首先访问12306的进行余票查询,比如我查询 武汉到深圳 时间是 2018-05-22的余票
通过浏览器F12可以看到查询信息的接口是如下:
可以看到接口中传入四个参数,leftTicketDTO.train_date,leftTicketDTO.from_station,leftTicketDTO.to_station,
purpose_codes.代表的意思是出发时间,起始地,目的地,票的类型(默认为成年人)
参数里面的地点用的是字典码,需要我们找到字典,
还是通过浏览器F12查看,来自于一个js(我也是看别人的文章知道的)
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9053
可以直接打开看到里面是一串很长的字符串,
1526887430(1).png
接下来就是对这个字符串的处理:
我这里用java的httpclient处理的:
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
URI uri = new URIBuilder()
.setScheme("https")
.setHost("kyfw.12306.cn")
.setPath("otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js")
.setParameter("station_version", "1.9053")
.build();
System.out.println(uri);
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.162 Safari/537.36");
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
HashMap<Object, Object> rev_map = new HashMap<>();
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String mess = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println(mess);//内容是全的
String reg = "([\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+)\\|([A-Z]+)";//正则表达式匹配
Pattern compile = Pattern.compile(reg);
//利用正则把所有匹配到的都存入map集合
while (true) {
Matcher matcher = compile.matcher(mess);
if (matcher.find()) {
//System.out.println(matcher.group());
mess = mess.substring(mess.indexOf(matcher.group())+matcher.group().length());
String[] strings = matcher.group().split("\\|"); //双斜线转义
map.put(strings[1],strings[0]); //地点,地点码
rev_map.put(strings[0],strings[1]); //地点码,地点
}else {
break;
}
}
这里将得到的字典序列化到本地,避免每次使用字典都去查一次.
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("D:\\station.txt");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(out);
oos.writeObject(map);
oos.close();
接下来直接直接调用接口就行了,还是用的httpclient
public static List getINfo(String from_station,String to_station,String date) throws URISyntaxException {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
String from_code = station_name.getCodeByCity(from_station);
String ro_code = station_name.getCodeByCity(to_station);
//uri的构造器
URI uri = new URIBuilder()
.setScheme("https")
.setHost("kyfw.12306.cn")
.setPath("/otn/leftTicket/query")
.setParameter("leftTicketDTO.train_date", date) //2018-05-04
.setParameter("leftTicketDTO.from_station", from_code)
.setParameter("leftTicketDTO.to_station", ro_code)
.setParameter("purpose_codes", "ADULT")
.build();
// HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query?leftTicketDTO.train_date=2018-05-03&leftTicketDTO.from_station=HKN&leftTicketDTO.to_station=HAN&purpose_codes=ADULT");
System.out.println(uri);
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.162 Safari/537.36");
//System.out.println(httpGet.getURI());
List<Map<String,String>> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
//System.out.println(entity);
String message = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println(message);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(message);
JsonNode result = node.get("data").get("result");
System.out.println(result.get(1));
//直接遍历result
for (int i = 0;i < result.size();i++) {
HashMap<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
String str = String.valueOf(result.get(i));
//System.out.println(str);
String[] strings = str.split("\\|"); //加两个反斜线转义
String train_no = strings[3];
String from_station_code = strings[6];
String from_station_name = station_name.getCityByCode(from_station_code);
String to_station_code = strings[7];
String to_station_name = station_name.getCityByCode(to_station_code);
String start_time = strings[8];
String arrive_time = strings[9];
String first_class_seat = strings[31] ; //一等座
String second_class_seat = strings[30]; //二等座
String soft_sleep = strings[23]; //软卧
String hard_sleep = strings[28]; //硬卧
String hard_seat = strings[29]; //硬座
String no_seat = strings[26]; //无座
map.put("train_no",train_no);
map.put("from_station_name",from_station_name);
map.put("to_station_name",to_station_name);
map.put("start_time",start_time);
map.put("arrive_time",arrive_time);
map.put("first_class_seat",first_class_seat);
map.put("second_class_seat",second_class_seat);
map.put("soft_sleep",soft_sleep);
map.put("hard_sleep",hard_sleep);
map.put("hard_seat",hard_seat);
map.put("no_seat",no_seat);
//System.out.println(map);
list.add(map);
}
System.out.println(list);
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------");
// System.out.println(getStation("WCN"));
response.close();
httpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
最后处理了下,做了个简单的查询页面:
1526887668(1).png
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