本地安装Nginx步骤:
1)安装Homebrew
终端输入
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install))"
大概过个二十分钟左右安装完成,其间提示输入密码,输入Mac密码,安装成功后就可以安装nginx了。
2)安装nginx
终端输入
brew install nginx
3)验证结果
安装好了,就可以启动nginx了,终端输入
brew services start nginx
- 启动成功,可以直接转到浏览器输入:
http://localhost:8080
nginx.png
- 重启:
brew services restart nginx
查看Nginx配置文件步骤:
安装完以后,可以在终端输出的信息里看到一些配置路径:
/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf (配置文件路径)
/usr/local/var/www (服务器默认路径)
/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.13.10/1.17.10(1.17.10根据自己安装的版本而定)
Nginx配置文件主要分成四部分:
main(全局设置)、server(主机设置)、upstream(上游服务器设置,主要为反向代理、负载均衡相关配置)和 location(URL匹配特定位置后的设置),每部分包含若干个指令。
- main部分设置的指令将影响其它所有部分的设置;
- server部分的指令主要用于指定虚拟主机域名、IP和端口;
- upstream的指令用于设置一系列的后端服务器,设置反向代理及后端服务器的负载均衡;
-
location部分用于匹配网页位置(比如,根目录“/”,“/images”,等等)。
备注:
他们之间的关系式:server继承main,location继承server;upstream既不会继承指令也不会被继承。它有自己的特殊指令,不需要在其他地方的应用。
对于这四个部分涉及到字段及包含的解释如下:
nginx config.png
1.全局块:开头到events,影响服务器运行的配置指令
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
备注:
1)worker_processes 1; #配置处理并发处理量
2)#pid logs/nginx.pid; #进程号
2.events块:服务器与用户网络连接
events {
worker_connections 1024; #最大的连接数
}
3.http块:包括http块,server块。代理缓存日志等都在这一块配置
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include servers/*;
}
参考文档
1)https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47872288/article/details/118515340?share_token=49f013ca-5bd6-42b1-a927-e22769810f78
2)https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx
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