Spring集成MyBatis进行单元测试

作者: 乘风破浪的姐姐 | 来源:发表于2018-03-20 10:16 被阅读31次

本文主要介绍Spring集成MyBatis,并进行结合Junit进行单元测试的过程，以及在整合过程中遇到的问题。
准备环境：
a.操作系统：win7 x64
b.基本软件：MySQL，Mybatis，Intelli idea

1.新建Maven项目，目录层级如下图

image.png

2、在pom.xml文件中加入整个项目需要的依赖包

 <properties>
    <java-version>1.8</java-version>
    <org.springframework-version>4.3.14.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
    <org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version>
    <org.slf4j-version>1.6.6</org.slf4j-version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
      <exclusions>
        <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
      <version>1.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis+Spring整合-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis依赖包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.22</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- AspectJ -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
      <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Logging -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
      <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.15</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
          <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
          <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
          <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
          <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
      <version>1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

3、为了方便操作，Intelli idea 可以结合mybatis-generator-maven-plugin插件自动生成MyBatis代码。
首先，需要在pom.xml文件的build节点下加入该插件的配置。

<!-- mybatis-generator自动生成代码插件 -->
<plugin>
  <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <verbose>true</verbose>
    <overwrite>true</overwrite>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

其次，要在maven项目下的src/main/resources 目录下建立名为 generatorConfig.xml的配置文件，作为mybatis-generator-maven-plugin 插件的执行目标。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<generatorConfiguration>
    <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties" />
    <!-- 指定数据连接驱动jar地址 -->
    <classPathEntry location="${driverPath}" />
    <context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressDate" value="true" />
            <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true：是 ： false:否 -->
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
        </commentGenerator>
        <!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="${driverClass}"
                        connectionURL="${jdbcUrl}" userId="${user}" password="${password}">
        </jdbcConnection>

        <javaTypeResolver>
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
        </javaTypeResolver>
        <!-- 生成模型的包名和位置 -->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="${target_package}.pojo"
                            targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
        </javaModelGenerator>
        <!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置 -->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="${target_package}.mapping"
                         targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </sqlMapGenerator>
        <!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置 -->
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
                             targetPackage="${target_package}.dao" targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </javaClientGenerator>
        <!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名 -->
        <table tableName="myuser" domainObjectName="User"
               enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false"
               enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false"
               selectByExampleQueryId="false">
            <property name="useActualColumnNames" value="false" />
        </table>
    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

上述配置spring数据源，需要在src/main/resources 目录下新增Jdbc.properties文件。文件内容如下：
注意，mysql-connector-java包的版本需要是6.0以下，否则会报错。

user=root
password=123
driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://192.168.100.63:3308/mysql
driverPath=C:\\Users\\ccc\\.m2\\repository\\mysql\\mysql-connector-java\\5.1.22\\mysql-connector-java-5.1.22.jar
target_package=com.sc

要生面的表myuser，在mysql中存在，具体结构如下

image.png

最后在intelli IDEA 的菜单栏，点击RUN-Edit Configurations,点击弹出窗口左上角的+号，新增Maven.为当前配置配置一个名称，这里命名为"generator",然后在 “Command line” 选项中输入“mybatis-generator:generate -e”。这里加了“-e ”选项是为了让该插件输出详细信息，帮助我们定位问题。
点击Apply。

image.png

点击运行geratorator，即可自动生成dao,pojo,mapping对应文件

image.png

4、上述生成MyBatis相关文件后，在src/main/resources 目录下新增spring-mybatis.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 导入资源文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
     <!-- 扫描Impl包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sc.impl" />

     <!-- 配置 spring 数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="username" value="${user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClass}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/sc/mapping/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.sc.dao" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

5、因为MyBatis的xml映射文件和propertis文件都在src的下级目录下，所以需要在pom.xml的build节点下加入

 <resources>
      <!-- 编译之后包含xml -->
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
      <!-- 编译之后包含xml和properties -->
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
    </resources>

6、创建service层
首先，新增接口UserServiceI

package com.sc.service;

import com.sc.pojo.User;

public interface UserServiceI {

    /**
     * 添加用户
     * @param user
     */
    void addUser(User user);

    /**
     * 根据用户id获取用户
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    User getUserById(Integer userId);
}

其次，新增实现类UserServiceImpl

package com.sc.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.sc.dao.UserMapper;
import com.sc.pojo.User;
import com.sc.service.UserServiceI;

/**
 * @author gacl
 * 使用@Service注解将UserServiceImpl类标注为一个service
 * service的id是userService
 */
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserServiceI {

    /**
     * 使用@Autowired注解标注userMapper变量，
     * 当需要使用UserMapper时，Spring就会自动注入UserMapper
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;//注入dao

    @Override
    public void addUser(User user) {
        userMapper.insert(user);
    }

    @Override
    public User getUserById(Integer userId) {
        return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(userId);
    }
}

7、新增测试类，结合junit

package com.sc.test;

import com.sc.pojo.User;
import com.sc.service.UserServiceI;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyBatisTest {

    private UserServiceI userService;

    /**
     * 这个before方法在所有的测试方法之前执行，并且只执行一次
     * 所有做Junit单元测试时一些初始化工作可以在这个方法里面进行
     * 比如在before方法里面初始化ApplicationContext和userService
     */
    @Before
    public void before(){
        //使用"spring.xml"和"spring-mybatis.xml"这两个配置文件创建Spring上下文
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-mybatis.xml");
        //从Spring容器中根据bean的id取出我们要使用的userService对象
        userService = (UserServiceI) ac.getBean("userService");
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddUser(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("123aaaaa");
        user.setPasswd("aaaaa");
        user.setAddress("龙田");
        user.setEmail("sss");
        user.setType(1);
        userService.addUser(user);
        User user1 = userService.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user1);
    }
}

执行结果：

image.png

8、SpringMVC集成MyBatis获取信息返回到jsp页面
添加Controller组件相关类：

package com.sc.controller;

import com.sc.impl.UserServiceImpl;
import com.sc.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {
    @Resource
    UserServiceImpl userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/showUser")
    public String getUser(HttpServletRequest request, Model model){

        String  userId =  request.getParameter("id");

        if(!userId.equals("")&&userId!=null){
            System.out.println(userId+"-----------");
            User user = userService.getUserById(Integer.parseInt(userId));
            model.addAttribute("user",user);
        }
        return "showUser";
    }
}

在web-info/config下新增配置文件 spring-mvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描路径 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sc.controller">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置根视图 -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>

    <!-- 激活基于注解的配置 @RequestMapping, @ExceptionHandler,数据绑定 ,@NumberFormat ,
    @DateTimeFormat ,@Controller ,@Valid ,@RequestBody ,@ResponseBody等  -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 静态资源处理， css， js， imgs -->
    <mvc:resources location="/assets/" mapping="/assets/**"></mvc:resources>

    <!-- 视图层配置 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

在web.xml中加载上述配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd  "
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- Spring监听器 -->
    <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
    <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
    <servlet>
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <!-- 配置SESSION超时，单位是分钟 -->
    <session-config>
      <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

启动tomcat,在浏览器中输入链接：http://localhost:8080/user/showUser?id=1
测试结果如下：

image.png

在整个整合过程中，遇到的问题如下：
1、org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Invalid bound statement (not found): com.sc.dao.UserMapper.selectByPrimaryKey。
具体错误信息如下：

image.png

解决方案：
需要强制将xml文件打包到war中，在pom.xml文件的bulid节点下添加以下代码

<resources>
  <!-- 编译之后包含xml -->
  <resource>
    <directory>src/main/java</directory>
    <includes>
      <include>**/*.xml</include>
    </includes>
  </resource>
</resources>

2、Could not resolve resource location pattern [classpath:com/sc/mapping/.xml]: class path resource [com/sc/mapping/] cannot be resolved to URL because it does not exist

image.png
解决方案：
在mybatis的配置文件下扫描不到 xml文件
在spring-mybatis.xml中扫描xml的配置如下
需要将classpath 为 classpath

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/sc/mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>

3、使用generator 自动生成重复MyBatis代码
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.sc.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
多次使用generator生成mybatis代码，在生成xxxMapper.xml文件后，再生成一次，新的内容会以追加的方式加入到原来的xxxMapper.xml文件中。

image.png

解决方案：
方法一：直接删除mapping目录下的**mapper.xml文件
方法二：在IntrospectedTableMyBatis3Impl.getGeneratedXmlFiles方法中，isMergeable值被写死为true。而MyBatisGenerator.writeGeneratedXmlFile方法中使用到该属性，结果导致每次重新生成后都是追加。
为了不用修改源码，重新打包，造成包不一致，所以使用反射在运行时把isMergeable强制改成false，需要新增一个插件。
新增 OverIsMergeablePlugin 类继承PluginAdapter

package com.sc.utils;

import org.mybatis.generator.api.GeneratedXmlFile;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.IntrospectedTable;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.PluginAdapter;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.List;

public class OverIsMergeablePlugin extends PluginAdapter {
    @Override
    public boolean validate(List<String> warnings) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean sqlMapGenerated(GeneratedXmlFile sqlMap, IntrospectedTable introspectedTable) {
        try {
            Field field = sqlMap.getClass().getDeclaredField("isMergeable");
            field.setAccessible(true);
            field.setBoolean(sqlMap, false);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return true;
    }
}

将上述插件注入到配置generatorConfig.xml中
<plugin type="com.sc.utils.OverIsMergeablePlugin" />
注意添加的位置。

image.png

新增mybatis自动生成代码的测试类
注意：这里Main类引入的是 com.sun.javaws包下的，否则会空指针异常。

package com.sc.test;

import com.sun.javaws.Main;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser;
import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class GeneratorTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>();
        boolean overwrite = true;
        ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings);
        Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(Main.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("generatorConfig.xml"));
        DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite);
        MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings);
        myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
        System.out.println("----ok----");
    }
}

运行测试类，发现mapping目录下生成的**Mapper.xml没有自动追加，而是覆盖。

Spring集成MyBatis进行单元测试

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