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spring aop 一把尖刀

spring aop 一把尖刀

作者: 香芋牛奶面包 | 来源:发表于2016-11-03 16:45 被阅读27次

    为了能够使程序横向扩展,又不需要去改动现有的程序,aop就出来了
    举个例子:必如说我们把代码都写完了,需要在某些功能执行后打印一些日志看看,这时候你难道一个一个文件的去改吗?aop就可以帮助我们直接切入,而不需要去改现有的文件,就像一把尖刀------>直入心脏
    来先把依赖导了..

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>com.wangjn</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop-demo</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
      <name>spring-aop-demo</name>
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
        <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
        <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.11</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring核心包 -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
      </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring aop 编织依赖 -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
          <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.10</version>
        </dependency>
    
    
        <!-- 日志 -->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
          <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
          <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </project>
    
    

    介绍一下配置aop的两种方式:
    第一种,使用 aop:aspect

    首先,先建个接口

    package com.wangjn;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * Created by Administrator
     */
    public interface MyAopDemo {
        public void aopTest();
    }
    

    实现类:

    package com.wangjn;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * Created by Administrator
     */
    @Component
    public class MyAopDemoImpl implements MyAopDemo{
        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAopDemoImpl.class);
        @Override
        public void aopTest() {
            logger.info("Hello World!");
        }
    }
    

    写个 横切点,也就是我们要切进的具体执行类:

    package com.wangjn;
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * Created by Administrator
     */
    @Component("aspectTest")
    public class AspectTest {
        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAopDemoImpl.class);
        public void doit(){
            logger.info("使用aspect 配置的AOP!");
        }
    }
    

    重点在于spring的配置,其实就几句话:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com"/>
        <aop:config>
                <aop:aspect id="log" ref="aspectTest">
                    <aop:pointcut id="addAllMethod" expression="execution(* com.wangjn.MyAopDemo.*(..))" />
                    <aop:before method="doit" pointcut-ref="addAllMethod" />
                    <aop:after method="doit" pointcut-ref="addAllMethod" />
                </aop:aspect>
        </aop:config>
    
    </beans>
    

    再来写个测试类:

    package com.wangjn;
    
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    /**
     * Created by Administrator
     */
    public class Start {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
            MyAopDemo demo = (MyAopDemo) context.getBean("myAopDemoImpl");
            demo.aopTest();
        }
    }
    

    执行 main 方法,完美切入..

    再来说说使用advisor的aop 实现,其实与上面的方法最大的不同在于需要自己去实现各种 advice(通知)
    advice 类型有以下几种:

    1. 前置(BeforeAdvice):在目标方法执行前实施
    2. 后置(AfterReturningAdvice):在目标方法执行后实施
    3. 环绕(MrthodInterceptor):在目标方法执行前后实施
    4. 异常抛出(ThrowsAdvice):在目标方法抛出异常后实施
    5. 引介(IntroductionIntercrptor):在目标类中添加一些新的方法和属性

    这里我们去实现一下 AfterReturningAdvice 也就是 目标方法后执行

    package com.wangjn;
    
    
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    
    /**
     * Created by Administrator
     */
    @Component
    public class AdviceTest implements AfterReturningAdvice{
        private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AdviceTest.class);
        @Override
        public void afterReturning(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, Object o1) throws Throwable {
            logger.info("使用advisor配置的AOP!");
        }
    }
    

    改一下spring的配置文件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com"/>
        <!-- 使用aspect 实现aop 与下面 advisor 配置的两者选其一(事务配置一般用advisor的)
        <aop:config>
                <aop:aspect id="log" ref="aspectTest">
                    <aop:pointcut id="addAllMethod" expression="execution(* com.wangjn.MyAopDemo.*(..))" />
                    <aop:before method="doit" pointcut-ref="addAllMethod" />
                    <aop:after method="doit" pointcut-ref="addAllMethod" />
                </aop:aspect>
        </aop:config>
        -->
        <aop:config>
            <aop:pointcut id="addAllMethod" expression="execution(* com.wangjn.MyAopDemo.*(..))" />
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="adviceTest" pointcut-ref="addAllMethod" ></aop:advisor>
        </aop:config>
    
    </beans>
    

    执行测试一下成功织入


    image.png

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