在centos7上操作
一、安装、启动、开机启动、停止docker
1.Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10
查看内核版本
[root@common-server ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64
注：返回的版本可以安装docker
用yum安装(如果之间安装过，先卸载)
[root@common-server ~]# yum -y install docker
用wget安装(这里是非root用户)
[xl@common-server ~]# sudo wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh
将将当前用户追加到docker组中(这样执行的时候就不用sudo提权了)
[xl@common-server ~]# sudo usermod -aG docker xl
2.查看是否安装成功
[root@common-server ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: 94f4240/1.13.1
Built: Fri May 18 15:44:33 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
3.开启docker服务端
[root@common-server ~]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
或者
[root@common-server ~]# systemctl start docker
4.开启后在查看版本（服务端已经启动了）
[root@common-server ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: 94f4240/1.13.1
Built: Fri May 18 15:44:33 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-63.git94f4240.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: 94f4240/1.13.1
Built: Fri May 18 15:44:33 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
5.加入开机启动
[root@common-server ~]# systemctl enable docker
6.关闭docker服务端
[root@common-server ~]# service docker stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop docker.service
或者
[root@common-server ~]# systemctl stop docker
7.网上找的删除docker的方法(没试过，只作为记录)
方法一：
yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine -y
/etc/systemd -name '*docker*' -exec rm -f {} ;
find /etc/systemd -name '*docker*' -exec rm -f {} \;
find /lib/systemd -name '*docker*' -exec rm -f {} \;
方法二：
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker-common
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove container-selinux
或者
[root@localhost ~]# yum erase docker
[root@localhost ~]# yum erase docker-common
[root@localhost ~]# yum erase container-selinux
二、操作docker
1.查看镜像(images)
[root@common-server ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/hello-world latest 2cb0d9787c4d Less than a second ago 1.85 kB
docker.io/jenkins latest 00b7c903b9e4 2 weeks ago 696 MB
hub.c.163.com/library/nginx latest 46102226f2fd 13 months ago 109 MB
2.拉取镜像
[root@common-server ~]# docker pull hello-world
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/hello-world ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/hello-world
9db2ca6ccae0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4b8ff392a12ed9ea17784bd3c9a8b1fa3299cac44aca35a85c90c5e3c7afacdc
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/hello-world:latest
或者(指定镜像中心地址)
[root@common-server ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest
3.运行镜像
[root@common-server ~]# docker run hello-world
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
5.在后台运行镜像，并指定映射端口
[root@common-server ~]# docker run -d -p 8080:80 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx
356b6966c727f422dfc39222a306271eeef2d76f421ad34aeab740c9c9b89d7f
使用命令查看监听的端口(8080已经在监听容器中的80端口了)
[root@common-server ~]# netstat -na|grep 8080
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN
6.查看正在运行的容器
[root@common-server ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
356b6966c727 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp dazzling_goldwasser
7.进入容器内部(容器内部类似一个linux系统，可以使用(部分)linux命令)
[root@common-server ~]# docker exec -it 8a375439629e bash
root@8a375439629e:/#
在容器内查看正在运行的任务
root@8a375439629e:/# ps -ef
退出容器
root@8a375439629e:/# exit
exit
8.停止容器运行(只需要输入能辨别容器的容器id号码即可，不需要将整个容器id输入完)
[root@common-server ~]# docker stop 356
356
9.查询容器
[root@common-server ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
28b62dc4bd54 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 3 hours ago Exited (0) 20 minutes ago tender_noether
66126ce89b60 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago pedantic_meninsky
316f23a0bf35 hub.c.163.com/library/nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 3 hours ago Exited (0) 3 hours ago blissful_lamarr
36e7f241e390 hello-world "/hello" 4 hours ago Exited (0) 4 hours ago naughty_jones
dff23de99bd4 docker.io/jenkins "/bin/tini -- /usr..." 9 hours ago Exited (143) 20 minutes ago jenkins
10.重启容器
[root@common-server ~]# docker restart 8a375439629e
8a375439629e
11.删除容器
[root@common-server ~]# docker rm 214b86ffe5b9
214b86ffe5b9
12.删除镜像(要先删除用这个镜像的容器)
[root@common-server ~]# docker rmi docker.io/hello-world
Untagged: docker.io/hello-world:latest
Untagged: docker.io/hello-world@sha256:4b8ff392a12ed9ea17784bd3c9a8b1fa3299cac44aca35a85c90c5e3c7afacdc
Deleted: sha256:2cb0d9787c4dd17ef9eb03e512923bc4db10add190d3f84af63b744e353a9b34
Deleted: sha256:ee83fc5847cb872324b8a1f5dbfd754255367f4280122b4e2d5aee17818e31f5
三、制作镜像
1.创建一个Dockerfile文件，将要发布的应用和这个文件放在一个目录
文件中的内容
# 以tomcat为基础
from hub.c.163.com/library/tomcat:latest
# 作者信息
MAINTAINER xxx@163.com
# 将jpress.war应用放到容器中的tomcat中的/usr/local/tomcat/webapps目录下
COPY jpress.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
1.1 编写Dockerfile(在项目的src同级目录下新建Dockerfile文件，将下面内容填入)
# 从docker仓库中拉取一个能运行jar程序的环境(jdk)
FROM java:8-alpine
# 将自己的程序(app.jar)添加到容器中的指定目录中(/usr/local/src目录下)
ADD target/app.jar /usr/local/src/app.jar
# 指定端口(外部访问时的端口)
EXPOSE 8761
# 执行命令启动程序
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/usr/local/src/app.jar"]
2.构建镜像(指定镜像名)
在有Dockerfile的目录下执行docker build命令(-t后面是镜像名和标签，最后有个点表示当前目录)
[root@common-server ~]# docker build -t jpress:latest .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 286 MB
Step 1/3 : FROM hub.c.163.com/library/tomcat:latest
---> 72d2be374029
Step 2/3 : MAINTAINER xxx@163.com
---> Running in 00ac0fb7ae2c
---> 1a0858c478de
Removing intermediate container 00ac0fb7ae2c
Step 3/3 : COPY jpress.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
---> d52a8f8158f0
Removing intermediate container 494cdef62c83
Successfully built d52a8f8158f0
使用docker images查看，已经有刚构建的镜像了
[root@common-server ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jpress latest d52a8f8158f0 About a minute ago 313 MB
四.Mysql
启动mysql容器并设置root密码和创建数据库
[root@common-server ~]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -e MYSQL_DATABASE=jpress hub.c.163.com/library/mysql
e5c1d8c219a7de7ab0eb7e59430cc939b07f8d1ca0b93563e1952d03beeadb30
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