rpm与服务管理

rpm

1. 安装rpm软件包：rpm -ivh xxx.rpm
2. 更新rpm软件包：rpm -Uvh xxx.rpm
3. 卸载rpm软件包：rpm -e xxx.rpm
   不建议使用--nodeps参数，最好先卸载依赖的安装包
4. 列出已安装的rpm软件包：rpm -qa
5. 查询软件包详细信息：rpm -qi xxx：

[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -qa openssh
openssh-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -qi openssh-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64
Name        : openssh
Version     : 7.4p1
Release     : 21.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Tue 08 Oct 2019 05:14:24 PM CST
Group       : Applications/Internet
Size        : 1991172
License     : BSD
... ...

6. 查询哪个软件包含有指定文件：rpm -q --whatprovides xxx

[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/sbin/ip
iproute-4.11.0-25.el7.x86_64
[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# whereis netstat
netstat: /usr/bin/netstat /usr/share/man/man8/netstat.8.gz
[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# 
[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/bin/netstat 
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64

7. 列出软件包中的所有文件

[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/mime.types.default
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
... ...

8. 列出软件包中所有的配置文件：rpm -qc xxx

[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# rpm -qc nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/mime.types.default
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/scgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/win-utf
[root@xiaohuasheng ~]# 

服务管理

查看自启动服务的命令：

systemctl list-unit-files --type=service|grep enabled