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情态动词

情态动词

作者: OpenFire_674f | 来源:发表于2020-01-26 16:15 被阅读0次

    [TOC]

    情态动词

    • 情态动词多体现说话者的语气。
    • 形式:情态动词 + 动词原形

    常见情态动词

    can, could, may, might, must, have to, need, should, ought to

    表可能

    might < may < could < can < should < must

    表许可

    might < may < could < can

    表义务

    should < must

    That might be Tom. 那人也许是汤姆。
    That must Tom. 那人一定是汤姆。
    That is Tom. 那人是汤姆。
    

    can/could

    • 表能力,可译为“能够”,等价于be able to
    • 表可能,可译为“可能”。
    • 表许可,可译为“可以”。
    I can do it.
    She could do it when she was five years old.
    
    It can't be true.
    The book could be John's.
    
    Can/Could I use your phone?
    

    may/might

    • 表可能,可译为“可能”。
    • 表许可,可译为“可以”。
    • 否定回答时,不能用may not,只能用mustn'tyou'd better not
    It may/might be true.
    
    May/Might I use your phone?
    
    - May I come in? 我可以进来吗?
    - Yes, you may. 是的,你可以。
    - No, you mustn't / you'd better not. 不,你一定别/你最好不要。
    

    should

    • 表义务,可译为“应该”。
    • 表可能,可译为“可能,应该”。
    You should help her.
    
    The film should be very good.
    

    will/wuold

    表“将”。

    Will you lend me your car? 你将把你的车借给我吗?
    He will pick you up tomorrow morning. 她明早将要去接你。
    I will help you if I'm free this afternoon. 如果我下午有空,我将帮助你。
    If my brother will play this toy, I will give it to him. 如果我弟弟将要玩这个玩具,我就会把它给他。
    

    must

    • 表义务,可译为“必须”。
    • 表可能,可译为“可能,一定”。
    • 否定回答时,mustn't是“不准,禁止的”,应该使用needn'tdon't have to

    have to也表示必须,倾向于客观原因。

    You must finish it tonight.
    
    It must be John's book.
    
    - Must Lucy finish her work today? 今天露西必须完成她的工作吗?
    - Yes, she must. 是的
    - No, she needn't / don't have to. 不,他不需要/不需要。
    

    need

    表“需要,必须”。

    肯定回答must,否定回答need notdon't have to

    - Need I stay here any longer? 我还需要待在这里吗?
    - Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。
    - No, you needn't/don't have to. 不,你不需要。
    Your parents needn't be worried. 你的父母不需要担心。
    Jack need have finished the task by himself. 杰克本来需要自己完成这个任务的。
    Lucy don't need to wait for me this night. 露西今晚不需要等我。
    

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