最终根据传入组件名创建相应解码器SoftMPEG4,看了下SoftMPEG4继承于SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent,而SoftVideoDecoderOMXComponent又继承于SimpleSoftOMXComponent,所以emptyThisBuffer、fillThisBuffer等omx基本方法,都在SimpleSoftOMXComponent中定义,而SoftMPEG4没有重写。至此omx组件创建完成,后续章节通过OMX各个状态的切换以及ACodec对应状态机的切换来继续分析数据流走向,同时会整理omx框架每个部分的关连。 至于MediaFilter(滤波器)、Codec2,大体流程跟ACodec都差不多,不过多分析,Codec2在Q版本及之前基本都是用于管理软编解码器,R版本应该会兼容硬编解码器,大概率会完全替换OMX框架。
Extend
MediaCodecList加载xml
void MediaCodecList::findMatchingCodecs(
346 const char *mime, bool encoder, uint32_t flags,
347 Vector<AString> *matches) {
348 matches->clear();
349
350 const sp<IMediaCodecList> list = getInstance();
351 if (list == nullptr) {
352 return;
353 }
354
355 size_t index = 0;
356 for (;;) {
357 ssize_t matchIndex =
358 list->findCodecByType(mime, encoder, index);
359
360 if (matchIndex < 0) {
361 break;
362 }
363
364 index = matchIndex + 1;
365
366 const sp<MediaCodecInfo> info = list->getCodecInfo(matchIndex);
367 CHECK(info != nullptr);
368 AString componentName = info->getCodecName();
369
370 if ((flags & kHardwareCodecsOnly) && isSoftwareCodec(componentName)) {
371 ALOGV("skipping SW codec '%s'", componentName.c_str());
372 } else {
373 matches->push(componentName);
374 ALOGV("matching '%s'", componentName.c_str());
375 }
376 }
377 //所以更改软硬编解码优先可以在这修改
378 if (flags & kPreferSoftwareCodecs ||
379 property_get_bool("debug.stagefright.swcodec", false)) {
380 matches->sort(compareSoftwareCodecsFirst);
381 }
382 }
383
getInstance的流程跟起来最后都是到了getLocalInstance:
143 sp<IMediaCodecList> MediaCodecList::getLocalInstance() {
MediaCodecList *codecList = new MediaCodecList(GetBuilders());
主要就是new了MediaCodecList,关键是参数GetBuilders(),先看omx的话,MediaCodecList中的builder就是OmxInfoBuilder 。
80 OmxInfoBuilder sOmxInfoBuilder{true /* allowSurfaceEncoders */};
95 std::vector<MediaCodecListBuilderBase *> GetBuilders() {
96 std::vector<MediaCodecListBuilderBase *> builders;
97 // if plugin provides the input surface, we cannot use OMX video encoders.
98 // In this case, rely on plugin to provide list of OMX codecs that are usable.
99 sp<PersistentSurface> surfaceTest =
100 StagefrightPluginLoader::GetCCodecInstance()->createInputSurface();
101 if (surfaceTest == nullptr) {
102 ALOGD("Allowing all OMX codecs");
103 builders.push_back(&sOmxInfoBuilder);
104 } else {
105 ALOGD("Allowing only non-surface-encoder OMX codecs");
106 builders.push_back(&sOmxNoSurfaceEncoderInfoBuilder);
107 }
108 builders.push_back(GetCodec2InfoBuilder());
109 return builders;
110 }
看一下MediaCodecList的构造函数:
203 MediaCodecList::MediaCodecList(std::vector<MediaCodecListBuilderBase*> builders) {
204 mGlobalSettings = new AMessage();
205 mCodecInfos.clear();
206 MediaCodecListWriter writer;
207 for (MediaCodecListBuilderBase *builder : builders) {
208 if (builder == nullptr) {
209 ALOGD("ignored a null builder");
210 continue;
211 }
212 mInitCheck = builder->buildMediaCodecList(&writer);
213 if (mInitCheck != OK) {
214 break;
215 }
216 }
217 writer.writeGlobalSettings(mGlobalSettings);
218 writer.writeCodecInfos(&mCodecInfos);
219 std::stable_sort(
220 mCodecInfos.begin(),
221 mCodecInfos.end(),
222 [](const sp<MediaCodecInfo> &info1, const sp<MediaCodecInfo> &info2) {
223 // null is lowest
224 return info1 == nullptr
225 || (info2 != nullptr && info1->getRank() < info2->getRank());
226 });
227
228 // remove duplicate entries
229 bool dedupe = property_get_bool("debug.stagefright.dedupe-codecs", true);
230 if (dedupe) {
231 std::set<std::string> codecsSeen;
232 for (auto it = mCodecInfos.begin(); it != mCodecInfos.end(); ) {
233 std::string codecName = (*it)->getCodecName();
234 if (codecsSeen.count(codecName) == 0) {
235 codecsSeen.emplace(codecName);
236 it++;
237 } else {
238 it = mCodecInfos.erase(it);
239 }
240 }
241 }
242
================================ buildMediaCodecList ================================
94 status_t OmxInfoBuilder::buildMediaCodecList(MediaCodecListWriter* writer) {
95 // Obtain IOmxStore
96 sp<IOmxStore> omxStore = IOmxStore::getService();
97 if (omxStore == nullptr) {
98 ALOGE("Cannot find an IOmxStore service.");
99 return NO_INIT;
100 }
101
102 // List service attributes (global settings)
103 Status status;
104 hidl_vec<IOmxStore::RoleInfo> roles;
105 auto transStatus = omxStore->listRoles(
106 [&roles] (
107 const hidl_vec<IOmxStore::RoleInfo>& inRoleList) {
108 roles = inRoleList;
109 });
================================ OmxStore::listRoles ================================
136 Return<void> OmxStore::listRoles(listRoles_cb _hidl_cb) {
137 _hidl_cb(mRoleList);
138 return Void();
139 }
================================ mRoleList: ================================
38 OmxStore::OmxStore(
39 const sp<IOmx> &omx,
40 const char* owner,
41 const std::vector<std::string> &searchDirs,
42 const std::vector<std::string> &xmlNames,
43 const char* profilingResultsXmlPath) {
44 // retrieve list of omx nodes 57 MediaCodecsXmlParser parser;
58 parser.parseXmlFilesInSearchDirs(xmlNames, searchDirs);
59 if (profilingResultsXmlPath != nullptr) {
60 parser.parseXmlPath(profilingResultsXmlPath);
61 }
75 const auto& roleMap = parser.getRoleMap(); for (const auto& rolePair : roleMap) {
79 RoleInfo role;
80 role.role = rolePair.first;
81 role.type = rolePair.second.type;
82 role.isEncoder = rolePair.second.isEncoder;
112 mRoleList[i] = std::move(role);
OmxStore析构函数参数在头文件里写死的:
================================ OmxStore.h ================================
46 OmxStore(
47 const sp<IOmx> &omx = nullptr,
48 const char* owner = "default",
49 const std::vector<std::string> &searchDirs =
50 MediaCodecsXmlParser::getDefaultSearchDirs(),
51 const std::vector<std::string> &xmlFiles =
52 MediaCodecsXmlParser::getDefaultXmlNames(),
53 const char *xmlProfilingResultsPath =
54 MediaCodecsXmlParser::defaultProfilingResultsXmlPath);
================================ MediaCodecsXmlParser ================================
37 static std::vector<std::string> getDefaultSearchDirs() {
38 return { "/odm/etc", "/vendor/etc", "/etc" };
39 }
40 static std::vector<std::string> getDefaultXmlNames() {
41 return { "media_codecs.xml", "media_codecs_performance.xml" };
42 }
43 static constexpr char const* defaultProfilingResultsXmlPath =
44 "/data/misc/media/media_codecs_profiling_results.xml";
45
以上就是音视频中的Codec初始化及Omx组件创建,想要更加深入学习音视频技术;就必须系统性学习。我推荐《音视频入门到精通手册》这本电子档。里面记录了从基础的C语言学起,到一些实战演练。需要的可以参考学习。
文末
说句实话,音视频自学起来困难重重,学习成本非常高,且效率低。 主要有两方面的原因,一是音视频知识庞杂,通俗易懂的资料非常少;另一方面,网上充斥着大量的错误信息,使得很多初学者掉到坑里就爬不出来了。
我来举个例子,按照传统的音视频学习方法,学习音视频你首先要阅读大量的音视频规范/协议文档(如H264、MP4/FLV、RTP/RTCP等)。这些文档中的内容基本都以位为单位的,即每个二进制位的变化都代表不同的含义,这种文档极其枯燥,很难阅读。
在对文档熟悉的前提下,再进行代码的开发难度就“更上一层楼”了。这时你会发现,如果你对 C/C++ 使用不熟练,没有专门进行过训练的话,你就进入了炼狱般的状况,那是一种折磨。
好在现在有FFMPG、WebRTC 等开源库,大大降低了研发成本。但即使这样,对于小白同学来说没有一套完整的音视频学习资料依然是十分困难的。音视频系统资料在上面哦!
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