FFmpeg4Android:视频文件推流

作者: walker不抽烟 | 来源:发表于2018-07-02 14:20 被阅读15次

    8 FFmpeg4Android:视频文件推流

    8.1 推流原理

    RTMP推流器(Streamer)的在流媒体系统中的作用可以用下图表示。首先将视频数据以RTMP的形式发送到流媒体服务器端(Server,比如FMS,Red5,Wowza等),然后客户端(一般为Flash Player)通过访问流媒体服务器就可以收看实时流了。

    <center> 推流原理

    运行本程序之前需要先运行RTMP流媒体服务器,并在流媒体服务器上建立相应的Application。有关流媒体服务器的操作不在本文的论述范围内,在此不再详述。本程序运行后,即可通过RTMP客户端(例如 Flash Player, FFplay等等)收看推送的直播流。

    需要要注意的地方:
    1)封装格式
    RTMP采用的封装格式是FLV。因此在指定输出流媒体的时候需要指定其封装格式为“flv”。同理,其他流媒体协议也需要指定其封装格式。例如采用UDP推送流媒体的时候,可以指定其封装格式为“mpegts”。

    2)延时
    发送流媒体的数据的时候需要延时。不然的话,FFmpeg处理数据速度很快,瞬间就能把所有的数据发送出去,流媒体服务器是接受不了的。因此需要按照视频实际的帧率发送数据。本文记录的推流器在视频帧与帧之间采用了av_usleep()函数休眠的方式来延迟发送。这样就可以按照视频的帧率发送数据了,参考代码如下。

    8.2 nginx服务器搭建

    1. 先下载安装 nginx 和 nginx-rtmp 编译依赖工具
      sudo apt-get install build-essential libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libssl-dev

    2. 创建一个工作目录,并切换到工作目录
      mkdir /usr/jason/nginx
      cd /usr/jason/nginx

    3. 下载 nginx 和 nginx-rtmp源码(wget是一个从网络上自动下载文件的自由工具)
      wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.5.tar.gz(或wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
      wget https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/master.zip

    4. 安装unzip工具,解压下载的安装包
      sudo apt-get install unzip

    5. 解压 nginx 和 nginx-rtmp安装包
      tar -zxvf nginx-1.7.5.tar.gz
      -zxvf分别是四个参数
      x : 从 tar 包中把文件提取出来
      z : 表示 tar 包是被 gzip 压缩过的,所以解压时需要用 gunzip 解压
      v : 显示详细信息
      f xxx.tar.gz : 指定被处理的文件是 xxx.tar.gz

    unzip master.zip

    1. 切换到 nginx-目录
      cd nginx-1.7.5

    2. 添加 nginx-rtmp 模板编译到 nginx
      ./configure --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-master

    3. 编译安装
      make
      sudo make install

    4. 安装nginx init 脚本
      (/etc/init.d/下:)
      sudo wget https://raw.github.com/JasonGiedymin/nginx-init-ubuntu/master/nginx -O /etc/init.d/nginx
      sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
      sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults

    5. 启动和停止nginx 服务,生成配置文件
      sudo service nginx start
      sudo service nginx stop
      (tip : /usr/local/nginx/conf下的nginx.conf文件,在server:listen中可以改端口)

    1. 安装 FFmpeg
      ./configure --disable-yasm(末尾会有fail字样的WARNING,为正常情况)
      make
      make install

    2. 配置 nginx-rtmp 服务器
      打开 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
      在末尾添加如下 配置

    rtmp {
        server {
                listen 1935;
                chunk_size 4096;
    
                application live {
                        live on;
                        record off;
                        exec ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost/live/$name -threads 1 -c:v libx264 -profile:v baseline -b:v 350K -s 640x360 -f flv -c:a aac -ac 1 -strict -2 -b:a 56k rtmp://localhost/live360p/$name;
                }
                application live360p {
                        live on;
                        record off;
            }
        }
    }
    
    1. 保存上面配置文件,然后重新启动nginx服务
      sudo service nginx restart

    2. 如果你使用了防火墙,请允许端口 tcp 1935
      如:阿里云需要在安全组中设置好1935端口

    1. 服务器配置测试播放器:
      将播放器复制到目录:/usr/local/nginx/html/,然后修改播放地址

    附:推流与播放命令
    推流:ffmpeg -re -i "D:\sintel.mp4" -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1280x720 -q 10 rtmp://180.76.117.119:1935/live/walker
    播放:ffplay rtmp://180.76.117.119:1935/live/walker

    8.3 视频推流

    java端代码,主要是转入rtmp地址和声明jni函数:

    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.Menu;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.EditText;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    
        // rtmp url
        private static final String rtmpURL = "rtmp://118.190.211.61:1935/live/walker";
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            Button startButton = findViewById(R.id.button_start);
            final EditText urlEdittext_input = findViewById(R.id.input_url);
            final EditText urlEdittext_output = findViewById(R.id.output_url);
            urlEdittext_output.setText(rtmpURL);
    
            startButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
                public void onClick(View view) {
    
                    String folderurl = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
    
                    String urltext_input = urlEdittext_input.getText().toString();
                    String inputurl = folderurl + "/" + urltext_input;
    
                    String outputurl = urlEdittext_output.getText().toString();
    
                    Log.e("inputurl", inputurl);
                    Log.e("outputurl", outputurl);
                    String info = "";
    
                    stream(inputurl, outputurl);
    
                    Log.e("Info", info);
                }
            });
        }
    
    
        @Override
        public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
            // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
            getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
            return true;
        }
    
        // JNI
        public native int stream(String inputurl, String outputurl);
    
        static {
            System.loadLibrary("avutil-54");
            System.loadLibrary("swresample-1");
            System.loadLibrary("avcodec-56");
            System.loadLibrary("avformat-56");
            System.loadLibrary("swscale-3");
            System.loadLibrary("postproc-53");
            System.loadLibrary("avfilter-5");
            System.loadLibrary("avdevice-56");
            System.loadLibrary("sffstreamer");
        }
    }
    

    c端代码,实现视频的解封装与推流:

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <time.h> 
    
    #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
    #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
    #include "libavutil/log.h"
    
    #ifdef ANDROID
    #include <jni.h>
    #include <android/log.h>
    #define LOGE(format, ...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, "walker", format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
    #define LOGI(format, ...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,  "walker", format, ##__VA_ARGS__)
    #else
    #define LOGE(format, ...)  LOGE("(>_<) " format "\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
    #define LOGI(format, ...)  LOGE("(^_^) " format "\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
    #endif
    
    //Output FFmpeg's av_log()
    void custom_log(void *ptr, int level, const char* fmt, va_list vl){
    
        //To TXT file
        FILE *fp=fopen("/storage/emulated/0/av_log.txt","a+");
        if(fp){
            vfprintf(fp,fmt,vl);
            fflush(fp);
            fclose(fp);
        }
    
        //To Logcat
        //LOGE(fmt, vl);
    }
    
    JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_ffmpeg_push_MainActivity_stream
      (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring input_jstr, jstring output_jstr)
    {
        AVOutputFormat *ofmt = NULL;
        AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx = NULL, *ofmt_ctx = NULL;
        AVPacket pkt;
    
        int ret, i;
        char input_str[500]={0};
        char output_str[500]={0};
    
        char info[1000]={0};
        sprintf(input_str,"%s",(*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env,input_jstr, NULL));
        sprintf(output_str,"%s",(*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env,output_jstr, NULL));
    
        //FFmpeg av_log() callback
        av_log_set_callback(custom_log);
    
        av_register_all();
        //Network
        avformat_network_init();
    
        //Input
        if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, input_str, 0, 0)) < 0) {
            LOGE( "Could not open input file.");
            goto end;
        }
        if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) < 0) {
            LOGE( "Failed to retrieve input stream information");
            goto end;
        }
    
        int videoindex=-1;
        for(i=0; i<ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) 
            if(ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
                videoindex=i;
                break;
            }
        //Output
        avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "flv",output_str); //RTMP
        //avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "mpegts", output_str);//UDP
    
        if (!ofmt_ctx) {
            LOGE( "Could not create output context\n");
            ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
            goto end;
        }
        ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;
        for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
            //Create output AVStream according to input AVStream
            AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
            AVStream *out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, in_stream->codec->codec);
            if (!out_stream) {
                LOGE( "Failed allocating output stream\n");
                ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
                goto end;
            }
            //Copy the settings of AVCodecContext
            ret = avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec);
            if (ret < 0) {
                LOGE( "Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
                goto end;
            }
            out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
            if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
                out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
        }
    
        //Open output URL
        if (!(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
            ret = avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, output_str, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
            if (ret < 0) {
                LOGE( "Could not open output URL '%s'\n 'ret':%d", output_str, ret);
                goto end;
            }
        }
        //Write file header
        ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
        if (ret < 0) {
            LOGE( "Error occurred when opening output URL\n 'ret: %d'", ret);
            goto end;
        }
    
        int frame_index=0;
    
        int64_t start_time=av_gettime();
        while (1) {
            AVStream *in_stream, *out_stream;
            //Get an AVPacket
            ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &pkt);
            if (ret < 0)
                break;
            //FIX��No PTS (Example: Raw H.264)
            //Simple Write PTS
            if(pkt.pts==AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                //Write PTS
                AVRational time_base1=ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;
                //Duration between 2 frames (us)
                int64_t calc_duration=(double)AV_TIME_BASE/av_q2d(ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->r_frame_rate);
                //Parameters
                pkt.pts=(double)(frame_index*calc_duration)/(double)(av_q2d(time_base1)*AV_TIME_BASE);
                pkt.dts=pkt.pts;
                pkt.duration=(double)calc_duration/(double)(av_q2d(time_base1)*AV_TIME_BASE);
            }
            //Important:Delay
            if(pkt.stream_index==videoindex){
                AVRational time_base=ifmt_ctx->streams[videoindex]->time_base;
                AVRational time_base_q={1,AV_TIME_BASE};
                int64_t pts_time = av_rescale_q(pkt.dts, time_base, time_base_q);
                int64_t now_time = av_gettime() - start_time;
                if (pts_time > now_time)
                    av_usleep(pts_time - now_time);
    
            }
    
            in_stream  = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
            out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
            /* copy packet */
            //Convert PTS/DTS
            pkt.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            pkt.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(pkt.duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
            pkt.pos = -1;
            //Print to Screen
            if(pkt.stream_index==videoindex){
                LOGE("Send %8d video frames to output URL\n",frame_index);
                frame_index++;
            }
            //ret = av_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);
            ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);
    
            if (ret < 0) {
                LOGE( "Error muxing packet\n");
                break;
            }
            av_free_packet(&pkt);
            
        }
        //Write file trailer
        av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
        end:
            avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx);
            /* close output */
            if (ofmt_ctx && !(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
                avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);
            avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
            if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR_EOF) {
                LOGE( "Error occurred.\n");
                return -1;
            }
            return 0;
    }
    





    源码下载:https://download.csdn.net/download/itismelzp/10317555

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